牙髓再生中血管网络重建策略

doi:10.7518/gjkq.2022024

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

牙髓炎是常见的口腔疾病之一，目前常采取的治疗手段难以恢复牙髓的结构和功能，通过再生医学原理探索牙髓再生的策略成为目前的研究热点。根管和牙髓腔的形态具有特殊性，牙髓组织再生的难点在于牙髓血管网络的重建。牙髓血管形成策略研究目前主要集中于两个方向：原位血管生成策略和移植物预血管化技术。本文系统分析了基于牙髓干细胞的牙髓再生中血管再生的研究成果，重点讨论了体内原位血管生成的基本原理和促进血管再生过程中的信号分子、理化因素以及细胞外囊泡的调控作用；对预血管化系统所采用的细胞来源、血管网络构建条件、凝胶支架选择与微环境的配置进行了总结和讨论；同时对目前相关预血管化技术的临床研究情况进行了归纳，并对预血管化技术在牙髓再生中血管网络重建中的可行性和应用前景进行了探讨和展望。

关键词: 牙髓再生, 干细胞, 血管生成, 血管形成, 预血管化

Abstract:

Pulpitis has one of the highest incidences of oral diseases, and restoring the structure and function of dental pulp is difficult by the commonly adopted treatment methods. Therefore, the strategy of dental pulp regeneration through regenerative medicine has been widely explored. However, the reconstruction of a pulp vascular network is a difficult problem in pulp tissue regeneration because of the special morphological characteristics of root canal and pulp cavity. Studies on pulp angiogenesis strategies have mainly focused on two aspects: orthotopic angiogenesis strategies and graft pre-angiogenesis techniques. In this work, the basic principles of orthotopic angiogenesis in vivo were mainly discussed by systematically analyzing the results of research on angiogenesis in dental pulp regeneration based on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs): 1) signaling molecules, physical and chemical factors, and regulation of extracellular vesicles during angiogenesis and 2) cell source, vascular network construction conditions, gel scaffold selection, and microenvironment configuration of the pre-angiogenesis system. Studies and trials on the strategies of the vascularization of dental pulp in clinics were also summarized. The application prospect of pre-angiogenesis in the reconstruction of a vascular network in pulp regeneration was also discussed and prospected.

Key words: pulp regeneration, stem cells, angiogenesis, vascularization, pre-vascularization

中图分类号:

R 783

覃思文,廖立. 牙髓再生中血管网络重建策略[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2022, 49(3): 272-282.

Qin Siwen,Liao Li.. Strategies of vascularization in dental pulp regeneration[J]. Int J Stomatol, 2022, 49(3): 272-282.

图/表 1

表 1

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分化方向	信号因子
成骨细胞	水溶性17β雌激素、骨形态发生蛋白2
神经元细胞	FGF-b、EGF、神经营养素3、BDNF、孕激素
血管内皮细胞	FGF-b、VEGF、IGF-Ⅰ

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