国际口腔医学杂志

国际口腔医学杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4): 463-471.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2023064

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

牙髓干细胞干性维持的研究进展

于乐蓉1(),李祥伟1(),艾虹2   

  1. 1.中山大学附属第五医院口腔科 珠海 519000
    2.中山大学附属第三医院口腔科 广州 510000
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-05 修回日期:2022-12-02 出版日期:2023-07-01 发布日期:2023-06-21
  • 通讯作者: 李祥伟
  • 作者简介:于乐蓉，博士，Email：404539937@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    广东省自然科学基金(2022A1515012285);吉林省科技厅重点研发项目(20200404132YY)

Research progress on the stemness maintenance of dental pulp stem cells

Yu Lerong1(),Li Xiangwei1(),Ai Hong2   

  1. 1.Dept. of Stomatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
    2.Dept. of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
  • Received:2022-09-05 Revised:2022-12-02 Online:2023-07-01 Published:2023-06-21
  • Contact: Xiangwei Li
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2022A1515012285);Key Project of Jilin Province Science and Technology Department(20200404132YY)

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摘要：

牙髓干细胞是存在于牙髓组织中的一种牙源性未分化间充质干细胞，具有强大的自我更新能力和多向分化潜能，可在特定刺激条件下分化为成骨细胞、软骨细胞、成牙本质细胞、脂肪细胞、神经细胞、肌细胞以及肝细胞等，为其应用于治疗各种组织缺损和修复提供了新的临床思路和方法。牙髓干细胞在体外传代和扩增的过程中不可避免地会出现增殖速度减慢、细胞衰老和多能性减退等干性降低的表现，这严重阻碍牙髓干细胞在组织工程中的应用。如何克服牙髓干细胞干性维持欠佳的不足，以及如何维持牙髓干细胞的干性等问题在组织工程研究中受到广泛关注。本文对牙髓干细胞干性维持的意义，维持方法（包括低温保存、培养维度、低氧环境、应用细胞因子等）及其调控的分子机制等方面的研究进展进行综述。

关键词: 牙髓干细胞, 干性, 干性维持, 干性调控机制

Abstract:

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a unique population of odontogenic undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells with strong self-renewal ability and multi-lineage differentiation potential existing in the dental pulp tissue. They could differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, odontoblasts, adipocytes, nerve cells, muscle cells, and hepatocytes under specific stimulation conditions, providing a novel clinical idea for their application in the treatment of various tissue defects and repairs. However, in the process of passage and expansion in vitro, DPSCs inevitably exhibit decreased stemness, such as slowed proliferation rate, cell senescence, and pluripotency decline, which seriously impede their application in tissue engineering. How to overcome these deficiencies and maintain the stemness of DPSCs have received extensive attention in tissue engineering research. In this article, the research progress on the significance, methods (including low-temperature preservation, culture dimensions, hypoxic environment, application of cytokines, etc.), and molecular mechanisms of stemness maintenance of DPSCs was reviewed.

Key words: dental pulp stem cells, stemness, stemness maintenance, stemness regulation mechanism

中图分类号: 

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