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01 March 2012, Volume 39 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Complications of oral local anesthesia and their preventive treatments Pan Jian, Zhang Zhuang. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  141-144.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.001 Abstract ( 2985 )   HTML ( 41 )   PDF（pc） (111KB) ( 9597 )   Save Local anesthetic administration is a common dental procedure in clinical practice. The incidence rate of complications and side effects is about 4.5% to 13%, and almost of them are usually of a reversible and temporary nature, though the potential for a more serious response does exist. The complications of local anesthesia include systemic and local adverse reaction, which is involved in much type of signs and symptoms. The prevention and treatment should be carefully considered when it occurs. Thus, dental doctors should not only master the theory and techniques of local anesthesia before anesthetic injection, but also are familiar with prevention and treatment of complications. This paper focus on the frequent complications in anesthesia practice, and the principles related to prevention and cure of complications were discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Electromyography analysis on masticatory muscles of patients with mandibular prognathism before and after sagittal split ramus osteotomy Cao Jun, Tang Enyi, Yang Xudong, Pu Yumei, Lu Mingxing. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  145-148.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.002 Abstract ( 1001 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (141KB) ( 879 )   Save Objective To record the electromyography（EMG） of mandibular prognathism patients before and after orthognathic surgery, analyse the change process of masticatory muscles system after sagittal split ramus osteotomy（ SSRO） and further explore the relationship between the electromyography changes and the adaptive remodeling of masticatory muscles. Methods We selected 18 simply mandibular prognathism patients who will accept SSRO. Recorded the electrophysiological parameters of masticatory muscles before the operation, after 3 months, after 1 year, and then calculated and analysed the parameters. Results The mandibular prognathism patients had lower EMG indexes under normal conditions. 3 months after SSRO, most of EMG indexes came down which were significantly lower than preoperative group. 1 year after SSRO, most of the EMG indexes improved a lot, while some of them were still lower than control group. Conclusion Reconstruction of masticatory muscle system after SSRO is a long-term process. The performance of masticatory muscles was improved by SSRO. Related Articles | Metrics

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The disinfection effect of calcium hydroxides dressing using different vehicles on clinical root canal treatment Fu Guoxiang1, Luo Mingyu1, Gao Qianhua2, Liao Xuefeng1, Wang Ying1. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  149-152.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.003 Abstract ( 1304 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF（pc） (160KB) ( 961 )   Save Objective To investigate the clinical effect of root canal disinfection with calcium hydroxides dressing respectively in four different vehicles（physiological saline, iodine glycerin, camphorated para-monochlorophenol and camphorated para -monochlorophenol/iodine glycerin）, in order to provide reference for clinical root canal treatment. Methods To divide 80 teeth of single-root canal teeth having chronic apical periodontitis randomly into four groups according to the vehicles（physiological saline, iodine glycerin, camphorated para-monochlorophenol and camphorated para-monochlorophenol/iodine glycerin）, observing the clinical effect after 7 days, bacterial colony numbers of root canal contents before and 7 days after calcium hydroxides dressing, clinical duration of root canal treatment. Results The camphorated para-monochlorophenol/iodine glycerin is the most effective vehicle of calcium hydroxides among four groups（P<0.01）, and there is no significant difference between iodine glycerin and camphorated para-monochlorophenol group（P>0.05）. Conclusions This research suggested that camphorated paramonochlorophenol/ iodine glycerin is the most clinically effective vehicle of calcium hydroxides for root canal disinfection during physiological saline, iodine glycerin, camphorated para-monochlorophenol and camphorated paramonochlororophenol/ iodine glycerin. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical observation of deep dental wedge-shaped defects with three different methods Chen Ping. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  153-154.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.004 Abstract ( 1530 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF（pc） (113KB) ( 1195 )   Save Objective To explore better materials and methods for restoring deep dental wedge-shaped defects. Methods 486 teeth in 189 cases with wedge-shaped defects were randomly divided into three groups which were restored with glass inomer cement restoration, light-cured composite resin restoration and the sandwich technique respectively. Evaluation was made after restoration for 1 to 2 years respectively. Results The successful rates of glass inomer cement restoration, light-cured composite resin restoration and the sandwich technique after 1 to 2 years were 89.66%, 84.72%, 93.46% and 69.17% , 82.22%, 90.28% respectively. The successful rate of the sandwich technique group was higher than that of the other two groups. Conclusion The clinical curative effect of the sandwich technique for restoring deep dental wedge-shaped defects was better. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of erythritol and xylitol on the adherence of Streptococcus mutans Yang Xiujuan, Yao Jun. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  155-158.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.005 Abstract ( 1312 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (210KB) ( 976 )   Save Objective To study the inhibitory effect of erythritol by contrast to xylitol on the adherence of Streptococcus mutans（S.mutans）. Methods S.mutans were incubated respectively in mass fraction of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% erythritol or xylitol culture medium and the negative control group in TPY liquid medium tubes under anaerobic conditions for 24 hours. Wash the tubes in which there were S.mutans biofilms with phosphate buffer solution （PBS） for 3 times. Add PBS into the tubes, then put them on ultrasonic oscillator. Collect stock solutions in the tubes and dilute them in the ratio of 10%, then take 50 μL and anaerobic culture on TPY solid medium for 48 hours. Compare the inhibitory effect of erythritol and xylitol through colony-forming unit（CFU） value which was got by colony counting method. The S.mutans CFU value curves of erythritol, xylitol and negative control group were made. Results The CFU values of erythritol group and xylitol group were significantly lower than that of the negative control group. The CFU values gradually decreased while the mass fraction of erythritol and xylitol increased. The two results mentioned above both had statistical significance. The CFU values of xylitol group were lower than that of erythritol group in the same mass fraction of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%. But the CFU values of erythritol group and xylitol group in mass fraction of 2% and 4% did not have significant difference. Conclusion Erythritol and xylitol have inhibitory effects on the adherence of S.mutans. And the effects enhance as mass fraction increase. The inhibitory effects of erythritol and xylitol have no significant difference in mass fraction of 2% and 4%, while the inhibitory effect of xylitol are better than that of erythritol in mass fraction of 6% and 8%. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation analysis between cephalometric indexes and the posed smile of the teenagers Zheng Yuanhua, Wang Jun, He Jianmin, Li Zhenya. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  159-162.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.006 Abstract ( 1064 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (231KB) ( 1325 )   Save Objective The purpose of this study was to show whether there are some differences between the orthodontists’esthetic judgements on posed smile and those of the laypersons’, thus broaden the understanding of how facial soft and hard tissues related to the esthetics of the teenagers’smiles. Methods Images of the posed smile were captured from Canon EOS 50D digital video clips of 60 teenagers（30 girls, 30 boys） who have normal occlusions. The images of the smile were judged by panels of orthodontists and laypersons, using the visual analog scale（VAS）. Quantitative measurements of the soft and hard tissues were made by using cephalometric radiographs. Statistical analysis（SPSS 13.0） was carried out on data which were gained from cephalometric radiographs. Results 1）Judgements have significant differences between orthodontists and those of the laypersons. 2）The esthetic judgements of orthodontists negatively correlated with SNA, SNB and positively correlated with U1-L1. The esthetic posed smile judgements of laypersons positively correlated with MP angle, PP-MP angle and lip and chin groove angle. Conclusion 1）The study showed that there were significant differences between the orthodontists’esthetic judgements on posed smile and those of the laypersons’. More communication between them was needed when planning orthodontic treatment. 2）It was suggested that the orthodontists should pay special attention to adjust the protrusion of the facial profile and the aesthetics of the lower 1/3 of the face when treating-maloccluded patients with corrective orthodontics. Related Articles | Metrics

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Meta-analysis of periodontal treatment on glycaemic control of type 2 diabetic associated periodontitis patients Liu Caiyun1, Sun Jian2, Meng Yang3, Zeng Xiantao4, Zhou Jing1, Pang Guangming1. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  163-167.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.007 Abstract ( 1125 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (378KB) ( 1122 )   Save Objective To evaluate the effect of periodontal therapy on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetic associated periodontitis patients, and explore the role of periodontal therapy in the treatment of diabetes. Methods Studies of periodontal therapy on glycaemic control in diabetic patients were searched in Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials（Central）, Medline, EMbase, SIGLE, GreyNet, NTIS, CBMdisc, VIP, CNKI and Wanfang data from 1991 to April 31, 2011. The studies’selection, extraction and evaluation were performed by two reviewers independently, and meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.1 software. A total of 7 studies involving 471 participants were included in the review. Results Periodontal treatment could lead to a significant reduction in glycosylated hemoglobin level. The difference between the groups was significant（95%CI: -0.94 to -0.22, P= 0.001）. And the periodontal probing depth in the treatment group was lower than those of the control group, the difference between the groups was also statistically significant（95%CI: -2.26 to -0.69, P=0.000 2）. Conclusion Periodontal treatment could improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetic associated periodontitis patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of sonicated extracts of Porphyromonas gingivalis on the viabilities of human periodontal ligament cells Feng Qin, Zhang Fengqiu, Sun Zheng. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  168-171.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.008 Abstract ( 1291 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF（pc） (235KB) ( 1123 )   Save Objective To evaluate the effects of sonicated extracts of Porphyromonas gingivalis（P.gingivalis） on the viabilities of human periodontal ligament cells（hPDLC）. Methods In the experimental group, hPDLC obtained by the tissue culture were treated by sonicated extracts in different concentrations（6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 mg·L－1） for 24 hours. In the negative control group, hPDLC were treated without sonicated extracts. Furthermore, hPDLC were exposed to 12.5 mg·L－1 sonicated extracts for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, while hPDLC in the negative group were cul - tured for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h without sonicated extracts. Cell viabilities in two groups were determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium method and use SPSS 13.0 package for one-way analysis of variance and independent sample t-test. Results Sonicated extracts for hPDLC as the concentration of 6.25-50 mg·L－1, exposed for 24 h, the hPDLC viabilities of experimental group were lower than those of the negative group. When hPDLC were exposed to 12.5 mg·L－1 sonicated extracts, in the 24-96 h, the hPDLC viabilities of experimental group were lower than those of the control group. Conclusion Porphyromonas gingivalis can lead to decreased viabilities of hPDLC in vitro, in a dose and time dependent. Related Articles | Metrics

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Tongue adenoid cystic carcinoma：A case report Lei Qi, Wang Yan, Teng Jijun, Wang Haiping. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  172-173.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.009 Abstract ( 1370 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (129KB) ( 1563 )   Save Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a kind of low-grade malignant tumor which from large and small saliary gland or upper respiratory tract mucous gland，with a strong aggressive, often growing along and invading the nerves. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck is rare, more rarely, occurred in the tongue. This paper reported one case occurred at the root of the adenoid cystic carcinoma, and discussed combining with document on its pathological clinical features and diagnosis, treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of neutral zone technique in denture making Shao Qi1, Sun Huiqiang1，2, Deng Yannan1, Wan Haoyuan1. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  174-176.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.010 Abstract ( 1328 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (264KB) ( 1511 )   Save Neutral zone technique is constructive to stability of complete denture, especially in patient with severe alveolar absorption. However, it has not been universally applied domestically. The article introduces this technique through this case report of denture manufacture, as well as a refined method of pronouncing molding method and discusses the application of neutral zone technique in internal clinic. Related Articles | Metrics

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A method for the construction of a 3D finite element model with higher efficiency Liu Zhenzhang1, Yuan Xiaoping2. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  177-179.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.011 Abstract ( 1221 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF（pc） (292KB) ( 2170 )   Save The construction of a dental model is a prerequisite for finite element method（FEM） analysis in orthodontics, however so far no research has focused on the detailed discussion of the modeling process. This study adopted the higher level modeling and finite element analysis software package to construct one tooth model with higher efficiency and precision, and intended to demonstrate the basic rationale of a FEM modeling process. It is expected this study be a guide for the researchers in this field. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on distraction osteogenesis in treatment of cleft palate deformities Yu Ruixue1, Wang Dawei1, Chen Yiyang2. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  180-183.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.012 Abstract ( 1116 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF（pc） (178KB) ( 905 )   Save Cleft palate is one of the most common congenital deformities, which may do harm to the function of stomatological system and psychological health. Repairing bone defect of cleft palate has been focused by researchers. Distraction osteogenesis（DO） is one of the new techniques of repairing maxillofacial deformity. Using DO to repair bone defect of cleft palate is proved to be effective. This article introduced the device of distraction, timing, design of the operation, complications and prognosis. We also reviewed the investigation and application of DO on hard palate closure and lengthening, alveolar cleft closure and maxillary retrusion correcting. Related Articles | Metrics

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Population aging and oral health strategy Cheng Qian, Wu Hongkun. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  184-186.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.013 Abstract ( 1234 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (107KB) ( 1025 )   Save Chinese aging population is growing rapidly and the elderly is an increasing proportion of the total. The extension of the life-span combined with the development of geriatric dentistry results in increased retention of natural teeth and higher risk of dental diseases within older patients. As a part of general health, dental health has an essential role in maintaining and improving the quality of life of the elderly. This review emphasizes on the current demographic situation, the impacts of aging population, and the relevant countermeasures. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on mechanisms and regulations of bone resorption in orthodontic tooth movement Bao Xingfu, Hu Min. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  187-189.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.014 Abstract ( 1314 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF（pc） (114KB) ( 1022 )   Save Osteoclast is responsible for bone resorption in the compression side of orthodontic tooth movement. Regulations to differentiation and mature of osteoclast may provide new horizons of tooth movement control in orthodontic treatment. At the same time, it is helpful to know the similar mechanisms of root resorption. Related Articles | Metrics

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Alveolar distraction osteogenesis vs. vertical guided bone regeneration for the correction of vertical bone deficiency Zhang Xiaodan, Hu Danqing, Ping Feiyun. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  190-193.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.015 Abstract ( 1148 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (178KB) ( 840 )   Save Numerous surgical procedures concerning vertical and horizontal bone augmentation emerge with the rapid development of dental implant surgery. Many patients have the problem of vertical bone deficiency, however, compared to horizontal bone augmentation, vertical bone augmentation is more complex and unpredictable and induces more complications. Therefore, vertical bone augmentation gains increased attention in both clinical and basic research field. Distraction osteogenesis and guided membrane regeneration are two commonly conducted vertical bone augmentation surgical procedures under intensive investigation. In this review, we evaluated these two procedures in a clinical perspective and evaluated them according to their augmentation efficiency, bone resorption and implantation success. Related Articles | Metrics

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Growth inhibition factors for the bacteria consist of dental plaque biofilm Wu Guitang, Zhou Lili, Liu Xingrong Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  194-197.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.016 Abstract ( 1212 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (146KB) ( 1680 )   Save The existence of bacteria in dental plaque is the precondition for dental caries to occur. Many inhibition factors（IF） lie in oral cavity restrain bacteria to grow and form dental plaque. These inhibition factors usually come from host and bacteriocin which generated by kinds of cariogenic bacteria, and also from kinds of metabolized product. This review mainly introduced research progress on the species and function of IF in growth of caries-related bacteria. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influencing factors for extrinsic stainability of resin composite Zhang Lili, Xing Wenzhong, Liang Shanshan, Jiang Tao. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  198-201.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.017 Abstract ( 1121 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (131KB) ( 1691 )   Save Resin composite is widely used in dentistry. However, their long-term instability of color has become one of the most disadvantages for restoration. The major influencing factors for extrinsic stainability of resin composite include the components of resin composite, the degree of conversion, colorants, surface roughness and processes for removing the stains. The object of the review is to summarize the influencing factors mentioned above. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative analysis of traditional radiographs and cone beam CT volumetric images in the diagnosis of impacted teeth Zhou Yali1, Wang Xuxia2, Zhang Jun1,2. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  202-204.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.018 Abstract ( 1414 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (135KB) ( 984 )   Save The impacted tooth can lead to some complications, so this situation often requires early intervention treatment. Preoperative must determine the impacted teeth’s position within the jaw, teeth shape, and locations of adjacent teeth and maxillary relationship in order to determine the correct treatment. The cone beam computed tomography（CBCT） is a new image technique, which develops speedy in recent years. It can provide fast accurate three-dimensional image to make up the scarcity of traditional planar image technique. This article will make a summary about the traditional planar image technique, CBCT and so on, and compare their advantages and disadvantages in the diagnosis of impacted tooth in order to provide help for the clinical application. Related Articles | Metrics

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The factors influencing vertical root fracture during root canal treatment Meng Deting, Lin Zhiyong. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  205-207.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.019 Abstract ( 1423 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (108KB) ( 1422 )   Save Vertical root fracture occurs most often after root canal treatment, has no obvious clinical symptoms of specificity, and often no obvious symptoms, early diagnosis is difficult, and often missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis occurs, so we proceed from the perspective of the etiology of root canal treatment for each step in the process of the impact of vertical root fracture were reviewed for clinical practice information to reduce the incidence of vertical root fracture, root canal therapy to improve long-term success rate. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances on NaClO and MTAD removing the smear layer as root canal irrigation Zhang Ran. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  208-210.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.020 Abstract ( 1453 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF（pc） (112KB) ( 1847 )   Save MTAD is a new kind of root canal irrigation, which is the mixture of tetracycline isomer, an acid and detergent. NaClO and MTAD have an important effect on removing smear layer. This paper reviewed the process on the aspects of NaClO and MTAD used as root canal irrigation which could remove smear layer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of postextraction socket site preservation in implantology Yang Mingde, Tang Yi. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  211-213.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.021 Abstract ( 1519 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (104KB) ( 2418 )   Save The preservation of height and width dimensions and the soft tissue around the postextraction socket is very significant to place an implant. After teeth extraction, the newly formed bone in the alveolar ridge cannot reach the original level in three dimensions, particularly in bone level of the buccal which results in the scarcity of bone when the implants are placed. The purpose of the preservation of the sites of the alveolar ridge and the soft tissue will help maintain height and width dimensions and soft tissue around the alveolar ridge. The method will provide the enough three-dimension capacity of bone and the aesthetic shape. The purpose of this article is to summarize the method and transplantable material of the preservation of the sites of the alveolar ridge and the soft tissue in the field of dental implant. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on maxillofacial blast injury Chen Zhibiao, Xin Pengfei, Xu Bing. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  214-216.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.022 Abstract ( 1030 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF（pc） (101KB) ( 909 )   Save Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between autoimmunity and periodontitis Huang Wei, Zhao Lei, Wu Yafei. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  217-220.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.023 Abstract ( 1951 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (138KB) ( 1677 )   Save Periodontitis is a destructive disease of periodontal tissue caused by microbial infection that often appears as an excessive immunoinflammatory response in local periodontal tissue. There is some evidence in literature supporting the possibility that autoimmunity may be involved in the complex regulation of host immune response in periodontitis. The possible mechanism involves: Activation of B-1 cell, generation of autoantibody and autoreactive T cell and immunostimulation of periodontal pathogen. The article is to review the relationship between autoimmunity and periodontitis. Related Articles | Metrics

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C-reactive protein and its connection with type 2 diabetes and periodontitis Liu Man, Hou Qingzhong. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  221-223.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.024 Abstract ( 1212 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF（pc） (111KB) ( 1099 )   Save C-reactive protein（CRP） is a kind of protein which appears in the acute period of an inflammatory disease. Recent studies showed that CRP is closely related to type 2 diabetes and periodontitis. This article sums up the CRP’s biological characteristics and its correlative research with type 2 diabetes and periodontitis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between tumor suppressor genes Aplysia Ras homolog- Ⅰ and oral cancer Zhang Xue1, Li Yijun2, Chen Yingxin2. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  224-225.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.025 Abstract ( 1044 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF（pc） (125KB) ( 1043 )   Save Aplysia Ras homologues（arh）-Ⅰgenes involved in cell cycle regulation and signaling pathways of transmission, thus the negative regulation of cell growth and induce programmed cell death. arh-Ⅰgene in ovarian, breast and pancreas cancer cells in both the loss of expression, arh-Ⅰgene and tumor formation and development are closely related. This article on the arh-Ⅰgene location and structure, mechanism and relationship with cancer research are reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of the caseinolytic protease on the ability of Streptococcus mutans to cause dental caries Wang Tuo, Yu Danni. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  226-229.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.026 Abstract ( 1180 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF（pc） (147KB) ( 1258 )   Save Streptococcus mutans is known as a primary pathogen of dental caries, it not only has an advantage over amount, but also has a strong ability to produce and resist acid. However, forming biofilms to adhere to the surface of the teeth is the most important step. The caseinolytic protease is a kind of heat shock protein, which mediates the proteolysis. This protease can remove the denatured proteins in the bacterial and play a particular role in biofilm formation and stress response reaction of the bacterial. Related Articles | Metrics

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Three-dimensional finite element method in restoration of dentition defect Cheng Lin, He Huiyu. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  230-232.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.027 Abstract ( 1015 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (107KB) ( 1043 )   Save Three-dimensional finite element method is a method applied in many fields of theoretical mechanics analysis. It is introduced since the inception of dentition defect, through computer simulations, it can be more precisely calculate the prosthesis to the force within each region condition with a small error and be set of parameters, etc., showing a stress test analysis of other advantages are unparalleled, so more and more applications to the restoration of the force response simulation and forecasts. The three-dimensional finite element method have been applied in a variety of fixed dentition defect restoration, restoration activities, fixed-activities joint retainers, implant stress analysis and other aspects of the situation in recent years will be reviewed in this article. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the biosafety of nickel containing alloys used in orthodontics Li Hua, Hu Min. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  233-236.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.028 Abstract ( 966 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (131KB) ( 691 )   Save Nickel containing alloys have been widely used in the provision of various forms of dental care. Furthermore, these alloys are commonly used in orthodontic applications, such as brackets, arch wires, bands, springs and ligature wires. Nickel containing alloys are almost along with the whole process of orthodontic treatment. As materials used for human body, biosafety of dental material is now a fundamental requirement of successful clinical behavior in oral cavity. Nowadays, corrosion and the potential toxicity of nickel containing alloys has been taken seriously with the developing of health awareness. This article reviewed recent studies of the biosafety of nickel containing alloys, the variables included the release of nickel ion from alloys, the sensitization, cytotoxicity, the carcinogenecity and the adverse reactions to other organs of nickel containing alloys. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evidence-based decision making in asymptomatic third molars management Hua Fang, Li Xin, He Hong. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  237-240.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.029 Abstract ( 1348 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (134KB) ( 901 )   Save Third molars are the most common impacted teeth and associated with a variety of pathologies. The main treatment for third molars is extraction. There have already been well-established indications for removal of symptomatic third molars, however, controversies still exist with regard to the question whether asymptomatic third molars should be removed. Evidence-based medicine asks doctors to apply the most recent and sound evidence into their clinical practice in order to better serve the patients. The purpose of this paper was to provide recent ponderable evidence to help dentists reevaluate the possible pathology of retained asymptomatic third molars and the potential harm caused by prophylactic removal, and then make a rational evidence-based decision. Related Articles | Metrics

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Periodontitis of alveolar bone loss and T cells Dai Lina, Zhang Ping. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  241-243.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.030 Abstract ( 1386 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (150KB) ( 1180 )   Save Periodontitis of alveolar bone loss is a common inflammatory destructive periodontal disease that leads to loss of the supporting structures of the teeth. T lymphocytes play an important role in the occurrence and development of periodontal disease. On one hand, T cells activated by antigens of periodontal pathogens are necessary for immune defense against periodontal pathogens. On the other hand, activated T cell is not only important regulator of activation or maturation of osteoclasts and bone resorption, but also the important damage cells in periodontal alveovar bone loss. This review elutidated the research progress on periodontitis of alveolar bone loss, T cells in the alveolar bone loss in periodontal diseases, T cells and interferon-γ on the role of osteoclasts. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the cell regulation mechanisms of chronic toxicity of dental casting alloys Zhao Fei, Wang Ge. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  244-247.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.031 Abstract ( 1127 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF（pc） (143KB) ( 1040 )   Save Dental casting alloys have been widely used in dental restorations. Due to the complex microenvironment in the mouth, the corrosion of dental casting alloys leads to the release of elements from alloys for prolonged time. Previous studies have shown that the release of ions from alloys is directly related to chronic adverse biological effects on the surrounding tissues and cells. The adverse effects contain local undesirable reactions and systemic symptoms, however, the dates available about the incidence of systemic symptoms are regarded as scarce, so the local adverse reactions of metal ions released from alloys have become the focus extensively investigated. This article addressed the toxic effects of metallic ions released from casting alloys as well as the cell regulation mechanisms are reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on release system of bone morphogenetic protein and collagen Zhang Quan, Deng Feilong. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  248-251.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.032 Abstract ( 1000 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (132KB) ( 911 )   Save Bone morphogenetic protein（BMP） is a kind of bioactive molecules with the ability to induce new bone formation, combined with a variety of biological materials to create various delivery systems for clinical bone repair. The establishment and application of the release system of BMP and collagen is the focus of current research, among which the binding mode of BMP and collagen is the most important. In this paper, the commonly used collagen materials of the release system of BMP and collagen as well as the binding mode of BMP and collagen are reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of growth factors on the periodontal tissue remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement Peng Peng, Cai Ping. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  252-256.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.033 Abstract ( 1253 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF（pc） (161KB) ( 813 )   Save Orthodontic tooth movement is achieved by the periodontal tissue remodeling in response to mechanical loading and is believed to be mediated by several host mediators. With the development of modern experimental techniques, the researchers have been able to investigate the biological characteristics of orthodontic tooth movement at the molecular and genetic level. The growth factor is one of the most important cytokines which play an important role in the periodontal tissue remodeling. Therefore, a thoroughly awareness of the extensional regulatory mechanism of growth factors is essential to understand the biological behaviour of orthodontic tooth movement, and to the application of growth factors in orthodontic clinic. This article reviews the research progress of the biological foundation and the periodontal tissue responses during orthodontic tooth movement and effects of growth factors on the periodontal tissue remodeling. Related Articles | Metrics

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Association between epigenetic modification and periodontal diseases Lei Dan, Jiang Su, Wu Yafei, Zhao Lei. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  257-259.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.034 Abstract ( 1132 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF（pc） (147KB) ( 1031 )   Save Periodontitis is a multifactorial infection characterized by inflammation and destruction of tooth supporting tissues, the main cause of tooth lost. The pathogenesis is complex. Not only the periodontal pathogens and its metabolites damage the tooth supporting tissues directly, but also trigger immune response. Cytokines are producted during the immune response. In recent years, some researches demonstrated that the expressing of cytokines gene was regulated by epigenetic modification. Owing to cytokines, epigenetic modification has something to do with the periodontitis. In this review, the epigenetic modification involved in periodontitis and research progress were discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Pathomechanism of phenytoin-induced gingival over-growth Xiao Juan, Zhao Hui, Liu Fuxiang. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  260-264.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.035 Abstract ( 1357 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF（pc） (174KB) ( 922 )   Save Phenytoin sodium is widely used to cure antiepileptic, trigeminal neuralgia, sciatica, paroxysmal choreoathetosis, myotonia, arrhythmia, hypertension and so, but a common and well-known adverse effect of its administration is gingival over -growth which may influence the aesthetics and oral function. The pathogenesis of Phenytoin sodium-induced gingival over-growth is not very clear now. This review summarized the mechanism of Phenytoin sodium-induced gingival over-growth, fibroblast cell proliferation and programmed cell death, collagen homeostasis, extracellular matrix accumulation and inflammation mechanism. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effective releasing way of growth factors in periodontal tissue regeneration Wang Cha, Xu Yan. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  265-268.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.036 Abstract ( 1181 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF（pc） (139KB) ( 982 )   Save Growth factors, which are fundamental regulators of tissue repair, play an essential role in periodontal tissue regeneration. But we can’t receive desired results when applying them directly for their short elimination half-life in vivo. For this reason, many domestic and international scholars are exploring the ways to make growth factors releasing sustainable and effective. Preparing growth factor controlled-release microspheres and using intelligent controlled-release carrier materials can make growth factors released slowly and sustainable; genetic engineering, which integrates target gene of growth factors into target cells by carriers, also can make growth factors expressing sustainable and limited in cells and tissues. Both methods are expected to solve the problem that growth factors can’t play their biological role effectively. This paper will make a review on setting up sustained and controlled release system and gene therapy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Molecular mechanism of sclerostin on bone remoldling Lin Tingting, Lu Eryi. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  269-272.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.037 Abstract ( 1209 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (138KB) ( 2135 )   Save Sclerostin is a negative regulator of osteoblasts. It is expressed exclusively by osteocytes which is transported to osteoblasts at the bone surface to inhibit bone formation. The mechanism of the sclerostin on bone is related to Wnt signaling pathway. The expression of sclerostin is also affected by the hormone, mechanical strain and hypoxia. The antibody to sclerostin has the ability to stimulate osteoblast activity and increase the bone mass, but the curative effect and safety need to estimate. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the arch form in orthodontics Zhang Lin, Duan Peipei, Chen Yangxi. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  273-276.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.038 Abstract ( 1368 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF（pc） (135KB) ( 2042 )   Save The size and shape of the arch wire used in orthodontic treatment have considerable implications on the treatment effect, treatment cycle and the stability of the dentition. Using improper arch wire may cause mismatching of shape among dental arch, alveolar arch and basal arch, affecting the equilibrium of teeth between tongue and circumoral muscle forces. This always leads to relapse. Arch form relative to orthodontic therapy has been examined in various studies, including the classic and individual arch wire form. The aim of the article is to give a review on the relevant researches about the combination of the classic and individual arch wire form. The theory, practical applications and problems of these methods are described. Related Articles | Metrics

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Histological changes on damage of the roots and surrounding structures with miniscrew implants Li Jianhua, Lin Xinping. Inter J Stomatol. 2012, 39 (2):  277-280.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.039 Abstract ( 1857 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF（pc） (129KB) ( 1943 )   Save Anchorage control is important for efficient orthodontic treatment. Osseointegration of implant -bone encouraged orthodontists to use implants as stationary anchorage. However, it has some defects such as root damage. This article was to explain factors significantly contributing to damage; histological changes and turnover of the damage, location-related factors（vertical position, sagittal position, placement side）, implant-related factors（material, length, diameter）, insertion-related factors（mode, direction, moment） and orthodontic-related factors（mode of loading） have positive effects on the damage. After mini-screw contacts the tooth, the majority show repair and almost complete healing within a few weeks after removal of the screw or the orthodontic force without complications. Related Articles | Metrics