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Table of Content

    01 November 2018, Volume 45 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue
    Expert Forum
    A concept of returning to the therapeutic nature in treatment and restoration of the edentulous cases
    Chang-hong Hu
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  621-627.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.001
    Abstract ( 1271 )   HTML ( 75 )   PDF(pc) (5371KB) ( 1392 )   Save

    The edentulous jaw is one of the most difficult prosthodontic cases. To cure and to rehabilitate should be the two core management principles, determined by the complexity and particularity of this kind of cases. This article sets out from the clinical difficulty and the present clinical status of edentulous case restoration, one by one analyzes and clarifies the importance of pre-restoration examination and diagnosis, clinical difficulty prediction, and how to make a scientific and rational treatment plan. Besides, a new technique called treatment denture is introduced in this article. The treatment denture is an effective pre-restoration solution for intractable edentulous cases.

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    RNA Research
    Effects of long non-coding RNA lnc-p26090 on the glycolysis and proliferation in oral squamous cell carcinoma
    Yuanyuan Li,Bin Cheng,Yun Wang
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  628-634.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.002
    Abstract ( 970 )   HTML ( 22 )   PDF(pc) (2245KB) ( 344 )   Save

    Objective To investigate the long non-coding RNA lnc-p26090 expression level in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues and cell lines. To explore the effect of lnc-p26090 on OSCC cells glycolysis and proliferation.Methods Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the relative expression level of lnc-p26090 in OSCC tissues and cell lines. Then we searched the UCSC and LNCipedia websites to obtain the chromosome location and protein coding capacity of lnc-p26090. Moreover, we transfected the plasmid into HEK 293T cell to confirm the protein coding capacity of lnc-p26090. After silencing lnc-p26090 in OSCC cell lines, we detected the glucose consumption, lactic acid production and expression level of glycolysis related genes. Furthermore, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry and western blot were performed to examine the effect of lnc-p26090 on proli-feration and cell cycle distribution.Results lnc-p26090 was highly expressed both in OSCC tissues and cell lines. lnc-p26090 located in chro-mosome 2p11.2, without protein coding capacity. Silencing lnc-p26090 significantly repressed the glucose consumption, lactic acid production of cells. Moreover, the expression level of glycolysis related genes: pyruvate kinase M2, phosphofructokinase M, hexokinase 2, glucose transporter 1 and lactate dehydrogenase A were decreased after lnc- p26090 knockdown in cells. Furthermore, when downregulating lnc-p26090 in cells, proliferation was inhibited, and cell-cycle was blocked in G1 phase. At the meanwhile, cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 expression level was decreased and p21 was increased significantly.Conclusion lnc-p26090, which located in chromosome 2p11.2, was upregulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines. It could be involved in the glycolysis and proliferation of OSCC.

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    Advances in long non-coding RNA regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in oral squamous cancer
    Yiting Wang,Yongwen He
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  635-639.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.003
    Abstract ( 811 )   HTML ( 19 )   PDF(pc) (1085KB) ( 253 )   Save

    Oral cancer is the sixth most common malignancy in the world, and its invasion and metastasis is the leading cause of death. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to epithelial tumour cells play an important role because they can obtain mesenchymal phenotype and enhance the migration and invasion of tumour cells in tumorigenesis, development and metastasis. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and its associated signalling pathways have become new participants in the induction and regulation of EMT in tumour metastasis. In this paper, the latest research of several lncRNAs involved in EMT regulation of oral cancer is reviewed.

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    Mechanism of microRNA modulation of cartilage differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells
    Dingli Feng,Lidan Zhuo,Di Lu,Hongyan Guo
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  640-645.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.004
    Abstract ( 603 )   HTML ( 21 )   PDF(pc) (1095KB) ( 614 )   Save

    microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level mainly through incomplete base-pairing. There are many different miRNA expressions in mesenchymal stem cells during the process of differentiation, and such expressions play an important role in the regulation of cartilage differentiation. In recent years, the possibility of miRNA becoming a target for the treatment of cartilage diseases has prompted researchers to investigate the role of miRNAs in the development of cartilage. In this paper, we review the expression of miRNAs during differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell cartilage and the specific roles of miRNAs in the process of cartilage differentiation.

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    Investigative progresses of microRNA in oral squamous cell carcinoma
    Chuan Fang,Yadong Li
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  646-651.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.005
    Abstract ( 907 )   HTML ( 21 )   PDF(pc) (3454KB) ( 697 )   Save

    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a series of noncoding single-stranded RNA molecules encoded by endogenous genes that affect post-transcriptional gene regulation. Aberrant expression of miRNA involved in oral squamous cell carcinomas is related to tumour growth, cellular apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, radiosensitivity and chemosensitivity. Such aberrant expression regulates target genes or signalling pathways and can potentially be applied to clinic as a kind of biomarker in early diagnosis and prognosis. Accordingly, this review generalizes the association between ectopic miRNA and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Simultaneously, it summarizes the axis, namely, miRNA-target gene/downstream-signaling pathway-tumorous effect, and forecasts the prospect of clinical application.

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    Materials
    Clinical applications of polyetheretherketone in stomatology
    Shengnan Qin,Hui Jia,Ying Li
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  652-656.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.006
    Abstract ( 2073 )   HTML ( 37 )   PDF(pc) (1112KB) ( 778 )   Save

    As a polymer material, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has good mechanical properties, stable chemical properties and excellent biocompatibility. In recent years, PEEK has been applied to clasp and scaffold materials of removable partial denture, fixed denture, maxillofacial prostheses, implant abutment, and it has the potential to be used in implant, micro implant anchorage and orthodontic arch wire in the future. This paper aims to summarize the current applications and potential applications of PEEK and its composites in stomatology.

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    Research progress on polyetheretherketone in oral implantology and prosthodontics
    Xi Chen,Haiyang Yu
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  657-665.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.007
    Abstract ( 2255 )   HTML ( 50 )   PDF(pc) (1334KB) ( 1069 )   Save

    Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a linear aromatic polymer with excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability. PEEK has been widely used in aerospace, automobile and precision instrument manufacturing, and other high-tech fields. In addition, the reliable bio-safety, suitable elastic modulus, and good surface properties of PEEK materials have made it widely used in the medical field. Currently, the application of PEEK and its attraction among scholars are gradually increasing in stomatology applications, such as implants, temporary abutment, and fixed and removable denture materials. In this article, the research progress of PEEK on oral implantology and prosthodontics is reviewed.

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    Research progress on natural scaffold in the regeneration of dental pulp tissue engineering
    Longbiao Li,Chenglin Wang,Ling Ye
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  666-672.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.008
    Abstract ( 1069 )   HTML ( 28 )   PDF(pc) (1317KB) ( 848 )   Save

    Tissue engineering has brought new possibilities for dental pulp regeneration. Scaffold materials play an important role in it, and have attracted more and more attention. Natural scaffold material is a biodegradable material extracted from animal or plant tissue, which is characterized by high similarity with extracellular matrix, or itself as part of extracellular matrix, usually with good bioactivity, hydrophilicity, and compatibility of material and cell interface. At present, the scaffolds for the research of dental pulp tissue engineering animal experiment or clinical application are all natural scaffold materials. This article reviews the research progress on the classification, advantages and disadvantages and application of various natural scaffold materials in the regeneration of dental pulp tissue engineering.

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    Mechanism and application of osteogenesis induced by graphene and its derivatives modified composite materials
    Tingting Li,Yufeng Zhang,Ruoxi Wang,Zhiqing Huang,Lü Xie,Yifan Xue,Yulan Wang
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  673-677.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.009
    Abstract ( 981 )   HTML ( 17 )   PDF(pc) (1080KB) ( 779 )   Save

    For a long time, autogenous bone graft is widely used in clinic and was verified to be effective in treating bone defects, but this technique is not perfect for the difficulty in healing of the donate site, immune rejection and infection. Bone tissue engineering approaches aims to aid the regeneration of bone tissues by filling the bone defects with different scaffolds which is able to induce the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells. It is reported in former researches that graphene coating can significantly enhance the biocompatibility, cell adhesion and differentiation of scaffolds. In this review, we focused on the application of scaffolds modified with graphene and its derivatives to promote osteogenic differentiation published in recent years to providing new ideas for bone tissue regeneration.

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    Original Articles
    Effects of salidroside on proliferation, apoptosis, cycle and migration of human tongue cancer CAL-27 cells
    Zhiqiang Wang,Yali Liu,Lijuan Ma,Lan Yang,Ruoyu Wang,Shuting Gao
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  678-685.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.010
    Abstract ( 927 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF(pc) (4083KB) ( 465 )   Save

    Objective To investigate the influence of salidroside on human tongue cancer cells (CAL-27) proliferation and migration.Methods 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-di-phenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), flow cytometry instrument technique, Western blot and Transwell methods were used to detect the effect of salidroside for CAL-27 cell proliferation, apoptosis, cycle and migration.Results With increasing salidroside concentration and time, the influence on CAL-27 cell proliferation increased gradually, and the cell survival rate decreased obviously (P<0.05). With increasing salidroside concentration, the incidence of apoptosis of CAL-27 cell showed significant differences (P<0.05). Salidroside had a signifi-cant effect on the CAL-27 cell cycle and induced the period G0/G1 phase arrest of CAL-27 cell. With increasing salidroside concentration, CAL-27 cell migration was significantly reduced (P<0.05).Conclusion Salidroside affected proliferation, apoptosis, cycle and migration of human tongue cancer CAL-27 cells and had significant inhibitory effect in vitro.

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    Comparison of accuracies from different scanned objects of Co-Cr metal porcelain crowns fabricated with com-puter aided design/computer aided manufacture technique
    Ying Zhao,Liu Yang,Yu Xie,Yan Zhang,Wei Wei,Jiang Li
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  686-689.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.011
    Abstract ( 636 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF(pc) (1366KB) ( 687 )   Save

    Objective To evaluate the effects of different scanning objects on the accuracy of computer aided design (CAD)/computer aided manufacture (CAM) Co-Cr metal porcelain crowns.Methods Fifteen Co-Cr metal porcelain crown specimens were fabricated by CAD/CAM technology. According to different scanning objects: prepared teeth, silicone rubber and stone die, they were divided into experimental B groups (group B1, B2, B3). Five specimens of traditional lost wax casting were used as control (group A). Marginal fits (AMD point and MG point) and internal fits (CA point, AW point, AOT point and OA point) were measured by the micro-CT. Statistical analysis was performed via one-way ANOVA and paired-t-test.Results The AMD point’ marginal fits of the experimental B groups were smaller than group A (P<0.05), there was no statistic difference in MG point’ marginal fits between the experimental B groups and group A. The experimental B groups had smaller internal fits than group A except OA point. The internal fits of group B1, 2 were smaller than the group A at AOT, AW and OA points (P<0.05), except group B3 (P>0.05). There was no statistic difference in CA point’ internal fits between the experimental B groups and group A (P>0.05).Conclusion The accuracy of silicone rubber is higher than the prepared tooth and stone die. Comparing to the traditional casting, the CAD/CAM has better marginal and internal fits.

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    Clinical study of three dimensional measurement of upper airway in adult individual normal occlusion with different softwares
    Yitong Meng,Xiaodong Zhang
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  690-694.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.012
    Abstract ( 1296 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF(pc) (1039KB) ( 976 )   Save

    Objective To study difference between the three different measurement softwares for the same anatomic location of the upper airway, and analyse the reliability of the three measurement softwares.Methods The cone beam CT (CBCT) data of 48 normal individual occlusion volunteers were transformed into Mimics 17.0, Dolphin 11.8, and Invivo 5.1, and measured the area and the volume of their airways. Each tester measured by the same software for 3 times. Calculated the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), two way analysis of variance in order by the utilization of SPSS 24.0 statistical software to test the reliability and the statistical significance of different measuring methods.Results Individual normal occlusion CBCT volunteers were introduced into Mimics 17.0, Dolphin 11.8 and Invivo 5.1, finding no significant differences between thress softwares, therefore, they are comparable. The average ICC values of Mimics, Dolphin, Invivo were 0.944, 0.889, 0.807.Conclusion The measuring results of Mimics 17.0, Dolphin 11.8, and Invivo 5.1 were basically the same, and the reliability of three softwares were all high, but Mimics repeatability was the highest, followed by Dolphin, while Invivo was the lowest.

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    Establishment of a three-dimensional virtual dental patient and its application in esthetic restoration
    Xue Du,Fang Qu,Weicai Liu
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  695-702.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.013
    Abstract ( 1216 )   HTML ( 26 )   PDF(pc) (7419KB) ( 917 )   Save

    Objective To explore a feasible digital workflow to enhance the multi-disciplinary diagnosis and treatment (MDT) by establishing three-dimensional (3D) virtual dental patients in esthetic restoration.Methods Patients in need of esthetic restoration in their anterior teeth were included in the study. Extra-oral facial scan, intra-oral scan, and cone beam computed tomography were integrated to establish 3D virtual dental patients, and were then connected with existing computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing equipment. Esthetic restoration was finished with a complete digital workflow to allow the digital design, outcome prediction, and fabrication of definitive restoration from a facial perspective.Results The complete digital workflow of esthetic restorations in MDT mode was successfully established. Esthetic restoration was made feasible through the establishment of 3D virtual dental patients.Conclusion The complete digital workflow undoubtedly provides a new clinical pathway for complicated cases. It is greatly significant for planning esthetic restoration, implant surgery, orthognathic surgery, and orthodontic treatment. The method is useful in reducing appointments and clinical procedures and in improving the therapeutic effect and patient satisfaction.

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    Reviews
    Research progress on the relationship between periodontitis and sclerostin
    Caiwei Xu,Yi Xue,Zhongyin Wu
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  703-709.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.014
    Abstract ( 791 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF(pc) (1125KB) ( 679 )   Save

    Alveolar bone resorption is one of the main pathological changes brought about by periodontitis. Sclerostin is characterized by suppressing bone formation. Sclerostin antibody could promote bone formation. Sclerostin is involved in the occurrence and progression of periodontitis. This paper reviews the progress of research on the relationship between sclerostin and periodontitis.

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    Progress of salivaomics in diagnosis of oral cancer
    Qian Li,Ping Zhang,Jiao Chen,Xin Zeng,Yun Feng
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  710-715.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.015
    Abstract ( 879 )   HTML ( 14 )   PDF(pc) (1090KB) ( 806 )   Save

    Saliva analysis has long been considered a potential alternative to blood serum and urine analyses. This body fluid is gaining popularity due to its ease of collection, safety in handling, low cost and high efficiency. Salivaomics includes six diagnostic alphabets: salivary genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, microbiomics and microRNA (miRNA). Saliva contains extensive biological information, thereby playing important role in the early diagnosis of oral disorder and several systemic diseases. Direct contact between saliva and oral cancer lesions makes measurement of tumour markers in saliva an attractive alternative to serum testing. Salivaomics may offer a robust alternative for clinicians in making clinical decision in the future. This article provides an updated review on the progress of salivaomics in oral cancer diagnosis.

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    Interleukin-35 and its relationship with oral diseases
    Fang Liu,Yang Cai
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  716-722.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.016
    Abstract ( 969 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF(pc) (1115KB) ( 679 )   Save

    Interleukin (IL)-35 is a novel inhibitory cytokine produced by regulatory T (Treg) cells, which is the newest member of the IL-12 family of heterodimeric cytokines and offers the potential to be a target for new therapies for autoimmune, inflammatory, and infectious diseases. Unlike its proinflammatory relatives, IL-35 can contribute to the induction of new regulatory T and B cell populations and induce anti-inflammatory effects through inhibition of both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells responses. IL-35 is likely to become a new cytokine research hotspot, for its role in oral diseases.

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    Application of simulated pulpal pressure in dentine-bonding research
    Xin Tan,Haiyang Yu
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  723-727.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.017
    Abstract ( 806 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF(pc) (1356KB) ( 524 )   Save

    As a new and practical method for dentine-bonding research, simulated pulpal pressure method is an effective tool for dental researchers to evaluate the natural degradation of the bond between dentine and adhesives. Dentine-bonding has become crucial to the wide use of resin fillings and inlays, crowns, and post-and-core restorations. However, conclusions for changing the dentine bonding and its mechanism under simulated pulpal pressure remain controversial. This article contains a brief review of factors influencing dentine bonding under simulated pulpal pressure, and how they corporately act on the bond interface. Moreover, this article discusses the measures to reduce the detrimental effects of simulated pulpal pressure on dentine bonding.

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    Research progress on three dimensional finite element analysis method in inlay restorations
    Lu Huang,Jie Qian
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  728-733.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.018
    Abstract ( 1085 )   HTML ( 16 )   PDF(pc) (1091KB) ( 532 )   Save

    Minimally invasive concept proposed in 21st century has become the development direction of tooth defect restoration. In the research and development of new biological materials, the use of inlay has become one of the preferred approaches to repair tooth defect. Three dimensional finite element method provides a convenient and effective method to study tooth restoration from the view of biomechanics, as well as maximize the preservation of teeth, reduce tooth fracture, prolong the restoration of life, and provide a theoretical basis for design optimization. This work reviewed finite element method, including the design of inlay cavity, material, and bonding layer.

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    Application of quartz crystal microbalance in stomatological research
    Mingdi Huang,Wei Teng
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  734-738.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.019
    Abstract ( 803 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF(pc) (1132KB) ( 492 )   Save

    Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is a kind of sensor with high precision and real time measurement, and it detects the trace changes in quality using the principle of piezoelectric effect. It can perceive the quality change of the nanogram level, thus it’s widely used in molecular biology, diagnosis and treatment of disease, pharmaceutical analysis, organic chemistry, environmental monitoring, food hygiene supervision and other fields. This paper mainly introduces the detection principle of QCM and its applications in stomatological research, including polymer electrolyte membrane and coating modification, protein adsorption, implant antibacterial, saliva and dental plaque formation.

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    Advances in the status of parental acceptance of treatment under dental general anesthesia for children
    Jin Zhao,Guangyun Lai,Jun Wang
    Inter J Stomatol. 2018, 45 (6):  739-744.  DOI: 10.7518/gjkq.2018.06.020
    Abstract ( 1133 )   HTML ( 15 )   PDF(pc) (1030KB) ( 725 )   Save

    Because all necessary treatments can be completed during a single visit, dental general anesthesia (DGA) has been accepted by most doctors and parents in foreign countries. Since the application of DGA in China, an increasing number of parents have chosen or accepted this technique to solve children’s dental problems. Rational utilization of DGA in children can prevent pain and negative emotions during treatment, increase treatment efficiency, and improve quality of life. However, many parents still do not accept DGA and eventually give up dental treatment for their children due to their lack of knowledge about general anesthetics, leading to treatment delays and deterioration of their children’s oral health. This article mainly summarizes the status of parental acceptance of treatment under DGA, the factors affecting parental acceptance of DGA, and the cognitive mistakes of parents in children’s DGA.

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