牙周正畸联合治疗的研究进展

doi:10.7518/gjkq.2024049

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

成年人中牙周病患病率高，成年人的正畸比例也逐年增加，因此牙周健康状况与正畸治疗的关系成为临床医生关注的重点，牙周正畸联合治疗的模式逐渐形成。对于严重牙周炎伴病理性牙齿移位的病例，正畸治疗可以提高和稳定常规牙周治疗的疗效。常规牙周治疗可以规避正畸治疗中的牙周风险，保障牙周组织健康，有助于实现正畸治疗的平衡、稳定及美观目标。本文主要从正畸治疗与牙周健康的关系、正畸治疗在牙周病系统治疗中的应用、正畸治疗中的牙周护航三方面来阐述牙周正畸联合治疗在促进牙周健康方面的应用进展。

关键词: 牙周病, 牙周正畸联合治疗, 牙周风险, 牙周健康

Abstract:

The prevalence rate of periodontal diseases is high among adults. The proportion of adults seeking orthodontic treatment increases every year; therefore, the relationship between periodontal health status and orthodontic treatment has become the focus of clinicians. The mode of combined orthodontic-periodontal treatment has gradually formed. For severe periodontitis with pathologic tooth migration, orthodontic treatment can improve and stabilize the effect of conventional periodontal treatment. Conventional periodontal treatment can prevent periodontal tissue risks associated with or-thodontic treatment, ensure the health of periodontal tissue, and contribute to the balance, stability, and aesthetics of or-thodontic treatment. This article briefly demonstrates the research progress on combined orthodontic-periodontal treatment in promoting periodontal health from three aspects: the relationship between orthodontic treatment and periodontal health, the application of orthodontic treatment in periodontal system treatment, and periodontal escort for orthodontic treatment.

Key words: periodontal disease, combined orthodontic-periodontal treatment, periodontal tissue risk, periodontal health

中图分类号:

李东娜, 翟浩嫣, 刘春艳. 牙周正畸联合治疗的研究进展[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2024, 51(3): 326-336.

Dongna Li, Haoyan Zhai, Chunyan Liu. Research progress on combined orthodontic-periodontal treatment[J]. Int J Stomatol, 2024, 51(3): 326-336.

参考文献 114

1	Di Stefano M, Polizzi A, Santonocito S, et al. Impact of oral microbiome in periodontal health and periodontitis: a critical review on prevention and treatment[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2022, 23(9): 5142.
2	Han NN, Liu YT, Du J, et al. Regulation of the host immune microenvironment in periodontitis and pe-riodontal bone remodeling[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2023, 24(4): 3158.
3	Hirschfeld J, Reichardt E, Sharma P, et al. Interest in orthodontic tooth alignment in adult patients affected by periodontitis: a questionnaire-based cross-sectional pilot study[J]. J Periodontol, 2019, 90(9): 957-965.
4	Slots J. Periodontitis: facts, fallacies and the future[J]. Periodontol 2000, 2017, 75(1): 7-23.
5	Graziani F, Karapetsa D, Alonso B, et al. Nonsurgical and surgical treatment of periodontitis: how many options for one disease[J]. Periodontol 2000, 2017, 75(1): 152-188.
6	李海霞. 牙周基础治疗联合正畸干预在牙周病患者中的应用及对美观的影响研究[J]. 系统医学, 2021, 6(4): 133-136.
	Li HX. Application of basic periodontal treatment combined with orthodontic intervention in patients with periodontal disease and its influence on aesthe-tics[J]. Syst Med, 2021, 6(4): 133-136.
7	Saccomanno S, Saran S, Laganà D, et al. Motivation, perception, and behavior of the adult orthodontic patient: a survey analysis[J]. Biomed Res Int, 2022, 2022: 2754051.
8	郭钰, 徐辉, 厉松. 青少年及成年人骨开窗、骨开裂发生率比较的CBCT研究[J]. 北京口腔医学, 2021, 29(6): 361-365.
	Guo Y, Xu H, Li S. Fenestration and dehiscence in patients with different ages assessed by cone-beam computed tomography[J]. Beijing J Stomatol, 2021, 29(6): 361-365.
9	张蕊, 陈曦. 成人正畸初诊患者骨开裂率及骨开窗率的研究[J]. 全科口腔医学电子杂志, 2019, 6(9): 10-11, 14.
	Zhang R, Chen X. Study on the rate of bone crac-king and fenestration in adult patients with initial orthodontic diagnosis[J]. Electron J Gen Stomatol, 2019, 6(9): 10-11, 14.
10	Yagci A, Veli I, Uysal T, et al. Dehiscence and fenestration in skeletal Class Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ malocclusions assessed with cone-beam computed tomography[J]. Angle Orthod, 2012, 82(1): 67-74.
11	Verrusio C, Iorio-Siciliano V, Blasi A, et al. The effect of orthodontic treatment on periodontal tissue inflammation: a systematic review[J]. Quintessence Int, 2018, 49(1): 69-77.
12	Masella RS, Meister M. Current concepts in the bio-logy of orthodontic tooth movement[J]. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 2006, 129(4): 458-468.
13	Boas Nogueira AV, Chaves de Souza JA, Kim YJ, et al. Orthodontic force increases interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor‑α expression and alveolar bone loss in periodontitis[J]. J Periodontol, 2013, 84(9): 1319-1326.
14	娜荷雅, 黄晓峰. 正畸治疗后长期稳定性及其相关因素研究进展[J]. 北京口腔医学, 2016, 24(6): 349-352.
	Na HY, Huang XF. Research progress on long-term stability after orthodontic treatment and its related factors[J]. Beijing J Stomatol, 2016, 24(6): 349-352.
15	Javali MA, Betsy J, Al Thobaiti RSS, et al. Relationship between malocclusion and periodontal disease in patients seeking orthodontic treatment in southwestern Saudi Arabia[J]. Saudi J Med Med Sci, 2020, 8(2): 133-139.
16	Mago G, Agarwal R. Orthodontic treatment and periodontal health: a systemic review[J]. Int J Res Health Allied Sci, 2021, 7(2): 4-7.
17	王诗莹, 顾新华. 种植前辅助正畸治疗的临床应用研究进展[J]. 浙江大学学报(医学版), 2020, 49(1): 124-130.
	Wang SY, Gu XH. Progress on clinical application of orthodontic-implant combined therapy[J]. J Zhe-jiang Univ (Med Sci), 2020, 49(1): 124-130.
18	Al-Zubair N. Orthodontic intrusion: a contemporary review[J]. J Orthod Res, 2014, 2(3): 118.
19	Omer RS, Mohammad CA. The effect of fixed or-thodontic appliance therapy on periodontal health status and salivary cytokine levels[J]. J Duhok Univ, 2022, 25(2): 269-282.
20	李菲, 范红, 延泽宁. 正畸治疗对口腔细菌微生态的影响[J]. 现代口腔医学杂志, 2022, 36(3): 192-196.
	Li F, Fan H, Yan ZN. Effect of orthodontic treatment on oral bacterial microecology[J]. J Mod Stomatol, 2022, 36(3): 192-196.
21	Rath-Deschner B, Nogueira AVB, Beisel-Memmert S, et al. Interaction of periodontitis and orthodontic tooth movement-an in vitro and in vivo study[J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2022, 26(1): 171-181.
22	殷冉, 潘亚萍. 正畸对牙周软硬组织影响的研究进展[J]. 口腔医学, 2021, 41(4): 381-384.
	Yin R, Pan YP. Research progress of the effect of orthodontics on periodontal soft and hard tissues[J]. Stomatology, 2021, 41(4): 381-384.
23	Murrell EF, Yen EHK, Johnson RB. Vascular chan-ges in the periodontal ligament after removal of or-thodontic forces[J]. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 1996, 110(3): 280-286.
24	Erbe C, Heger S, Kasaj A, et al. Orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised patients: a systematic review[J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2023, 27(1): 79-89.
25	Zhang B, Cai M, Ruan F, et al. Study on the effects of orthodontics on anterior tooth displacement in patients[J]. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2022, 2022: 6544895.
26	白玉兴. 浅谈正畸治疗中牙周健康的重要性[J]. 中华口腔医学杂志, 2021, 56(10): 951-954.
	Bai YX. Periodontal support and escort for healthy orthodontic treatment[J]. Chin J Stomatol, 2021, 56(10): 951-954.
27	Papageorgiou SN, Antonoglou GN, Michelogiannakis D, et al. Effect of periodontal-orthodontic treatment of teeth with pathological tooth flaring, drif-ting, and elongation in patients with severe perio-dontitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis[J]. J Clin Periodontol, 2022, 49(): 102-120.
28	孙迟佳, 赵丽琴, 赵越. 正畸联合牙周基础治疗在牙周病临床治疗中的效果分析[J]. 中外医疗, 2020, 39(33): 75-77.
	Sun CJ, Zhao LQ, Zhao Y. Analysis of the effect of orthodontics combined with basic periodontal treatment in clinical treatment of periodontal disease[J]. China Foreign Med Treat, 2020, 39(33): 75-77.
29	Gkantidis N, Christou P, Topouzelis N. The ortho-dontic-periodontic interrelationship in integrated treatment challenges: a systematic review[J]. J Oral Rehabil, 2010, 37(5): 377-390.
30	中华口腔医学会. 维护牙周健康的中国口腔医学多学科专家共识(第一版)[J]. 中华口腔医学杂志, 2021, 56(2): 127-135.
	Chinese Stomatological Association. Consensus of Chinese stomatological multidisciplinary experts on maintaining periodontal health (first edition)[J]. Chin J Stomatol, 2021, 56(2): 127-135.
31	Yamaguchi M, Fukasawa S. Is inflammation a friend or foe for orthodontic treatment? Inflammation in orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption and accelerating tooth movement[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22(5): 2388.
32	Liu C, Sharpe P, Volponi AA. Applications of rege-nerative techniques in adult orthodontics[J]. Front Dent Med, 2023, 3: 1100548.
33	韩雪莹, 田文姝, 张佐, 等. 牙槽骨厚度及牙移动中解剖界限的研究进展[J]. 宁夏医学杂志, 2022, 44(5): 475-477.
	Han XY, Tian WS, Zhang Z, et al. Research pro-gress of alveolar bone thickness and anatomical boundary in tooth movement[J]. Ningxia Med J, 2022, 44(5): 475-477.
34	Solomon SM, Sufaru IG, Teslaru S, et al. Finding the perfect membrane: current knowledge on barrier membranes in regenerative procedures: a descriptive review[J]. Appl Sci, 2022, 12(3): 1042.
35	Sallum EA, Ribeiro FV, Ruiz KS, et al. Experimental and clinical studies on regenerative periodontal therapy[J]. Periodontol 2000, 2019, 79(1): 22-55.
36	Liu XZ, He X, Jin DW, et al. A biodegradable multifunctional nanofibrous membrane for periodontal ti-ssue regeneration[J]. Acta Biomater, 2020, 108: 207-222.
37	Woo HN, Cho YJ, Tarafder S, et al. The recent advances in scaffolds for integrated periodontal rege-neration[J]. Bioact Mater, 2021, 6(10): 3328-3342.
38	朱敏姬, 滕英, 潘慧琦, 等. 正畸牙周联合治疗对牙周炎患者咬合创伤改善的研究[J]. 当代医学, 2022, 28(4): 180-182.
	Zhu MJ, Teng Y, Pan HQ, et al. Study on the improvement of occlusal trauma in patients with pe-riodontitis by combined orthodontic treatment with periodontal[J]. Contemp Med, 2022, 28(4): 180-182.
39	Tu CC, Lo CY, Chang PC, et al. Orthodontic treatment of periodontally compromised teeth after pe-riodontal regeneration: a restrospective study[J]. J Formos Med Assoc, 2022, 121(10): 2065-2073.
40	Passanezi E, Janson M, Janson G, et al. Interdisciplinary treatment of localized juvenile periodontitis: a new perspective to an old problem[J]. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2007, 131(2): 268-276.
41	武芳珍, 王晋. 牙周组织再生术联合口腔正畸用于牙周炎治疗的效果观察[J]. 甘肃科技, 2022, 38(17): 84-86.
	Wu FZ, Wang J. Effect of periodontal tissue regene-ration combined with orthodontics in the treatment of periodontitis[J]. Gansu Sci Technol, 2022, 38(17): 84-86.
42	温飞利. 牙周组织再生术与口腔正畸联合应用牙周炎患者中的临床效果研究[J]. 中外医疗, 2022, 41(7): 56-59.
	Wen FL. Study on the clinical effect of combined application of periodontal tissue regeneration and orthodontics in patients with periodontitis[J]. China Foreign Med Treat, 2022, 41(7): 56-59.
43	李琼, 杜娟, 张文娟, 等. 牙周组织再生术联合口腔正畸治疗牙周炎的疗效及对牙周指数、炎症反应的影响[J]. 临床与病理杂志, 2022, 42(10): 2490-2496.
	Li Q, Du J, Zhang WJ, et al. Efficacy of periodontal tissue regeneration combined with orthodontic treatment on periodontitis and its influence on periodontal indexes and inflammatory response[J]. J Clin Pathol Res, 2022, 42(10): 2490-2496.
44	Li Y, Zhan Q, Bao MY, et al. Biomechanical and biological responses of periodontium in orthodontic tooth movement: up-date in a new decade[J]. Int J Oral Sci, 2021, 13(1): 20.
45	Alfuriji S, Alhazmi N, Alhamlan N, et al. The effect of orthodontic therapy on periodontal health: a review of the literature[J]. Int J Dent, 2014, 2014: 585048.
46	Martin C, Celis B, Ambrosio N, et al. Effect of or-thodontic therapy in periodontitis and non-periodontitis patients: a systematic review with meta-analysis[J]. J Clin Periodontol, 2022, 49(): 72-101.
47	Ericsson I, Thilander B, Lindhe J, et al. The effect of orthodontic tilting movements on the periodontal tissues of infected and non-infected dentitions in dogs[J]. J Clin Periodontol, 1977, 4(4): 278-293.
48	Ericsson I, Thilander B. Orthodontic forces and recurrence of periodontal disease[J]. Am J Orthod, 1978, 74(1): 41-50.
49	Carvalho CV, Saraiva L, Bauer FPF, et al. Orthodontic treatment in patients with aggressive periodontitis[J]. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2018, 153(4): 550-557.
50	Li Y, Jacox LA, Little SH, et al. Orthodontic tooth movement: the biology and clinical implications[J]. Kaohsiung J Med Sci, 2018, 34(4): 207-214.
51	Zasčiurinskienė E, Basevičienė N, Lindsten R, et al. Orthodontic treatment simultaneous to or after pe-riodontal cause-related treatment in periodontitis susceptible patients. Part Ⅰ: clinical outcome. A randomized clinical trial[J]. J Clin Periodontol, 2018, 45(2): 213-224.
52	Vincent-Bugnas S, Borsa L, Gruss A, et al. Prioritization of predisposing factors of gingival hyperplasia during orthodontic treatment: the role of amount of biofilm[J]. BMC Oral Health, 2021, 21(1): 84.
53	Gursoy UK, Sokucu O, Uitto VJ, et al. The role of nickel accumulation and epithelial cell proliferation in orthodontic treatment-induced gingival overgrowth[J]. Eur J Orthod, 2007, 29(6): 555-558.
54	Simon CP, Motoc AGM, Simon GA, et al. Gingival proliferative growth-stress and cytoarchitecture related with fixed and mobile orthodontic therapy[J]. Rom J Morphol Embryol, 2020, 61(4): 1287-1294.
55	Jepsen K, Sculean A, Jepsen S. Complications and treatment errors involving periodontal tissues rela-ted to orthodontic therapy[J]. Periodontol 2000, 2023, 92(1): 135-158.
56	Lione R, Pavoni C, Noviello A, et al. Conventional versus laser gingivectomy in the management of gingival enlargement during orthodontic treatment: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Eur J Orthod, 2020, 42(1): 78-85.
57	Sun LY, Yuan LJ, Wang B, et al. Changes of alveolar bone dehiscence and fenestration after augmen-ted corticotomy-assisted orthodontic treatment: a CBCT evaluation[J]. Prog Orthod, 2019, 20(1): 7.
58	Mandelaris GA, Neiva R, Chambrone L. Cone-beam computed tomography and interdisciplinary dentofacial therapy: an American academy of periodontology best evidence review focusing on risk assessment of the dentoalveolar bone changes influenced by tooth movement[J]. J Periodontol, 2017, 88(10): 960-977.
59	Evangelista K, Vasconcelos KDEF, Bumann A, et al. Dehiscence and fenestration in patients with Class Ⅰ and Class Ⅱ Division 1 malocclusion assessed with cone-beam computed tomography[J]. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2010, 138(2): 133.e1-133.e7, 133-135.
60	Guo RZ, Zhang LW, Hu ML, et al. Alveolar bone changes in maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Orthod Craniofac Res, 2021, 24(2): 165-179.
61	Pangrazio-Kulbersh V, Jezdimir B, de Deus Hau-ghey M, et al. CBCT assessment of alveolar buccal bone level after RME[J]. Angle Orthod, 2013, 83(1): 110-116.
62	Abdelaziz D, Hefnawy A, Al-Wakeel E, et al. New biodegradable nanoparticles-in-nanofibers based me-mbranes for guided periodontal tissue and bone regeneration with enhanced antibacterial activity[J]. J Adv Res, 2021, 28: 51-62.
63	Kim YK, Ku JK. Guided bone regeneration[J]. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2020, 46(5): 361-366.
64	Oltramari PV, de Lima Navarro R, Henriques JF, et al. Orthodontic movement in bone defects filled with xenogenic graft: an experimental study in minipigs[J]. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2007, 131(3): 302.e10-302.e17.
65	Amit G, Jps K, Pankaj B, et al. Periodontally acce-lerated osteogenic orthodontics(PAOO)-a review[J]. J Clin Exp Dent, 2012, 4(5): e292-e296.
66	Chen ZL, Zhou H, Zhang KL, et al. The clinical efficacy of periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics in patients with bone fenestration and dehiscence: a retrospective study[J]. Head Face Med, 2022, 18(1): 40.
67	Han Y, Miao LL, Liu J, et al. Periodontal soft tissue increase induced by periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics surgery[J]. BMC Oral Health, 2022, 22(1): 506.
68	Reichert C, Kutschera E, Nienkemper M, et al. Influence of time after extraction on the development of gingival invagination: study protocol for a multicenter pilot randomized controlled clinical trial[J]. Trials, 2013, 14: 108.
69	Miao YL, Chang YC, Tanna N, et al. Impact of frontier development of alveolar bone grafting on or-thodontic tooth movement[J]. Front Bioeng Biotechnol, 2022, 10: 869191.
70	Joss-Vassalli I, Grebenstein C, Topouzelis N, et al. Orthodontic therapy and gingival recession: a systematic review[J]. Orthod Craniofac Res, 2010, 13(3): 127-141.
71	Abdelhafez RS, Talib AA, Al-Taani DS. The effect of orthodontic treatment on the periodontium and soft tissue esthetics in adult patients[J]. Clin Exp Dent Res, 2022, 8(1): 410-420.
72	Jati AS, Furquim LZ, Consolaro A. Gingival recession: its causes and types, and the importance of orthodontic treatment[J]. Dental Press J Orthod, 2016, 21(3): 18-29.
73	Renkema AM, Fudalej PS, Renkema A, et al. Deve-lopment of labial gingival recessions in orthodontically treated patients[J]. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2013, 143(2): 206-212.
74	Lee JB, Baek SJ, Kim M, et al. Correlation analysis of gingival recession after orthodontic treatment in the anterior region: an evaluation of soft and hard tissues[J]. J Periodontal Implant Sci, 2020, 50(3): 146-158.
75	Kan JY, Morimoto T, Rungcharassaeng K, et al. Gingival biotype assessment in the esthetic zone: visual versus direct measurement[J]. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent, 2010, 30(3): 237-243.
76	Vlachodimou E, Fragkioudakis I, Vouros I. Is there an association between the gingival phenotype and the width of keratinized gingiva? A systematic review[J]. Dent J, 2021, 9(3): 34.
77	Scheyer ET, Sanz M, Dibart S, et al. Periodontal soft tissue non-root coverage procedures: a consensus report from the AAP Regeneration Workshop[J]. J Periodontol, 2015, 86(2 ): S73-S76.
78	Chen J, Lv JS, Zhang F, et al. Efficacy of periodontal soft tissue augmentation prior to orthodontic treatment on preventing gingival recession: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial[J]. BMJ Open, 2022, 12(12): e058942.
79	束蓉. 正畸治疗与牙周软组织增量[J]. 中华口腔医学杂志, 2020, 55(7): 444-447.
	Shu R. Orthodontic treatment and periodontal soft tissue augmentation[J]. Chin J Stomatol, 2020, 55(7): 444-447.
80	Bertl K, Melchard M, Pandis N, et al. Soft tissue substitutes in non-root coverage procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2017, 21(2): 505-518.
81	Cairo F, Nieri M, Pagliaro U. Efficacy of periodontal plastic surgery procedures in the treatment of localized facial gingival recessions. A systematic review[J]. J Clin Periodontol, 2014, 41(): S44-S62.
82	Rivera Circuns AL, Camilla Tulloch JF. Gingival invagination in extraction sites of orthodontic patients: their incidence, effects on periodontal health, and orthodontic treatment[J]. Am J Orthod, 1983, 83(6): 469-476.
83	Robertson PB, Schultz LD, Levy BM. Occurrence and distribution of interdental gingival clefts follo-wing orthodontic movement into bicuspid extraction sites[J]. J Periodontol, 1977, 48(4): 232-235.
84	Sharif Moqadam A, Arash V, Mirzaie M, et al. Effect of alveolar ridge preservation with PDFDBA on orthodontic tooth movement rate, formation of gingival invagination and root resorption: a rando-mized, controlled pilot study[J]. Biomed Pharmacol J, 2016, 9(3): 1229-1235.
85	Edwards JG. The prevention of relapse in extraction cases[J]. Am J Orthod, 1971, 60(2): 128-141.
86	Gölz L, Reichert C, Jäger A. Gingival invagination-a systematic review[J]. J Orofac Orthop, 2011, 72(6): 409-420.
87	Diedrich P, Wehrbein H. Orthodontic retraction into recent and healed extraction sites. A histologic study[J]. J Orofac Orthop, 1997, 58(2): 90-99.
88	Reichert C, Kutschera E, Plötz C, et al. Incidence and severity of gingival invaginations associated with early versus late initiation of orthodontic space closure after tooth extraction: a multicenter pilot and randomized controlled trial[J]. J Orofac Orthop, 2017, 78(5): 415-425.
89	Meeran NA. Iatrogenic possibilities of orthodontic treatment and modalities of prevention[J]. J Orthod Sci, 2013, 2(3): 73-86.
90	Gölz L, Reichert C, Dirk C, et al. Retrospective investigation of gingival invaginations[J]. J Orofac Orthop, 2012, 73(5): 387-396.
91	王晓宇, 吴亚菲, 赵蕾. 牙龈内陷的研究进展[J]. 中华口腔医学杂志, 2018, 53(11): 780-783.
	Wang XY, Wu YF, Zhao L. The research progress in gingival invagination[J]. Chin J Stomatol, 2018, 53(11): 780-783.
92	Diedrich PR. Guided tissue regeneration associated with orthodontic therapy[J]. Semin Orthod, 1996, 2(1): 39-45.
93	Kolte AP, Kolte RA, Bawankar P. Proximal contact areas of maxillary anterior teeth and their influence on interdental papilla[J]. Saudi Dent J, 2018, 30(4): 324-329.
94	Tanaka OM, Furquim BD, Pascotto RC, et al. The dilemma of the open gingival embrasure between maxillary central incisors[J]. J Contemp Dent Pract, 2008, 9(6): 92-98.
95	Kurth JR, Kokich VG. Open gingival embrasures after orthodontic treatment in adults: prevalence and etiology[J]. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2001, 120(2): 116-123.
96	An SS, Choi YJ, Kim JY, et al. Risk factors associa-ted with open gingival embrasures after orthodontic treatment[J]. Angle Orthod, 2018, 88(3): 267-274.
97	Tarnow DP, Magner AW, Fletcher P. The effect of the distance from the contact point to the crest of bone on the presence or absence of the interproximal dental papilla[J]. J Periodontol, 1992, 63(12): 995-996.
98	Kim YK, Kwon EY, Cho YJ, et al. Changes in the vertical position of interdental papillae and interseptal bone following the approximation of anterior teeth[J]. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent, 2014, 34(2): 219-224.
99	Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang JH, et al. IPR treatment and attachments design in clear aligner therapy and risk of open gingival embrasures in adults[J]. Prog Orthod, 2023, 24(1): 1.
100	Wahbi MA, Al Sharief HS, Tayeb H, et al. Minimally invasive use of coloured composite resin in aesthetic restoration of periodontially involved teeth: case report[J]. Saudi Dent J, 2013, 25(2): 83-89.
101	Kaushik A, Pk P, Jhamb K, et al. Clinical evaluation of papilla reconstruction using subepithelial connective tissue graft[J]. J Clin Diagn Res, 2014, 8(9): ZC77-ZC81.
102	Jaiswal P, Bhongade M, Tiwari I, et al. Surgical reconstruction of interdental papilla using subepithe-lial connective tissue graft (SCTG) with a coronally advanced flap: a clinical evaluation of five cases[J]. J Contemp Dent Pract, 2010, 11(6): E049-E057.
103	Tözüm TF. Root coverage with subepithelial connective tissue grafts and modified tunnel technique. An evaluation of long-term results[J]. N Y State Dent J, 2006, 72(4): 38-41.
104	Tözüm TF, Keçeli HG, Güncü GN, et al. Treatment of gingival recession: comparison of two techniques of subepithelial connective tissue graft[J]. J Perio-dontol, 2005, 76(11): 1842-1848.
105	Azzi R, Takei HH, Etienne D, et al. Root coverage and papilla reconstruction using autogenous osseous and connective tissue grafts[J]. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent, 2001, 21(2): 141-147.
106	Spano SJ, Ghilzon R, Lam DK, et al. Subperiosteal papilla augmentation with a non-animal-derived hyaluronic acid overlay technique[J]. Clin Adv Pe-riodontics, 2020, 10(1): 4-9.
107	Arunachalam LT, Merugu S, Sudhakar U. A novel surgical procedure for papilla reconstruction using platelet rich fibrin[J]. Contemp Clin Dent, 2012, 3(4): 467-470.
108	Yamada Y, Nakamura S, Ueda M, et al. Papilla regeneration by injectable stem cell therapy with regenerative medicine: long-term clinical prognosis[J]. J Tissue Eng Regen Med, 2015, 9(3): 305-309.
109	Rios HF, Bashutski JD, McAllister BS, et al. Emer-ging regenerative approaches for periodontal reconstruction: practical applications from the AAP rege-neration workshop[J]. Clin Adv Periodontics, 2015, 5(1): 40-46.
110	Al-Jasser R, Al-Subaie M, Al-Jasser N, et al. Rotational relapse of anterior teeth following orthodontic treatment and circumferential supracrestal fiberotomy[J]. Saudi Dent J, 2020, 32(6): 293-299.
111	Özbilen EÖ, Yılmaz HN, Köse KN. Orthodontic extrusion with circumferential supracrestal fiberotomy: a report of two cases[J]. Turk J Orthod, 2018, 31(4): 145-149.
112	Ahmed A, Fida M, Javed F, et al. Soft tissue lasers: an innovative tool enhancing treatment outcomes in orthodontics-a narrative review[J]. J Pak Med Assoc, 2023, 73(2): 346-351.
113	Kim SJ, Paek JH, Park KH, et al. Laser-aided circumferential supracrestal fiberotomy and low-level laser therapy effects on relapse of rotated teeth in beagles[J]. Angle Orthod, 2010, 80(2): 385-390.
114	Seki Yurdakul M, Meriç P. Retention in orthodontics: a review[J]. Int Dent Res, 2022, 12(2): 88-96.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

[1]	古丽其合热·阿布来提,秦旭,朱光勋. 线粒体自噬在牙周炎发生发展过程中的研究进展[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2024, 51(1): 68-73.
[2]	成益凡,秦旭,姜鸣,朱光勋. 牙周病中固有淋巴细胞的研究进展[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2023, 50(1): 32-36.
[3]	李伟光,吴亚菲,郭淑娟. 无机纳米粒子在牙周病诊疗中的研究进展[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2022, 49(6): 724-730.
[4]	李归平,秦旭,朱光勋. 腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶在牙周病发生发展中的研究进展[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2022, 49(3): 343-348.
[5]	曹正国. 修复治疗相关的牙周问题考量[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2022, 49(1): 1-11.
[6]	穆新月,刘树泰. 动机性访谈在牙周病患者临床管理中的应用进展[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2022, 49(1): 94-99.
[7]	白皓亮,杨禾,赵蕾. 牙周病风险评估及预后判断工具的研究进展[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2021, 48(6): 696-702.
[8]	周万航,李嫣斐,许日聪,万启军. 牙周非手术治疗对慢性肾脏病危险因素及全身炎症水平影响的Meta分析[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2021, 48(5): 528-535.
[9]	沈忆芬,刘超,汤颖,顾永春. 电子烟暴露对牙周健康影响的研究进展[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2021, 48(3): 347-353.
[10]	秦小茹,刘梦圆. 牙周病和心肌梗死发生风险相关性队列研究的Meta分析[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2021, 48(2): 165-172.
[11]	郏乐铭,贾小玥,杨燃,周学东,徐欣. 益生菌制剂在牙周病防治中的应用进展[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2020, 47(5): 515-521.
[12]	张琳琳,杜毅. 畸形舌侧沟的治疗进展[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2020, 47(4): 458-462.
[13]	刘琳,周婕妤,吴亚菲,赵蕾. 益生菌生态调节在牙周病防治中的应用[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2020, 47(2): 131-137.
[14]	程国平,丁一,郭淑娟. 静电纺丝纤维作为牙周药物传递系统的研究进展[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2019, 46(5): 565-570.
[15]	胡竹林,赵诣,李茵. 口腔龈沟液生物标志物的检测分析现状及临床应用前景展望[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2019, 46(3): 308-315.