关键词: 肾脏病, 慢性, 牙周组织, 骨代谢, 牙周炎

Abstract:

The early stages of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorders exhibit periosteal bone of jaw bones resorption, complete of partial disappearance ofperiodontal bony plates, thickening of cortical bone reduction, and the appearance of mental foramen, mandibular canal, and maxillary sinus anatomical structures. Periodontal bony plates also decreased or disappeared in 57.7% of hemodialysis patients with renal failure, maxillary osteoporosis, and local root bone sclerosis happened. Gingival crevicular fluid volume, osmotic pressure, plaque, and gingival index increasedin children with end-stage renal disease. Periodontal pathogens in chronic kidney disease patients were significantly higher than that of a healthy person. Thus, the risk of suffering from periodontal disease was higher. Plaque index, gingival index, and calculus index in hemodialysis patients significantly increased, and the severity of periodontal disease exacerbated with prolonged duration of dialysis. The calcium oxalate crystal deposition of periodontal ligament in patients with chronic kidney lead to bone absorption and destruction, further aggravated periodontal tissue damage, loosened teeth, and caused absorption of root outside, which resulted in tooth loss. Periodontal ligament and cementum injury and damage gradually increasedwith the progression of chronic kidney disease. Patients should undergo dental and kidney disease consultation before treatment of oral diseasesto determine the state of the disease, treatment options, complications, and the best treatment time. During the treatment of oral diseases, drugs for kidney damage, such as aminoglycosides and tetracyclines, should be avoided. For hemodialysis patients, treatment of oral diseases should be selected in non-dialysis sessionto reduce the risk of bleeding. Any optional treatment of oral diseases should be avoided in the first six months of renal transplant recipients.

Key words: kidney disease, chronic, periodontium, bone metabolism, periodontitis