牙龈卟啉单胞菌在阿尔兹海默症发生中作用的研究进展

doi:10.7518/gjkq.2022074

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

牙周炎是中老年人群高发的口腔疾病，与阿尔兹海默症的发病密切相关。近年来研究表明，牙周炎的主要致病菌牙龈卟啉单胞菌可能是阿尔兹海默症的重要风险因素之一。阿尔兹海默症部分患者的脑脊液和血清中可检测到牙龈卟啉单胞菌的DNA或特异性抗体。动物实验显示牙龈卟啉单胞菌或其毒性因子，如脂多糖、牙龈蛋白酶、肽基精氨酸脱亚胺酶等，可以使小鼠的学习和记忆能力降低。牙龈卟啉单胞菌通过释放多种炎性介质，干扰宿主的免疫功能，引起一系列免疫炎症反应而破坏宿主神经细胞的功能。本文对牙龈卟啉单胞菌在阿尔兹海默症病因学方面的相关研究进行系统梳理，为全面认识阿尔兹海默症的致病机制奠定基础。

关键词: 牙龈卟啉单胞菌, 阿尔兹海默症, 致病机制

Abstract:

Periodontitis is an oral disease with high incidence in middle-aged and elderly individuals. It is also closely related to the increased risk of Alzheimer ’ s disease. Recent studies suggest that Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), the main pathogen of periodontitis, may be one of the pathogenic factors for Alzheimer ’ s disease. The DNA or specific antibodies of P. gingivalis can be detected in the cerebrospinal fluid or serum of patients with Alzheimer ’ s disease. Animal experiments showed that P. gingivalis or its toxic factors, such as lipopolysaccharide, gingival protease and peptidyl arginine deiminase, could reduce the learning and memory ability of mice. P. gingivalis could interfere with the host immune function by releasing a variety of inflammatory mediators, which cause a series of immune inflammatory reactions and destroy the function of host nerve cells. This study systematically reviewed the recent progress of P. gingivalis in the aetiology of Alzheimer ’ s disease to lay a foundation for comprehensively understanding the pathogenesis of Alzheimer ’ s disease.

Key words: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Alzheimer ’ s disease, pathogenesis

中图分类号:

R 782

王冠儒,冯强. 牙龈卟啉单胞菌在阿尔兹海默症发生中作用的研究进展[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2022, 49(4): 397-403.

Wang Guanru,Feng Qiang.. Research progress on the role of Porphyromonas gingivalis on promoting the development of Alzheimer ’ s disease[J]. Int J Stomatol, 2022, 49(4): 397-403.

图/表 1

图 1

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