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20 July 2009, Volume 36 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The influence of L-arginine and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester synthase express XU Xu-jie, WU Li-ping Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  379-382.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.001 Abstract ( 1748 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF（pc） (256KB) ( 905 )   Save Objective To study the influence of L-arginine（L-arg） and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester（LNAME）on inducible nitric oxide synthase（iNOS） expression in compressed periodontium during orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Methods 60 male S-D rats were randomly divided into 3 groups and rat models with orthodontic appliances were established. Three groups received respectively subperiosteal injections of L-arg（L-arg group）, normal saline（NaCl group） and L-NAME（L-NAME group） at 2-day intervals. Rats were sacrificed at given time points. The maxilla tissue samples were collected and sliced up for immunohistochemistry and image analyses. Results All groups showed a similar iNOS expression after orthodontic force load and iNOS expression reached the maximum at day 7. No statistically significant difference was found in iNOS expression between different study groups at the same time point. Conclusion Both L-arg and L-NAME have no effect on the expression of iNOS in periodontal ligament during orthodontic tooth movement in rats. They may affect orthodontic periodontium remodeling and orthodontic tooth movement through some other ways. Related Articles | Metrics

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An electrochemical study on corrosion behavior of three alloys in artificial sali CHEN Zhi-hong, LIU Li, MAO Ying-jie Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  383-386.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.002 Abstract ( 2019 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (426KB) ( 1694 )   Save Objective To evaluate the corrosion behavior of Ni-Cr alloy with electroplated Au film in artificial saliva with different pH, compared with Ni-Cr alloy and Au alloy. Methods The electrochemical corrosion behavior of Ni-Cr alloy with electroplated Au film was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization curve in artificial saliva（pH5.0, 6.8, respectively） to determine the corrosion potential（Ecorr ） , self-corrosion current density（Icorr ） and polarization resistance（Rp）, as compared with Ni-Cr alloy and Au alloy. Microstructure and phase diffraction was examined by field scanning electron microscope（FSEM）. Results The Icorr of three alloys in acid artificial saliva （pH5.0） was significantly higher than that in neutral artificial saliva（pH6.8）. Meanwhile, the Rp in acid artificial saliva（pH5.0） was lower than that in neutral artificial saliva（pH6.8）. The results of FSEM showed that the range of corrosion widened in acid artificial saliva on the surface of Ni -Cr alloy coating Au. Conclusion In acid medium, the corrosion resistance of three kinds of alloys decrease to a certain extent. Related Articles | Metrics

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The analysis of occlusion in the treatment of youth bruxism with deep overbite us MA Hui-fen , LI Yu-chao , LIN Xue-fen , XU Long-bo , JI Ping Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  387-390.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.003 Abstract ( 2008 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (266KB) ( 1134 )   Save Objective To analyze the change of occlusion in the treatment of youth bruxism with deep overbite using flat bite plate. To find out the relation between occlusal changes and bruxism in order to invent new device to cure bruxism. Methods 8 cases who would not have orthodontic plan in the near future were chosen from the volunteers with bruxism and deep overbite. All the cases were treated with flat bite plates. Some occlual index of every patient were analysed prior, one month and three months after the treatment. Results Bruxism scores, the ratio of right and left bite force, premature contact, laterotrusive interference and retruded interference changed significantly one month and three months after the treatment. There was no significant changes in the degree of deep overbite and protrusive interference. Conclusion Flat bite plate is useful for youth bruxism with deep overbite. Occlusion has great relation to bruxism. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence on the structure of enamel by beyond cold light bleaching agents of hom FU Hui, REN Xiao-li, YANG Yan, YIN Lu Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  391-393，397.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.004 Abstract ( 1653 )   HTML ( 17 )   PDF（pc） (581KB) ( 1173 )   Save Objective The aim of this study was to compare the change of surface morphology, calcium phosphate weight ratio and microhardness on the enamel surface of removed teeth which were bleached by two kinds of cold light bleaching agents. Methods All removed teeth were divided into 2 groups according to two kinds of beyond cold light bleaching method: Homely agent and clinical agent. Using SEM to detect the change of surface morphology and calcium phosphate weight ratio, using microsclerometer to test the change of microhardness for four times: Shortly after bleaching, 1 week after bleaching, 2 week after bleaching, 3 week after bleaching. Results After bleaching, demineralizing appeared in both two groups. The enamel shortly after bleaching showed the lowest microhardness and calcium phosphate weight ratio than other period times, even obviously demineralized（P＜0.05）. However, the change of parameters would recover after 1 week and reach normal after 2 weeks. Conclusion Both the two cold light bleaching methods: Homely agent and clinical agent, will lead removed teeth to demineralizing, but mineralized soon after. All bleaching samples′ parameter will reach normal level at last and homely agent has lower demineralization than clinical agent. Related Articles | Metrics

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A study on the effects of Xipayiguyinye on oral bacteria and gingivitis in vitro LUO Ying, DING Yi, WANG Meng, YANG Heng, ZHU Zhu Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  394-397.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.005 Abstract ( 2758 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF（pc） (166KB) ( 3863 )   Save Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Xipayiguyinye on oral bacteria in vitro and gingivitis in vivo. It will provide references for the clinical application of Xipayiguyinye. Methods The minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC） of Xipayiguyinye on Porphyromonas gingivalis（P.gingivalis）, Prevotella intermedia（P.intermedia） and Fusobacterium nucleatum（F.nucleatum） was observed by agar dilution in vitro. Also, the effects of Xipayiguyinye on gingivitis was investigated on 50 volunteers in vivo. Results It showed in this study the MIC of Xipayiguyinye for P.gingivalis and F.nucleatum was 1.0 g/L, and for P.intermedia was 0.5 g/L. There was significant difference on the sulcus bleeding index（SBI） and plaque index（PLI） before and after taking medication in the trial group（P＜0.05）. Also, there was significant difference on the SBI and PLI between the trial group and the controll group after taking medication. Conclusion It can be concluded from this study that Xipayiguyinye has significant bacteriostasis on P.gingivalis, P.intermedia and F.nucleatum in vitro. It could decrease the accumulation of dental plaque, reduce bleeding index and improve the healthy status of the gingiva in vivo. Related Articles | Metrics

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Activity analysis of hyaluronidase in saliva of oral squamous cell carcinoma pati WANG Jing -xu, LIU Hai-chao, LIAO Gui-qing Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  398-400.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.006 Abstract ( 1798 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (128KB) ( 1222 )   Save Objective To evaluate the changes of the activity of HAase in saliva of oral squamous cell carcinoma（OSCC） patients. Methods HAase levels present in saliva of normal cases, OSCC patients and benign individuals were measured using ELISA -like assay. Results The means of HAase levels in saliva of OSCC patients were 2 to 3-fold elevated when compared to those of the normal cases and the benign individuals. And there was no significant difference between the benign tumors individuals and those of normal cases（P>0.05）. The cut-off level of HAase activity was defined as 5.0 U/L, and the HAase tests were showed 79.17% sensitivity, 65.00% specificity to detect OSCC patients. The HAase levels in saliva positively correlated with the TNM stages pathological grades and nodal metastasis of OSCC, not correlated with the pathological grades of OSCC（P>0.05）. Conclusion HAase plays an important role in the growth and metastasis of OSCC，and HAase in saliva can not be independently used in diagnosis of OSCC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical analysis of 62 cases of Warthin′s tumor of parotid gland LIU Hong-quan, ZHANG Jing, QI Zhi-qin Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  401-402.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.007 Abstract ( 2141 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF（pc） (81KB) ( 1531 )   Save Objective To sum up the characters of Warthin′s tumor of parotid gland. Methods Age, sex, history of smoking, characters of disease and clinical therapy of 62 cases of Warthin′s tumor were collected. Results Warthin′ s tumor always occurred in old males. The patients usually had long history of smoking in the best method of therapy to remove the tumor and partial parotidectomy. Conclusion Warthin′s tumor has obvious clinical characters so we should give a correct diagnosis and treatment to it. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical observation of tooth replantation for 89 cases of traumatic dislocation< WANG Guo-shun Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  403-404.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.008 Abstract ( 1478 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF（pc） (81KB) ( 974 )   Save Objective To observe tooth replantation for patients of traumatic dislocation, in order to summarize clinical experience. Methods 89 cases（107 teeth） were given replantation routine observation and analysis of 1 to 5 years. Results 78 cases had success, and the success rate was 87.6%. Conclusion The successful replantation attributes to the treatment time and the way to preserve. Grasping indications and reliable fixed methods can improve the successful rate. Related Articles | Metrics

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Wettability study of hydrophilic silicone oral impression materials SUI Lei, CHAO Yong-lie, WANG Pinting, ZHOU Min Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  405-408.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.009 Abstract ( 1788 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (149KB) ( 1199 )   Save Objective To reveal the wettability of hydrophilic silicone impression materials bydetecting static contact angle, dynamic contact angles and contact angle hysteresis. Methods 4 kinds of hydrophilic impression materials, which were AFFINIS MonoBody, ZEROSIL mono, Oranwash VL and HC, were studied, among which Oranwash VL was condensation silicone, while the others were addition silicone. Static contact angle was detected by means of sessile drop goniometry in the moment the water drop was released to the surface of materials, as well as 120 s later. Dynamic contact angles, including advancing contact angle and receding contact angle, were detected by means of tilting plate goniometry. And contact angle hysteresis was then calculated. Results Initial static contact angle of 4 silicone impression materials were all above 100°, while reducing to less than 90°120 s later except Oranwash VL. Static contact angles of 4 materials in ascending order were: AFFINIS MonoBody, HC, ZEROSIL mono and Oranwash VL. And the order of dynamic contact angles were basically the same to that of static contact angle, except that the difference between HC and ZEROSIL mono was not significant. However, there were no significant differences among contact angle hysteresis of the 3 kinds of addition silicone impression materials, while that of Oranwash VL was significantly higher than the others. Conclusion There were differences in wettability among the selected hydrophilic silicone impressionmaterials, especially when it came to addition sili-cones and condensation silicones. And to evaluate wettability of impression materials properly, static contact angle, dynamic contact angle and contact angle hysteresis all should be considered, instead of detecting static contact angle only. Related Articles | Metrics

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An X-ray observation of cancellous bone in femoral condyle of dog after being com ZUO Yanping, WANG Yong-yue, FU Yun-ting, ZHOU Ying Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  409-412.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.010 Abstract ( 1887 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (846KB) ( 1092 )   Save Objective This study simulated clinical implant surgery using squeeze technique by establishing a rational animal model. We investigated the X-ray image in order to observe the agglutination of the cancellous bone after being compressed. Methods The cancellous bone in condyles of femur of dog had been chosen as the experimental position, prepared the implant holes using squeeze technique according to different compressing extent, and then insetted the corresponding implants into them. After different healing periods, the dogs were sacrificed and the X-ray images were got and observed. Results The cancellous bone in X-ray image shows apparent eburnation and favourable agglutination after being compressed. The differences grow down gradually along with the extend of healing time. Conclusion The clinical implant surgery using squeeze technique is in favor of obtaining primary stabilities of implants. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of common cytotoxicity assay in the safety assessment of medicine app HUANG Xue-lian, FAN Guo-shu, LI Ji-yao Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  413-415，419.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.011 Abstract ( 1746 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (136KB) ( 1172 )   Save Medicine applied locally in oral cavity, in broad definition, consists of the application of drugs, materials and devices, and plays an important role in stomatology. Before clinical application, it is essential to assess the safety of the medicine. Cytotoxicity assay is one of the most commonly used screening techniques. The review represents in recent years on the application of cytotoxicity assay in the field of medicine applied locally in stomatology. Related Articles | Metrics

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The changes of oral ecosystem during the sequence treatment for patients with ora TANG Ying, JIAO Ting Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  416-419.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.012 Abstract ( 1580 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (130KB) ( 616 )   Save Oral squamous cell carcinoma as oral and maxillofacial common cancer in the types of cancer, its sequence treatment mainly to surgery has increasingly mature. But the changes of oral ecosystem during the treatment are often overlooked. This article discussed the impact of the factors of the oral ecosystem and the changes of oral ecosystem during the sequence treatment, so as to provide the relevant theoretical basis about the local oral medication, oral care during the radiotherapy, design and material selection of the prosthesis to various stages of patients, with a review to guide patients with safeguarding of oral environment and to improve the patients′qualities of life long time after surgery. Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics of adsorbed glucosyl tranferase in acquired pellicle YING Yu, HU Tao Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  420-422.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.013 Abstract ( 1518 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (113KB) ( 1148 )   Save Adsorbed pellicle plays a key role in the bacterial colonization of dental surfaces, mediating nonspecific and selective adherence of micro-organisms. It has been demonstrated that amylase, lysozyme, carbonic anhydrases, glucosyl tranferase and fructosyltransferase are adsorbed selectively onto acquired pellicle and immobilized in an active conformation in the pellicle layer formed in vivo. This article summarized the research progress on characteristics of adsorbed glucosyl tranferase in acquired pellicle and their functions in the dental pellicle. Related Articles | Metrics

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Molecular structure and regulation mechanism of fructosyltransferase in oral QIU Yuan-xin, HU Tao Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  423-425.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.014 Abstract ( 1836 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (116KB) ( 1140 )   Save Fructosyltransferase is a kind of enzyme, which catalyzes the synthesis of fructan when sucrose is present at environment. The fructosyltransferase of oral Streptococci acts as one of its important cariogenic proteins. The article reviewed the molecular structure, reaction mechanism, coding gene and regulation mechanism of fructosyltransferase. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of relationship of β-glucuronidase and periodontitis HUANG Man-ying, FU Yun Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  426-428.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.015 Abstract ( 1677 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (112KB) ( 949 )   Save Polymorphonuclear leukocytes（PMN） play a critical role in the process of periodontitis, including immunoprotection and immunity destruction. β -glucuronidase is a neutrophil -derived lysosomal acid hydrolase, which is an indicator of PMN influx into the gingival sulcus and is active in degradation of proteoglycans and the ground substance. This article will summary a review about β-glucuronidase and the relationship with periodontitis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of squamous cell carcinoma antigen FENG Xiao-yu, XING Ru-dong Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  429-431，434.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.016 Abstract ( 1786 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (143KB) ( 1929 )   Save Squamous cell carcinoma antigen（SCCA） is squamous epithelial related antigen TA-4 isolated from cervical squamous epithelium and composed of SCCA-1 and SCCA-2 antigens. SCCA is closely related to carcinogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma and an important marker exhibiting the biological features of SCC, being extensively studied in all kinds of human tumors. This article reviewed the SCCA expression in tissue and body fluids, it′s relationship with programmed cell death and many kinds of SCC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between cellular fibronectin and periodontium CAO Huan-huan, GONG Ping Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  432-434.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.017 Abstract ( 1579 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF（pc） (110KB) ( 1074 )   Save Cellular fibronectin is a kind of non -collagen glucoprotein. It is present mostly in periodontium, taking part in many physiological functions, such as cell junction, proliferation and differentiation, reparation and arrangement of epithelial tissue, immunoregulation of organism. The bionomics, function and its research progress in periodontium and dental implantation was summarized in this review. Related Articles | Metrics

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The expression of thrombospondin -1 genes and its relationship with angiogenesis CAO Yu-tang, WANG Xiao-yi Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  435-437.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.018 Abstract ( 1656 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (113KB) ( 945 )   Save The incidence of tumor development and metastasis depends on tumor angiogenesis, and thrombospondin（TSP）-1 has an important role in tumor angiogenesis. Therefore, the understanding of the expression of tsp-1 genes and its relationship with angiogenesis in tumor of different malignant degree through the study of literature, understanding of the expression of tsp-1 genes and its relationship with the microvessel density in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of different malignant degree, it will has of important significance to further clarify the pathogenesis of salivary gland mucoepidermoid cancer. Next, author reviewed on the structure and function of the TSP-1, TSP-1 expression in tumor tissues and its inhibited tumor angiogenesis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Association between Porphyromonas gingivalis and atherosclerosis DENG Hui, WU Ya-fei Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  438-440.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.019 Abstract ( 1551 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (112KB) ( 872 )   Save More and more evidence manifests that chronic periodontitis（CP） is one of the risk factor of cardiovascular disease（CVD）. But the biological foundation of relationship between CP and CVD is not well known. This review will briefly summarize the relevance between Porphyromonas gingivalis, which is most related to the occurrence of CP, and atherosclerosis, the potential role of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Toll-like receptor in the biological foundation and mechanism of relationship between CP and CVD. Related Articles | Metrics

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Phenomena and mechanism of bone resorption induced by titanium ion WANG Lin-hong, FAN Li-jie, GU Zhi-yuan Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  441-443，447.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.020 Abstract ( 1606 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF（pc） (134KB) ( 983 )   Save Titanium and its alloys are widely used in implants because of their excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. However, titanium and other elements release from implants. The bone resorption around dental implants leads to failure. The metal ions released by implants and their wear debris greatly affect the function of osteoblast and osteoclast, destroy the regulation mechanism between osteoblast and osteoclast, reduce bone formation and enhance bone resorption. Related Articles | Metrics

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Cooperation in the microorganism community and sociomircobiology SUN Jing, Qi Qing-guo, LIU Zheng Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  444-447.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.021 Abstract ( 1498 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (127KB) ( 1617 )   Save Microorganisms exist as the form of community in the nature, named as biofilm. The communication and cooperation between the individuals is performed as multi-cellular behaviors, such as symbiosis, altruism, and so on. This article reviewed the cooperation behaviors and analysis, the thesis for explaining these cooperation and the ways of preventing cheating. And it introduced the concept of sociomircobiology, helping to understand the microorganism by the way of community, and to enable us to open the black box of the genetics underlying social traits. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of adhesion of bacteria YU Zhi -fen, ZHANG Xiang-yu Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  448-450.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.022 Abstract ( 1459 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (105KB) ( 3033 )   Save The precondition of dental caries is correlated with adhesion, assemblage of bacteria on the dental surface, the formation of dental plaque and the ecesis of bacteria on the dental surface. There will be no formation of biological membrane and no dental caries without the adhesion of bacteria. This article reviewed the phenomenon of the adhesion, the mechanism, the influencing factors and other aspects of the adhesion of bacteria to dental surface. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on genetics of the oculo-ariculo-vertebral syndrome JIANG Wen-hui, WANG Xu-dong Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  451-451～454，458.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.023 Abstract ( 1593 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (157KB) ( 1587 )   Save Most cases of the oculo-ariculo-vertebral syndrome are sporadic and there is a strong tendency of the autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. This disease is characteristic of etiology heterogeneity, incomplete penetrance and the variable expressivity. Researches of the genetic etiology in the disease have employed molecular genetics and the animal model as the basic instruments to seek and explore the relevant pathogenic genes and chromosomes. Further studies should focus on establishing the minimum standard of the disease and classifying the patients rationally which may deduce the right genetics pattern. This article was aimed to summarize related researches of the genetic pattern and genetic etiologies of oculo-ariculo-vertebral syndrome. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of cobalt chloride in cell hypoxia in vitro research QUAN Jing-jing, LING Jun-qi Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  455-458.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.024 Abstract ( 1991 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF（pc） (142KB) ( 2172 )   Save Cobalt chloride, a hypoxia-mimicking agent, is widely used in the research of cell proliferation, differentiation and various hypoxic responses. The pulpal inflammation could result in hypoxia and subsequent pulp damage, and these studies on cobalt chloride may provide new methods to induce dental pulp cells hypoxia in vitro. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of unilateral neck dissection incision ZHONG Shi-chun, ZHANG Zhi-guang Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  459-461.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.025 Abstract ( 1811 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (103KB) ( 971 )   Save At present, the unilateral neck dissection incision concludes the T shape incision or Y shape incision, rectangle incision, apron incision, and so on. All the incisions have their own advantages and disadvantages. Clinicians are exploring and attempting new incision for neck dissection. This review summarized the disadvantages and advantages of these incisions. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on esthetic figure of papilla for implant-supported denture TU Hui-juan, LIN Ping, YE Ping, ZHANG Zuo Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  462-465.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.026 Abstract ( 1790 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF（pc） (127KB) ( 1010 )   Save With the widely clinical application of implant-supported denture, people′s esthetic expectation in implant restoration has been climbed ever higher. The loss of peri-implant papilla known as black triangle disease leads to an esthetic handicap, so the renovation of natural, beautiful papilla and papilla in harmonious with adjacent teeth is one of important aspects of wonderful implant-supported denture effect. Studies found that inter-implant papilla in restoration areas changed with the height of alveolar crest, the distance from the contact point to the alveolar crest and some other related elements. Aimed at different conditions of loss areas, we usually make a design before each operation and use bone grafting, soft-tissue surgical technique and temporary crown to restore the esthetic appearance of papilla to a great extent. It also decreases the incidence of black triangle and improves the esthetic effects. The purpose of this article was to summarize the interrelated esthetic researches of papilla around implant-supported denture. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application analysis of Bolton index in orthodontic treatment ZHANG Kun, WANG Chun-ling Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  466-468.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.027 Abstract ( 2835 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (104KB) ( 1534 )   Save Ideal arrangement of teeth and arch relationship needs coordination between maxillary and mandibular tooth-size. The Bolton index is commonly used, but affected by many factors during the evaluation. This article reviewed the factors affecting the Bolton index to help the orthodontists to apply this index. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on models of dental plaque biofilm LU Chun, CHEN Wu, LIU Lai -kui Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  469-471.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.028 Abstract ( 1875 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF（pc） (103KB) ( 1231 )   Save Dental plaque biofilm is one of key etiological factors of dental caries and periodontal diseases, and is also the hotspot of oral microbiology and ecology. Researchers have developed various models to study mechanisms and courses of their formation. The living environment of subgingival plaque and upragingival plaque is obviously different, as well as their incumbent microbial populations. As a result, the model system is different. Supragingival plaque is easy to be collected and the living environment is easy to be simulated. So variety of models have been applied to research on supragingival plaque bioflims, including in vitro and in vivo models. Research on models of subgingival plaque biofilm is relatively less. The review was presented the research progress on models of dental plaque biofilm. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the influence of periodontal treatment to system diseases CHEN Bin, WU Ya-fei Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  472-475.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.029 Abstract ( 1662 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (141KB) ( 804 )   Save There are more and more researches on periodontal medicine in the field of periodontology. With the research progress, it is known that there is a close relationship between periodontal inflammation and system diseases. Therefore, whether the periodontal treatment can affect system diseases becomes an interesting question. Several studies suggest that periodontal treatment is good for system diseases, and the mechanism may be that periodontal treatment changes the body condition. This article reviewed the research progress on the influence of periodontal treatment to system diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

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Methods of measuring wear of teeth YAN Ying, LING Jun-qi Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  476-478.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.030 Abstract ( 1681 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF（pc） (103KB) ( 1722 )   Save Tooth wear is frequently seen in dental practice. It is an important consequence of occlusal interactions. This can result in discomfort when areas of dentine become exposed, and lead to unacceptable aesthetic changes associated with reduced crown height and, in some cases, compromised function. If not controlled, wear could lead to poor masticatory function with a concomitant reduction in quality of life and possible deterioration of systemic health. Therefore, when considering how to control wear, the best method of measuring wear must be found. This review focused on some universally used methods of measuring wear, such as the indexes for measuring the wear of tooth, the cusp height measurement method, two -dimensional digital measurement method and three-dimensional digital measurement method and application in orthodontics, prosthodontics and oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the characteristics related to sleep -disordered breathing o JIANG Cheng-hui, SHI Xing-hui, JIANG Hong-bing Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  479-481.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.031 Abstract ( 1685 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (106KB) ( 1052 )   Save Cleft palate and sleep-disordered breathing are both common diseases in oral and maxillofacial surgery. It has been found that individuals with cleft palate have some characteristics related to sleep-disordered breathing. This article was summarized a select group of articles on this topic, and then discussed it from the following three aspects: Anatomical abnormality, disorders of neuromuscular movements, as well as changes in aerodynamic. Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact factors and evaluation methods of the esthetic outcomes for the anterior implant restorations WO Hao-zhongping, CHENG Xiang-rong Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  482-484.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.032 Abstract ( 1718 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF（pc） (103KB) ( 1126 )   Save Dental implants have been widely used in clinical practice. Because their survival and success rate are getting higher, a lot of patients would choose the implant-supported restorations to replace their missed teeth. As people are aspiring after beauty, more and more patients and their dentists would focus on the esthetic outcomes of implant-supported restorations in anterior region. But for the affecting factors and assessment of the esthetic outcomes of the implant-supported restorations, the consensus has not been reached yet. Therefore, it was the purpose of this article to review some affecting factors and methods for evaluating esthetic outcomes, which was being used in clinical study. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on apatite-wollastonite bioactive glass ceramic and its composi CHEN Xin-xin, ZHU Zhi-min Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  485-487,491.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.033 Abstract ( 1585 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (132KB) ( 1291 )   Save Apatite-wollastonite bioactive glass ceramic（AW-BGC） has not only the excellent bioactivity and biocompatibility, but also the outstanding mechanical properties, so it has been widely applied and developed in clinical practice. The properties, applications and preparation of AW-BGC was introduced in this paper. And the developments of AW-BGC and its composite was reviewed and prospected. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of survey on oral health-related quality of life in orthodontic field CHEN Mu, WANG Da-wei, FENG Zhi-cai Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  488-491.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.034 Abstract ( 1833 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (133KB) ( 1798 )   Save Oral health-related quality of life（OHRQL） is the concept used to assess the effect of oral diseases and the prevention of those diseases on the physical, psychological and social function of patients. Orthodontic treatment may have negative impacts on the OHRQL on physical, social and psychological health. But it is generally considered that patients benefit psychologically through improved facial and dental appearance and the associated increased self-confidence. The aim of this paper was to review the literatures relating to the questionnaires which were used to measure the dimensions of OHRQL and the research about OHRQL in orthodontic field. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on all-ceramic inlay WEI Yi-bo, CAO Zhi-zhong Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  492-495，498.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.035 Abstract ( 1893 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF（pc） (169KB) ( 1634 )   Save The development of ceramic materials, bonding techniques, new technology and issues of amalgam safety has led to widely using of all-ceramic inlays in dental restoration. Clinical studies have been carried out various evaluation techniques to assess the clinical performance of all-ceramic inlays. The major problems associated with ceramic inlay therapy appear to be fracture, hypersensitivity, degree of fit, maintenance of marginal integrity, microleakage, bond failures and cement wear. However, when compared with other forms of aesthetic intra-coronal restorations, ceramic inlays perform well. In this paper, recent clinical study articles were summarized and a review of the current state of knowledge regarding the clinical problems and survival statistics of ceramic inlays was presented. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research of frontal smile esthetics in dental clinic CAO Li, YANG Lin, BAI Ding Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  496-498.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.036 Abstract ( 1647 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF（pc） (104KB) ( 896 )   Save Smiling is the natural flow of the emotion when one is happy. Attractive smiling is becoming one of the treatment goals of orthodontists. How to make the patients have most confident, attractive smiling is the focus issue of numerous orthodontists nowadays. There are many factors affecting smiling esthetics, including horizontal, vertical, temporal aspects. To get the patients with attractive smiling, various factors need to be investigated. The literatures about frontal smiling esthetics in orthodontic clinic was reviewed in this article. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on clinical application of Forsus Spring appliance FENG Yao-pu, ZHOU Hong Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (4):  499-501.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.04.037 Abstract ( 1583 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (106KB) ( 1549 )   Save Forsus Spring（abbreviation Forsus） appliance is a latest technique to solve the problem of Angle class Ⅱ malocclusion. It has a simple structure and convenient clinical operation, and can be used together with fixed appliance. Forsus appliance promotes the development of the mandibule, retrudes the maxillary incisor and changes the distance between upper and lower lip and esthetic plane, which plays an important role on esthetic effects of Angle class Ⅱ malocclusion. This article reviewed the current situation on clinical application and orthodontic effect of Forsus appliance to help the orthodontists to apply this method. Related Articles | Metrics