Int J Stomatol

Int J Stomatol ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 51-58.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2026206

• Original Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of topical cyclosporine in the treatment of oral lichen planus

Xing Wang(),Sha Li,Jincai Guo()   

  1. Dept. of Pharmacy, Changsha Stomatological Hospital; School of Stomatology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410006, China
  • Received:2024-07-22 Revised:2025-08-28 Online:2026-01-01 Published:2025-12-31
  • Contact: Jincai Guo E-mail:342117383@qq.com;540009728@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    Nature Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2024JJ9532);Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Research Fund Project(2022XYLH134)

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Abstract:

Objective　This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical cyclosporine in the treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP) and to provide reference for clinicians. Methods　Databases, such as Pubmed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Data, and VIP, were searched. The System for Information on Grey Li-terature in Europe (SIGLE) and ClinicalTrials websites were searched online to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of cyclosporine for OLP from the establishment of the database to March 25, 2023. Two reviewers independently evalua-ted the study quality and extracted data, and meta-analysis was performed using RevMan (version 5.4) and STATA (version 14.0) software. Results　A total of seven RCT studies on cyclosporine in the treatment of OLP were included, including 317 patients. Among them, six compared cyclosporine with corticosteroid, and one compared cyclosporine with placebo. Meta-analysis results showed no statistically significant difference in clinical effectiveness between the cyclosporine and corticosteroid groups [risk ratio (RR)=0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67-1.14, P=0.32]. After 4 weeks of treatment, no statistically significant difference was observed in the improvement of pain scores between the cyclosporine and corticosteroid groups (standardized mean difference=-0.23, 95%CI: -0.54-0.07, P=0.13). No statistically significant difference was found in the incidence of adverse reactions between the cyclosporine and corticosteroid groups (RR=0.71, 95%CI: 0.18-2.79, P=0.62). Conclusion　Current evidence shows that cyclosporine has no advantage over corticosteroid in terms of clinical efficacy, improvement in pain scores, and safety. More high-quality studies are required to verify the above conclusion due to limitations in the quantity and quality of included studies.

Key words: oral lichen planus, cyclosporine, systematic review, Meta-analysis

CLC Number: 

  • R781.5

TrendMD: 

Tab 1

The search strategy of PubMed"

步骤检索策略
1“Lichen Planus, Oral”[Mesh]
2(Oral Lichen Planus) OR (OLP)

3

4

5

6

1 OR 2

“Cyclosporine”[Mesh]

(((((((((((((((Cyclosporine A) OR (Cyclosporin A)) OR (Ciclosporin)) OR (Cyclosporin)) OR (Neoral)) OR (Sandimmun Neoral)) OR (CyA-NOF)) OR (CyA NOF)) OR (Sandimmune)) OR (Sandimmun)) OR (CsA-Neoral)) OR (CsA Neoral)) OR (CsANeoral)) OR (OL 27-400)) OR (OL 27 400)) OR (OL 27400)

3 AND (4 OR 5)

Fig 1

Literature screening process and results"

Tab 2

Characteristics of included studies"

纳入研究国家例数（T/C）

平均年龄/

（T/C，岁）

性别（男/女，例）干预措施疗程随访时间结局指标
TCTC
Georgaki 2022[6]希腊14/1859.6/61.85/94/14100 mg/mL环孢素漱口2 mg/5 mL地塞米松漱口4周5个月②③④
Conrotto 2006[7]意大利20/1963.4/67.959/115/141.5%环孢素软膏涂抹0.025%氯倍他索软膏涂抹2个月2个月①④
Yoke 2006[8]新加坡，韩国，印度，泰国66/7143.5/43.925/4320/51100 mg/mL环孢素涂抹0.1%曲安奈德8周1年①③④
Sieg 1995[9]德国6/751.35/8100 mg/mL环孢素漱口0.1%曲安奈德软膏6周1年②④
López López[10]西班牙10/10---10%环孢素溶液漱口0.1%曲安奈德水溶液8周1年①
Eisen 1990[11]美国8/863/612/65/3100 mg/mL环孢素漱口安慰剂8周8个月③

孙玉亮

2013[12]

中国30/3044.3/46.816/1412/18环孢素软胶囊涂抹氟轻松软膏6周3个月①③④

Tab 3

Quality assessment of included studies"

纳入研究随机方法分配隐藏对研究者和受试者施盲对结局测量者施盲

结果数据

的完整性

选择性报告研究结果其他偏倚来源
Georgaki 2022[6]不清楚不清楚是不清楚完整不清楚不清楚
Conrotto 2006[7]计算机随机不清楚是不清楚完整不清楚不清楚
Yoke 2006[8]不清楚电话或密闭信封不清楚不清楚完整不清楚不清楚
Sieg 1995[9]不清楚不清楚不清楚不清楚完整不清楚不清楚
López López 1995[10]不清楚不清楚是不清楚完整不清楚不清楚
Eisen 1990[11]随机数字表不清楚是不清楚完整不清楚不清楚
孙玉亮2013[12]随机数字表不清楚不清楚不清楚完整不清楚不清楚

Fig 2

Risk of bias assessment results of included RCT studies"

Fig 3

Forest plot of clinical efficacy of cyclosporine and corticosteroid in the treatment of OLP"

Fig 4

Forest plot of VAS between cyclosporine and corticosteroid in the treatment of OLP"

Fig 5

Forest plot of incidence of adverse reactions of cyclosporine and corticosteroid in the treatment of OLP"

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