Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of cigarette smoke inhalation（CSI） on the osteointegration of pure titanium implants in the tibiae bone of rats. Methods After anesthesia, a pure titanium implant was placed in the right tibia of each rat. According to the time of smoking, 32 rats were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: Namely, the control group, smoking cessation group and continuous smoking group. 3 months later, double energy X-ray absorptiometry and radiological observations were obtained. At the end of the experimental period, the animal were sacrificed, the tibiae were removed for the scanning electron microscope（SEM）. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0 software package for one-way ANOVA. Results The results showed that continuous cigarette smoking promoted a significantly reduced bone density in the boneimplant area and tibiae（F=6.808, P＜0.05）. Poor osteointegration was obtained by X-ray and SEM. Conclusion Within in the limits of the present study, it can be concluded that cigarette smoke inhalation has a negative effect on osteointegration of implant inserted in rats.

Key words: cigarette smoke inhalation, implant, osteointegration, bone density