Int J Stomatol

Int J Stomatol ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4): 479-484.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2023071

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Research progress on the postoperative inferior alveolar neurosensory disturbance

Liu Yuntong(),Liu Chang,Gao Lichao,Luo Yuxue,Cao Yubin,Hua Chengge.()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of General Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2022-12-12 Revised:2023-04-05 Online:2023-07-01 Published:2023-06-21
  • Contact: Chengge. Hua E-mail:847814755@qq.com;huacg@163.com

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Abstract:

Neurosensory disturbance (NSD) is a common complication after mandibular orthognathic surgery, mandi-bular posterior teeth implant surgery and mandibularthird molar extraction. Although in most cases the incidence is low, some patients suffer fromobvious discomfortin a long term. Clinicians and patients have paid great attention to this pro-blem. NSD of the inferior alveolar is often manifested as hypoesthesia and abnormal sensation, and sometimes hyperesthesia of the chin and lips on the surgical side, as well as discomfort of the mandibular dentition on the affected side. Most patients can recovery within 6 months after the occurrence of NSD, whereas a small number of patients were reported failed to recover from disturbance after 6 months or even longer. This article attempts to review symptoms and prognostic characteristics during NSD of the inferior alveolar nerve after different types of operations, and try to analyze the differences and correlations among them.

Key words: inferior alveolar nerve, neurosensory disturbance, orthognathic surgery, tooth implant surgery, third molar

CLC Number: 

  • R 782.1

TrendMD: 

Tab 1

Comparison of NSD for different reasons"

病因发病率主要症状预后
阻滞麻醉1∶13 800 970~ 1∶26 762麻木感及感觉减退发病率极低，预后不明
第三磨牙拔除术0.4%~13.4%患侧颏部、面颊和下唇的麻木感、感觉迟钝；异常疼痛、烧灼感或感觉过敏等1%~43.5%的患者在术后6个月仍有明显症状
种植手术1.4%~43.5%患侧颏部、面颊和下唇的感觉减退5%~15%的病例1年后仍未完全恢复；伴蠕虫爬行感者预后较好，伴紧绷感者预后较差
正颌手术6.8%~95%患侧颏部、面颊和下唇的感觉减退；电击样感、疼痛感、针刺感、紧绷感、烧灼感、压迫感、僵硬感、患侧下颌牙列牙齿疼痛等异常感觉多在6个月后完全恢复；11%的下颌支矢状劈开术后1年仍未完全恢复；异常感觉/减退的恢复顺序为：冷觉、触觉>热觉、痛觉、牙列感觉异常>主观不适、两点辨别
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