国际口腔医学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5): 548-555.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2022053

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

上颌前方牵引矫治对颌骨生长发育长期影响的Meta分析

张珊(),葛晓磊,李杰,谢新宇,常维维,马文盛()   

  1. 河北医科大学口腔医学院·口腔医院正畸科 河北省口腔医学重点实验室河北省口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 石家庄 050017
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-20 修回日期:2022-02-24 出版日期:2022-09-01 发布日期:2022-09-16
  • 通讯作者: 马文盛
  • 作者简介:张珊,硕士,Email:245244212@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北省政府资助临床医学优秀人才培养项目(MXZB00263);河北省医学适用技术跟踪项目(GZ2021038)

Meta-analysis of the long-term effect of maxillary protraction on jaw growth and development

Zhang Shan(),Ge Xiaolei,Li Jie,Xie Xinyu,Chang Weiwei,Ma Wensheng.()   

  1. Dept. of Orthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
  • Received:2021-08-20 Revised:2022-02-24 Online:2022-09-01 Published:2022-09-16
  • Contact: Wensheng. Ma
  • Supported by:
    Hebei Provincial Government Funded Clinical Medicine Talents Training Project(MXZB00263);The Medical Applicable Technology Following Project of Hebei Province(GZ2021038)

摘要:

目的 评价上颌前方牵引矫治生长发育期安氏Ⅲ类错𬌗畸形患者的长期稳定性。 方法 全面检索了Cochrane Library、PubMed、Ovid、Science Direct、Wiley等外文数据库及中国期刊全文数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、维普中文科技期刊数据库、万方数据库等中文数据库,检索时间截止到2021年8月18日。由2名学者进行文献的筛选、质量评价及数据提取,应用RevMan5.3软件进行 Meta 分析,应用GRADE证据分级系统评价结局指标的证据质量,结局指标为治疗期间(T1-T2),随访期间(T2-T3)及整体观察期间(T1-T3)SNA、 SNB、ANB、Co-A、Co-Gn、SN-GoGn改变量。 结果 最终纳入10篇符合要求的文献,试验组均为应用上颌前方牵引矫治的安氏Ⅲ类患者,对照组为未经治疗的安氏Ⅲ类患者。Meta分析结果显示:治疗期间,试验组SNA、ANB、Co-A增量大于对照组,SNB、Co-Gn增量小于对照组,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SN-GoGn改变量的差异无统计学差异(P>0.05)。随访期间,试验组SNA、SNB、ANB、Co-Gn增量小于对照组,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),Co-A、SN-GoGn改变量的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。整体观察期间,试验组SNA、ANB、Co-A增量大于对照组,SNB、Co-Gn增量小于对照组,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),SN-GoGn改变量的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 上颌前方牵引矫治生长发育期安氏Ⅲ类患者,其骨性效应主要来自于治疗期间,随访期间Ⅲ类骨骼生长模式存在复发趋势,但长期观察后发现,上颌前方牵引矫治对试验组颌骨矢状向位置及颌间关系改善,中面部生长促进以及下颌骨生长抑制,具有一定的稳定性。需要更多随访时间更长,大样本及高质量的临床研究来验证本结论。

关键词: 上颌前方牵引, 安氏Ⅲ类, 生长发育, 稳定性, Meta分析

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the long-term stability of maxillary protraction in the treatment of Angle Class Ⅲ malocclusion in children with mixed dentition. Methods A comprehensive search of Cochrane Library, PubMed, Ovid, ScienceDirect, Wiley, China Academic Journal Full-text Database, China Biology Medicine Disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Wan Fang database and other foreign and Chinese databases was conducted until 18 August 2021. Literature screening, quality evaluation and data extraction were carried out by two scholars. Meta-analysis was carried out by RevMan5.3 software, and the evidence quality of the outcome index was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation evidence grading system. The results consist of active treatment changes and posttreatment changes, as well as the overall changes in SNA, SNB, ANB, Co-A, Co-Gn, SN-GoGn. Results Ten articles that met the requirements were included. The treated group, which comprised patients with Angle Class Ⅲ malocclusion treated by maxillary protraction, was compared with the untreated Class Ⅲ control group. The results of the meta-analysis showed statistical differences in the increase in SNA, SNB, ANB, Co-A and Co-Gn during the T1-T2 period (P<0.05) and no statistical difference in SN-GoGn (P>0.05). During the T2-T3 period, SNA, SNB, ANB and Co-Gn significantly decreased (P<0.05), but Co-A and SN-GoGn had no significant change (P>0.05). During T1-T3, SNA, SNB, ANB, Co-A and Co-Gn was significantly changed (P<0.05), whereas SN-GoGn had no significant change (P>0.05). Conclusion The analysis of patients with Angle Class Ⅲ malocclusion who were treated by maxillary protraction revealed that the maxillary and mandibular effects come from the active treatment period. Although the Class Ⅲ growth pattern had a tendency to be re-established during the posttreatment period, facemask therapy remarkably improved the maxillary and mandibular sagittal positions and maxilla-mandible relationship, promoted midface growth and inhibited mandibular growth during the long-term observation. More large samples and high-quality clinical studies are needed to verify this conclusion.

Key words: maxillary protraction, Angle Class Ⅲ, growth and development, stability, Meta-analysis

中图分类号: 

  • R 783.5

图1

文献筛选流程图"

表 1

纳入文献的基本特征"

纳入研究研究类型例数试验组特征干预措施随访时间/年对照组特征

Ngan等[16]

(1998)

病例对照试验:试验组(前瞻性);对照组(回顾性)30/20中国人,骨性Ⅲ类,安氏Ⅲ类,前牙反??,(8.4±1.8)岁扩弓前牵,扩弓每天2次380 g,30°,≥12 h2未经治疗安氏Ⅲ类患者,按照种族、年龄、性别、骨性特征、随访时间与试验组匹配

Macdonald等[17]

(1999)

病例对照试验(回顾性)24/27骨性Ⅲ类,安氏Ⅲ类,前牙反??或对刃??,ANB<1°,wits值≤0 mm,7.4 岁扩弓前牵,扩弓每天2次200~450 g,15°~30°,前3~4月18~22 h,后3~4月仅夜间佩戴≥0.5未经治疗安氏Ⅲ类患者,按照年龄、性别、随访时间与试验组匹配

Chong等[18]

(1996)

病例对照试验:试验组(前瞻性);对照组(回顾性)16/13前牙反??,(6.80±1.13)岁前牵,230~285 g,30°~40°,12~16 h≥1未经治疗安氏Ⅲ类患者,按照年龄、随访时间与试验组匹配

Anne Mandall等[19]

(2012)

前瞻性随机对照试验13/10北美人,混合牙列晚期,安氏Ⅲ类,前牙反??,wits值≤-2 mm,(8.6±0.08)岁扩弓前牵,扩弓每天1次400 g,≥14 h1.25±0.58未经治疗安氏Ⅲ类患者,按种族、牙齿阶段、错??类型、性别与试验组匹配

Westwood等[20]

(2003)

病例对照试验(回顾性)34/22欧美白人,安氏Ⅲ类,前牙反??或对刃??,wits值≤-1.5 mm, CS1~CS2,(8.25±1.83)岁扩弓前牵,扩弓每天1~2次300~500 g,≥14 h,全部患者二期固定矫治5.58±2.25未经治疗安氏Ⅲ类患者,按照性别、年龄、随访时间与试验组匹配

Pavoni等[21]

(2019)

病例对照试验(回顾性)32/20白人,骨性Ⅲ类,安氏Ⅲ类,前牙反??或对刃??,wits值≤-2 mm,CS1~ CS3,(8.4±1.2)岁

扩弓前牵+下颌??垫

扩弓每天1~2次,400~500 g,30°,≥14 h,??垫全天佩戴,26名患者二期固定矫治

5.2±2.1未经治疗安氏Ⅲ类患者,按照年龄、骨龄、随访时间与试验组匹配

Masucci等[22]

(2011)

病例对照试验:试验组(前瞻性);对照组(回顾性)30/13欧洲人,安氏Ⅲ类,前牙反??或对刃??,wits值≤-2 mm,CS1~CS3,(9.2±1.6)岁扩弓前牵,扩弓每天1~2次400~500 g,≥14 h,19名患者进行二期固定矫治

8.4±0.9

未经治疗安氏Ⅲ类患者,按照种族、年龄、骨龄、性别、错??畸形程度、随访时间与试验组匹配

Baccetti等[23]

(2000)

病例对照试验(回顾性)16/11北美人,混合牙列早期,安氏Ⅲ类,前牙反??,wits值≤-2 mm,(7±0.58)岁扩弓前牵,扩弓每天1次400 g,≥14 h1.52±0.58未经治疗安氏Ⅲ类患者,按种族、牙齿阶段、错??类型、性别与试验组匹配

Cozza等[24]

(2010)

病例对照试验:试验组(前瞻性);对照组(回顾性)22/12

白人,安氏Ⅲ类,前牙反??或对刃??,wits值≤-2 mm,CS1~CS2,(8.9±

1.5)岁

前牵+下颌??垫,600 g,30°~40°,≥14 h,

??垫全天佩戴

2.1±1.3未经治疗安氏Ⅲ类患者,按照牙性和骨性特征、骨龄、随访时间与试验组匹配

Baccetti等[25]

(2010)

病例对照试验:试验组(前瞻性);对照组(回顾性)22/14安氏Ⅲ类,前牙反??或对刃??,wits值≤-2 mm,CS1,(8.9±1.5)岁前牵+下颌??垫,600 g,≥14 h,??垫全天佩戴2未经治疗安氏Ⅲ类患者,按照骨龄、随访时间与试验组匹配

表 2

使用Robins-Ⅰ工具评估纳入研究的偏倚风险"

纳入研究干预前干预时干预后整体偏倚
混杂偏倚选择受试者偏倚干预分类偏倚意向干预偏离偏倚丢失数据偏倚结局测量偏倚选择性报告偏倚
Baccetti等[23](2000)
Baccetti等[25](2010)
Chong等[18](1996)
Macdonald等[17](1999)
Masucci等[22](2011)
Ngan等[16](1998)
Cozza等[24](2010)
Westwood等[20](2003)
Pavoni等[21](2019

表 3

敏感性分析结果"

结局指标异质性检验结果效应模型Meta分析结果
PI2/%WMD(95%CI)P
T1-T2SNA0.750固定1.74 (1.31,2.17)<0.000 01
SNB0.540固定-1.87 (-2.19,-1.55)<0.000 01
ANB0.385固定3.32 (2.88,3.77)<0.000 01
Co-A0.1740固定1.07 (0.36,1.77)0.003
Co-Gn0.780固定-2.47 (-3.25,-1.69)<0.000 01
SN-GoGn0.2426固定-0.21 (-1.07,0.66)0.64
T2-T3SNA0.610固定-0.92 (-1.35,-0.49)<0.000 1
SNB0.450固定-0.40 (-0.79,-0.01)0.05
ANB0.411固定-0.40 (-0.76,-0.04)0.03
Co-A0.430固定-0.49 (-1.17,0.18)0.15
Co-Gn0.990固定-1.33 (-2.38,-0.28)0.01
SN-GoGn0.480固定-0.52 (-1.36,0.32)0.22
T1-T3SNA0.2130固定0. 60 (0.06,1.15)0.03
SNB0.000 378固定-0.78 (-1.04,-0.52)<0.000 01
ANB0.0848固定2.19 (1.73,2.65)<0.000 01
Co-A0.780固定1.36 (0.10,2.61)0.03
Co-Gn0.980固定-3.18 (-4.89,-1.46)0.000 3
SN-GoGn0.2038固定-0. 98 (-2.27,0.31)0.14
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