Int J Stomatol

Int J Stomatol ›› 2020, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 383-390.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2020075

• Original Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Caries status and relevant factor analysis among children in urban and pasture areas of Tibet Autonomous Region

Deng Xiaoyu1,Renqing Sege2,Huo Yuanyuan1,Cui Chen1,Qi Wenting1,Han Xuan1,Huang Ruijie1,Zhou Yuan1,Zhu Lin2,Zou Jing1,Danzeng Nianzha2()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
    2. Dept. of Stomatology, Tibet Autonomous Regional People’s Hospital, Lhasa 850000, China
  • Received:2019-12-16 Revised:2020-03-28 Online:2020-07-01 Published:2020-07-10
  • Contact: Nianzha Danzeng E-mail:317586891@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by Scientific and Technological Projects of Tibet Autonomous Region(2016XZ01G38)

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Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to investigate the caries status and the association between the caries status and the living habit and healthcare of children living in urban and pasture areas of Tibet. Methods A total of 280 and 376 children were recruited from Lhasa (urban area) and Nagqu (pasture area), respectively, through stratified cluster random sampling. The children’s caries status and their living habits and healthcare behavior were collected using questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 software. Results In Lhasa, 124 children (59 males and 65 females) of primary dentition and 156 children (81 males and 75 females) of mixed dentition were recorded. The overall mean decay-missedfilled-teeth (dmft) was 4.54. The mean dmft of children of primary dentition was 4.59, and the dmft values of males and females were 4.41 and 4.86, respectively. The overall mean dmft was 3.55. The mean dmft of children of mixed dentition was 4.51, and the dmft values of males and females were 4.16 and 4.88, respectively. In Nagqu, 190 children (109 males and 81 females) of primary dentition and 186 children (97 males and 89 females) of mixed dentition were recorded. The overall mean dmft was 3.55. The mean dmft of children of primary dentition was 3.31, and the dmft values of males and females were 3.83 and 2.61, respectively. The mean dmft of children of mixed dentition was 3.79, and the dmft values of males and females were 3.68 and 3.91, respectively. The overall dmft and primary dentition dmft of children in Lhasa were higher than those of children in Nagqu (P<0.05). Primary molars were the teeth with the highest caries rate, whereas mandibular incisors were the teeth with the lowest caries rate in both sampling areas. Gender had no significant contribution to the caries rate. Children who frequently visited doctors for non oral diseases had higher rates of caries in Lhasa and Nagqu, respectively (P<0.01). About 81.4% of children from Lhasa brushed their teeth at least once a day, but only 8.9% of the children used fluoride toothpaste. In addition, 56.1% and 36.4% of the children’s families had never consulted with a dentist. In Nagqu, the results were 59.6%, 18.6%, 73.4%, and 51.3%, respectively. Conclusion The children’s caries status in Tibet is still severe. Further studies should be conducted to strengthen oral healthcare education to control caries among children in Tibet.

Key words: childhood caries, urban area, pasturing area, minority

CLC Number: 

  • R788

TrendMD: 

Tab 1

Sex and age distribution and caries prevalence of 656 Tibetan children"

项目 拉萨市 那曲地区
乳牙列 混合牙列 乳牙列 混合牙列
男 女 合计 男 女 合计 男 女 合计 男 女 合计
例数 59 65 124 81 75 156 109 81 190 97 89 186
年龄/月 58.81±1.58 55.17±0.33 56.92±11.34 103.19±14.35 102.41±12.40 102.81±13.41 55.52±5.07 55.70±5.49 55.60±5.24 102.98±6.29 100.39±6.52 101.75±6.51
患龋率/% 50.85 60.00 55.65 48.15 61.33 54.49 57.80 45.68 52.63 54.08 52.81 53.76
龋均 4.41±5.34 4.86±4.95 4.59±5.09 4.16±4.98 4.88±4.72 4.51±4.85 3.83±4.06 2.61±3.35 3.31±3.81 3.68±4.09 3.91±4.05 3.79±4.06
充填率/% 0 0 0 3.26 3.00 3.13 0 0 0 0 0 0

Fig 1

Caries surfaces distribution of children in Lhasa"

Fig 2

Caries surfaces distribution of children in Ngaqu"

Tab 2

Correlation between caries prevalence and oral hygine habits n/%"

调查项目 拉萨市（n=280） 那曲地区（n=376）
无龋 患龋 合计 无龋 患龋 合计
刷牙频率 从不 2/0.7 9/3.2 11/3.9a 22/5.9 32/8.5 54/14.4
偶尔 25/8.9 16/5.7 41/14.6b 49/13.0 49/13.0 98/26.1
每天不少于1次 127/45.4 101/36.1 228/81.4c 105/27.9 119/31.6 224/59.6
牙膏 含氟 23/8.2 2/0.7 25/8.9 45/12.0 25/6.6 70/18.6a
不含氟 10/3.6 25/8.9 35/12.5 20/5.3 25/6.6 45/12.0b
不清楚 93/33.2 127/45.4 220/78.6 111/29.5 150/39.9 261/69.4c

Tab 3

Correlation between caries prevalence and habits and frequency of sugar taking n/%"

调查项目 拉萨市（n=280） 那曲地区（n=376）
无龋 患龋 合计 无龋 患龋 合计
含糖食物 从不 37/13.2 25/8.9 62/22.1a 29/7.7 29/7.7 58/15.4
三餐吃 30/10.7 30/10.7 60/21.4b 33/8.8 34/9.0 67/17.8
三餐之间偶尔吃 41/14.6 55/19.6 96/34.3c 75/19.9 71/18.9 146/38.8
经常 18/6.4 44/15.7 62/22.1d 39/10.4 66/17.6 105/27.9
睡前零食 有 36/12.9 49/17.5 85/30.4 47/12.5 94/25.0 141/37.5
无 90/32.1 105/37.5 195/69.6 129/34.3 106/28.2 235/62.5

Tab 4

Correlation between caries prevalence and number of children of enrolled children’s family n/%"

家庭小孩数目/个 拉萨市（n=280） 那曲地区（n=376）
无龋 患龋 合计 无龋 患龋 合计
1 50/17.9 60/21.4 110/39.3 38/10.1 29/7.7 67/17.8
2 57/20.4 68/24.3 125/44.6 95/25.3 110/29.3 205/54.5
3~4 14/5.0 13/4.6 27/9.6 23/6.1 24/6.4 47/12.5
>4 5/1.8 13/4.6 18/6.4 37/9.8 20/5.3 57/15.2

Tab 5

Correlation between caries prevalence and seeking for medical care and dental care of enrolled children n/%"

调查项目 拉萨市（n=280） 那曲地区（n=376）
无龋 患龋 合计 无龋 患龋 合计
就医情况（牙医） 从未 72/25.7 85/30.4 157/56.1 138/36.7 138/36.7 276/73.4
过去2年看过 18/6.4 33/11.8 51/18.2 5/1.3 12/3.2 17/4.5
过去1年看过 25/8.9 26/9.3 51/18.2 27/7.2 34/9.0 61/16.2
过去6个月看过 11/3.9 10/3.6 21/7.5 6/1.6 16/4.3 22/5.9
就医情况（除牙医外） 从未a 47/16.8 36/12.9 83/29.6 81/21.5 106/28.2 187/49.7
过去2年看过b 31/11.1 50/17.9 81/28.9 42/11.2 16/4.3 58/15.4
过去1年看过c 28/10.0 22/7.9 50/17.9 36/9.6 55/14.6 91/24.2
过去6个月看过d 20/7.1 46/16.4 66/23.6 17/4.5 23/6.1 40/10.6

Tab 6

Correlation between caries prevalence and smoking, seeking for medical care and dental care of enrolled children’s family n/%"

调查项目 拉萨市（n=280） 那曲地区（n=376）
无龋 患龋 合计 无龋 患龋 合计
家人吸烟/（支·d-1） 0（从不） 60/21.4 74/26.4 134/47.9 98/26.1 119/31.6 217/57.7
<5 28/10.0 33/11.8 61/21.8 30/8.0 33/8.8 63/16.8
5~10（含5） 18/6.4 18/6.4 36/12.9 34/9.0 39/10.4 73/19.4
10~20（含10） 8/2.9 17/6.1 25/8.9 8/2.1 9/2.4 17/4.5
≥20 12/4.3 12/4.3 24/8.6 6/1.6 0/0 6/1.6
家人就医情况（牙医） 从未 54/19.3 48/17.1 102/36.4 91/24.2 102/27.1 193/51.3
最近2年看过 30/10.7 50/17.9 80/28.6 42/11.2 42/11.2 84/22.3
最近1年看过 28/10.0 39/13.9 67/23.9 24/6.4 37/9.8 61/16.2
最近6个月看过 14/5.0 17/6.1 31/11.1 19/5.1 19/5.1 38/10.1
家人就医情况（除牙医外） 从未 26/9.3 32/11.4 58/20.7 74/19.7 101/26.9 175/46.5
最近2年看过 28/10.0 48/17.1 76/27.1 35/9.3 40/10.6 75/19.9
最近1年看过 35/12.5 33/11.8 68/24.3 31/8.2 38/10.1 69/18.4
最近6个月看过 37/13.2 41/14.6 78/27.9 36/9.6 21/5.6 57/15.2
家人就医原因 定期检查 21/7.5 7/2.5a 28/10.0 13/3.5 13/3.5 26/6.9
有点不舒服 65/23.2 95/3.9b 160/57.1 117/31.1 120/31.9 237/63.0
很不舒服 32/11.4 38/13.6c 70/25.0 29/7.7 38/10.1 67/17.8
重病 8/2.9 14/5.0d 22/7.9 17/4.5 29/7.7 46/12.2
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