国际口腔医学杂志 ›› 2017, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 459-465.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2017.04.018
张建康, 卫俊俊, 唐曌隆, 余云波, 敬伟
Zhang Jiankang, Wei Junjun, Tang Zhaolong, Yu Yunbo, Jing Wei
摘要: 社会老龄化的加剧使老年个体骨损伤修复问题愈发突出,骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSC)是一种与骨代谢再生密切相关的骨髓细胞,其生物学特性(形态、表面特征、细胞周期、端粒酶以及细胞内活性氧簇水平等)以及增殖分化能力在生物体年龄影响下均发生了改变,成骨能力下降,影响了骨损伤的修复速度和质量。探索其中分子机制对改善老龄个体骨损伤康复有至关重要作用。参与调控的信号中,Wnt和Notch近年日益受到关注,二者对老龄BMSC成骨的调控有交互作用。老龄机体的氧化应激反应增加而生长因子生成减少,Wnt通路的转录因子β-catenin与叉头家族转录因子的亲和力增加,不再与T细胞因子和淋巴增强因子结合,故BMSC成骨减弱。同时老龄个体骨髓中BMSC数量减少,Notch抑制BMSC成骨来维持祖细胞池中BMSC的数量。Wnt和Notch之间还存在相互作用,如Notch过表达能够削弱Wnt的影响等。此外,BMP-Smad转录因子活性下降,Hedgehog信号通路下调,亦影响着BMSC的成骨分化。本文对老龄个体BMSC生物学性能变化及其成骨分化过程中信号通路的调控作用进行综述,为老龄个体骨相关性疾病的治疗提供新思路。
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