Int J Stomatol

Int J Stomatol ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (5): 703-710.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2026629

• Original Article • Previous Articles    

Analysis of influencing factors on the severity of deciduous tooth caries in children aged 3-6 years

Hongyan Ban1(),Xiaoli Lian2,Xiaohua Dai2,Huiru Zou2,3()   

  1. 1.Dept. of Stomatology, Tianjin University Children's Hospital/Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Birth Defects in Children, Tianjin 300074, China
    2.Dept. of Central Laboratory, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral Functional Reconstruction, Tianjin 300041, China
    3.Dept. of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral Functional Reconstruction, Tianjin 300041, China
  • Received:2025-04-14 Revised:2026-06-02 Online:2026-09-01 Published:2026-08-28
  • Contact: Huiru Zou E-mail:banhongyanliuxiang@163.com;zouhuiru@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Tianjin Natural Science Foundation Project(23JCYBJC01490);Technology Development Project of Stomatology Institute of Nankai University(2026430HJ0083)

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Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to investigate the status of deciduous tooth caries of 3‒6-year-old children and its associated influencing factors among children and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of deciduous tooth caries in children. Methods 　A stratified random sampling method was employed to select 3‒6-year-old children attending the Stomatology Outpatient Department of Tianjin Children's Hospital between April and December 2024 as the research subjects. Information on children's basic information, oral hygiene habits, dietary habits, and parental attitudes towards children's oral health and their knowledge of oral health were collected through a questionnaire survey. Two professional dentists examined and recorded the dental caries status of primary teeth in children. The status was classified into three categories: caries-free, caries only (without pulp involvement), and caries progressed to pulp-periapical disease or residual roots. Chi-square test, t test, and variance analysis were used to analyze the relationship between categorical variables and the severity of primary tooth caries in children. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the statistically significant factors to determine the independent influence of each factor on the severity of deciduous dental caries in children. Results 　A total of 250 children were included in this study, comprising 126 boys and 124 girls. The numbers of children aged 3, 4, 5, and 6 years were 28, 54, 80, and 88, respectively. Among the children, 161 were from urban areas, 67 were from urban-rural fringe zones, and 22 were from rural areas. The severity of deciduous tooth caries in children was significantly associated with the timing of starting tooth brushing, the use of dental floss, and parental attitudes toward the importance of regular dental checkups in preventing dental caries in children (P<0.05). By contrast, factors such as gender, age, and urban-rural distribution were not associated with the severity of deciduous tooth caries in children (P>0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that starting tooth brushing at a later age and parents’ lack of recognition of the importance of regular dental checkups in preventing dental caries were risk factors for the severity of deciduous tooth caries in children (P<0.05). Conclusion 　Early initiation of tooth brushing and parental emphasis on regular dental checkups play an important role in reducing the severity of deciduous tooth caries in children. Strengthening oral health education for parents and children is necessary to improve their oral health awareness.

Key words: children, deciduous tooth caries, influencing factor, multivariate Logistic regression

CLC Number: 

  • R788＋.1

TrendMD: 

Tab 1

Basic information of 250 children aged 3-6 years"

变量人数（n/%）龋均Z/H值P值
性别-0.7570.449
男126/50.44.63±3.70
女124/49.64.39±3.70
年龄/岁1.7040.636
328/11.24.07±3.56
454/21.64.91±4.06
580/32.04.21±3.51
688/35.24.67±3.69
城乡分布2.9430.230
城市161/64.44.16±3.32
城乡接合部67/26.85.18±4.10
农村22/8.85.00±4.71

Tab 2

Univariate analysis of dental caries severity in 250 children aged 3-6 years"

变量人数无龋龋坏未累及牙髓牙髓根尖周病或残根χ2值P值
性别0.1920.909
男126136647
女124136843
年龄/岁11.2090.082
3283196
45443713
58093833
688104038
城乡分布8.2200.084
城市161219149
城乡接合部6733232
农村222119
刷牙起始时间6.6170.037*
牙齿萌出~2岁前1942410763
2岁~至今未刷牙5622727
刷牙次数0.4660.792
≤1次/日110106139
2次/日140167351
刷牙时长/min6.3970.171
＜13951816
≥1且＜213998050
≥272123624
刷牙方式3.2370.779
手动，自己刷100115237
电动牙刷，自己刷3722411
家长监督刷3341514
家长帮着刷8094328
含氟牙膏使用2.2480.325
是174219459
否7654031
牙线使用情况9.8840.042*
经常17476
有时9085824
很少143146960
甜食4.2470.374
喜欢1931710769
一般4582215
不喜欢12156
含糖饮料3.6770.451
喜欢3331515
一般7874823
不喜欢139167152
夜间饮食3.5760.167
经常6533527
很少185239963
定期口腔检查5.6000.231
≤1年47114923
>1年4352414
因口腔不适就医124106153
预防龋病的知识4.2620.372
了解147128547
一般262159
不了解7793434
定期检查对儿童龋病预防的重要性6.1840.021*
同意2432613384
不同意7016

Tab 3

Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of the severity of primary dental caries in 250 children aged 3-6 years"

变量β值标准误Wald χ2值P值OR值（95%CI）
牙齿状态（阈值）
无龋-2.2670.56216.292<0.0010.104（0.034，0.312）
龋坏未累及牙髓0.5810.5401.1580.2821.788（0.621，5.150）
刷牙起始时间
牙齿萌出~2岁前-0.7190.3025.6540.0170.487（0.269，0.882）
2岁~至今未刷牙a
牙线使用情况
经常0.6900.5151.7970.1801.994（0.727，5.463）
有时0.2310.5290.1910.6621.260（0.447，3.557）
很少a
定期检查对儿童龋病预防的重要性
不同意2.4691.1025.0190.02511.811（1.362，102.412）
同意a
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