国际口腔医学杂志

国际口腔医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (6): 925-935.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2026605

• 综述 • 上一篇    

抗菌肽在种植体表面改性中的应用

李哲玮(),张勃昕,章梦媛,孙平()   

  1. 浙江大学医学院附属口腔医院 浙江大学口腔医学院 浙江省口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 浙江省口腔生物医学研究重点实验室 浙江大学癌症研究院 口腔生物材料与器械浙江省工程研究中心 杭州 310000
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-11 修回日期:2026-01-21 出版日期:2026-11-01 发布日期:2026-10-29
  • 通讯作者: 孙平
  • 作者简介:李哲玮，硕士，Email：22418934@zju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省科技厅公益研究专项(LGF22H140007);浙江大学医学院附属口腔医院交叉学科研究项目(RD2022JCXK01)

Application of antimicrobial peptide in the surface modification of implants

Zhewei Li(),Boxin Zhang,Mengyuan Zhang,Ping Sun()   

  1. Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
  • Received:2025-04-11 Revised:2026-01-21 Online:2026-11-01 Published:2026-10-29
  • Contact: Ping Sun
  • Supported by:
    Interdisciplinary Research Project of Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine(RD2022JCXK01);Public Welfare Technology Project of Science Technology Department of Zhejiang Province(LGF22H-140007)

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摘要：

本文探讨了抗菌肽在种植体表面改性中的应用，以应对种植体周围炎导致的种植失败问题。通过分析抗菌肽的多靶点抗菌机制，包括膜靶向作用、代谢干扰、蛋白质合成抑制和免疫调节，系统总结了直接包被、烷基化包被和动态释放包被涂层3种表面改性策略的研究进展。抗菌肽能够抑制细菌生物膜的形成，有望降低种植体周围炎的发生率，同时提升种植体的抗菌性能和生物相容性，促进骨整合。抗菌肽在种植体表面改性中展现出广阔的应用前景，未来研究应进一步优化抗菌肽的结构与功能，并加强临床验证，以提高种植牙的成功率和患者的治疗效果。

关键词: 种植体, 表面改性, 抗菌肽, 种植体周围炎, 抗菌机制

Abstract:

This study explores the application of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) in implant surface modification to address implant failure caused by peri-implantitis. By analyzing the complex antibacterial mechanisms of AMP, including membrane targeting, metabolic disruption, protein synthesis inhibition, and immunomodulation, this study systematically reviews the research progress in three surface modification strategies: direct coating, alkylated coating, and dynamic release coating. Results indicate that AMP effectively inhibited bacterial biofilm formation, reduced the incidence of peri-implantitis, and enhanced the antimicrobial properties and biocompatibility of implants, thereby promoting osseointegration. AMP shows promising potential in implant surface modification. Future research should focus on optimizing AMP structures and functions, as well as strengthening clinical validation, to improve the success rate of dental implants and patient outcomes.

Key words: implant, surface modification, antimicrobial peptide, peri-implantitis, antibacterial mechanism

中图分类号: 

  • R783.4

图 1

膜活性抗菌肽4种作用机制的示意图A：桶状—壁状模式，抗菌肽分子以垂直于膜的方向插入，形成稳定跨膜通道导致胞内物质泄漏；B：环形—孔隙模式，抗菌肽分子插入膜内并与磷脂头部结合，形成环状孔隙引发膜损伤；C：地毯状模式，抗菌肽分子在膜表面形成覆盖层，通过诱导膜脂质重排破坏通透性；D：洗涤剂样模式，抗菌肽分子通过类似洗涤剂的作用使膜脂质双分子层弯曲崩解，直接破坏膜结构。图中，蓝色部分表示抗菌肽的疏水区域，红色部分表示亲水区域。"

图 2

3种涂层策略示意图"

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