国际口腔医学杂志

国际口腔医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (4): 456-465.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2025051

• 牙体牙髓专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

牙面黑色素沉着与铁、龋病关系的研究进展

王建鑫1,2(),王舒婷2,3,马雷1,2,岳金4,乔传跃5,林凯杰1,2,韩蕊2,3()   

  1. 1.青岛大学附属医院口腔修复科 青岛 266003
    2.青岛大学口腔医学院 青岛 266023
    3.青岛大学附属医院儿童口腔科 青岛 266003
    4.青岛大学附属医院口腔颌面外科 青岛 266003
    5.青岛市黄岛区中医医院口腔科 青岛 266000
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-04 修回日期:2025-01-06 出版日期:2025-07-01 发布日期:2025-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 韩蕊
  • 作者简介:王建鑫，硕士，Email：1035274849@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    山东省重点研发计划(2018GSF118167)

Advances in the research on the relationship among black tooth stain, iron, and caries

Jianxin Wang1,2(),Shuting Wang2,3,Lei Ma1,2,Jin Yue4,Chuanyue Qiao5,Kaijie Lin1,2,Rui Han2,3()   

  1. 1.Dept. of Prosthodontics, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
    2.School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266023, China
    3.Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
    4.Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
    5.Dept. of Stomatology, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Huangdao District, Qing-dao 266000, China
  • Received:2024-06-04 Revised:2025-01-06 Online:2025-07-01 Published:2025-06-20
  • Contact: Rui Han
  • Supported by:
    The Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2018GSF118167)

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摘要：

牙面黑色素沉着（BTS）表现为沿牙面龈缘分布的黑褐色条带，通常局限于牙颈部。BTS的病因与口腔菌群（放线菌、卟啉单胞菌等）密切相关，益生菌的应用也可能成为BTS治疗的一个潜在方向。流行病学研究表明，BTS与铁补充剂的使用、含铁饮食及饮水存在相关性，过量摄入含铁食物易增加BTS的发生风险。此外，铁与龋病也存在相关性，缺铁会增加龋病易感性。因此，本文通过文献回顾旨为BTS儿童提供饮食指导，展望BTS相关菌群的研究方向，并讨论BTS、龋病和铁之间的相互关系，以期为BTS和龋病的防治提供新的思路与策略。

关键词: 牙面黑色素沉着, 铁, 口腔菌群, 含铁饮食, 龋病, 放线菌, 普氏菌, 卟啉单胞菌

Abstract:

Black tooth stain (BTS) is characterized by brownish-black bands along the gingival margin. It is typically confined to the cervical region of the teeth. The etiology of BTS is closely linked to the oral microbiota, particularly bacteria, such as Actinomyces and Porphyromonas. Additionally, the use of probiotics may represent a potential therapeutic approach for BTS. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a significant correlation between BTS and iron supplement use, iron-rich diets, and iron-containing drinking water, with the excessive consumption of iron-rich foods increasing the risk of developing BTS. Moreover, an association exists between iron status and dental caries, with iron deficiency increasing susceptibility to caries. On the basis of the above findings, this review aims to provide dietary guidance for children with BTS; explore future research directions concerning the microbiota involved in BTS; and examine the interrelationship among BTS, dental caries, and iron. The goal of this review is to propose new strategies for the prevention and management of BTS and dental caries.

Key words: black tooth stain, iron, oral flora, iron-containing diet, caries, Actinomyces, Prevotella, Por-phyromonas

中图分类号: 

  • R78

表 1

BTS与含铁饮食相关性的流行病学调查结果"

研究例数/例年龄/岁含铁饮食相关性
吴海燕等[17]6753~6铁补充剂相关
钟南萍等[30]5973~6铁补充剂相关
Pushpanjali等[39]551≥4高铁饮水相关
Elakiya等[18]6005~74高铁饮水相关
Rebelo de Sousa等[36]3461~87巴西莓相关
Nuraeni等[45]164~8牛奶相关
Garcia Martin等[16]3 2736

乳制品

含铁高的豆类和蛋

铁补充剂

相关

相关

相关

Mesonjesi[46]947~53奶酪相关
Prskalo等[33]6015~25

甜菜

铁补充剂

相关

不相关

苗芬等[37]3823~5铁补充剂不相关
Ortiz-López等[38]9439.8铁补充剂不相关

图1

导致BTS的高铁饮食和饮水"

图2

富集在BTS和正常人间铁相关菌属的差异性研究"

图 3

BTS与铁、龋病的关系"

《口腔诊疗必备数字化技术全流程详解》出版发行"

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