Int J Stomatol

Int J Stomatol ›› 2020, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 581-588.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2020082

• Reviews • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Early biological management of early childhood caries

Deng Xiaoyu(),Zhang Yunhan,Zou Jing()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2019-11-03 Revised:2020-04-14 Online:2020-09-01 Published:2020-09-16
  • Contact: Jing Zou E-mail:dengdengdengxiaoyu@163.com;zoujing1970@126.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(81470035)

RichHTML

304

PDF (PC)

1657

Abstract:

Caries is the most common infectious bacterial disease in children. Severe early childhood caries often causes decreased masticatory efficacy, pain, and pulpitis and apical periodontitis, which seriously affect the oral, physical and mental health of children. In this study, we conducted risk assessment and preventive work on the basis of the occurrence and development of caries. When caries occurs, biological treatment is applied by cutting off the source of nutrition of the cariogenic bacteria and preventing remineralization. Pediatric dentists must implement the early management of early childhood caries, maintain the integrity and physiological functions of the primary dentition, and promote the healthy development of children’s mind and body.

Key words: early childhood caries, oral health management, micro-ecology, caries risk assessment

CLC Number: 

  • R781.1

TrendMD: 
[1] Tanner AC, Mathney JM, Kent RL, et al. Cultivable anaerobic microbiota of severe early childhood caries[J]. J Clin Microbiol, 2011,49(4):1464-1474.
doi: 10.1128/JCM.02427-10
[2] Gross EL, Beall CJ, Kutsch SR, et al. Beyond Strep-tococcus mutans: dental caries onset linked to mul-tiple species by 16S rRNA community analysis[J]. PLoS One, 2012,7(10):e47722.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047722 pmid: 23091642
[3] Bowen WH, Koo H. Biology of Streptococcus mu-tans-derived glucosyltransferases: role in extracellular matrix formation of cariogenic biofilms[J]. Caries Res, 2011,45(1):69-86.
doi: 10.1159/000324598
[4] 杜芹, 邹静, 李雨庆, 等. 健康儿童口腔微生物的定植[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2016,43(1):57-61.
doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2016.01.015
Du Q, Zou J, Li YQ , et al. The colonization of oral bacteria in healthy children[J]. Int J Stomatol, 2016,43(1):57-61.
doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2016.01.015
[5] 邹静, 尚冉, 周学东. 儿童口腔中变形链球菌传播方式的研究[J]. 中华口腔医学杂志, 2006,41(5):269-271.
Zou J, Shang R, Zhou XD . Transmission way of oral Streptococcus mutans in children[J]. Chin J Stomatol, 2006,41(5):269-271.
[6] Liu Y, Zou J, Shang R, et al. Genotypic diversity of Streptococcus mutans in 3- to 4-year-old Chinese nursery children suggests horizontal transmission[J]. Arch Oral Biol, 2007,52(9):876-881.
doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2007.03.004
[7] 尚冉, 邹静, 周学东. 变形链球菌在日托儿童口腔中水平传播的初探[J]. 华西口腔医学杂志, 2006,24(6):527-529.
Shang R, Zou J, Zhou XD . Study on the horizontal transmission of oral Streptococcus mutans in day-nursery children[J]. West China J Stomatol, 2006,24(6):527-529.
[8] 邹静, 尚冉, 凌均棨, 等. 全托儿童口腔变形链球菌水平传播的初步研究[J]. 华西口腔医学杂志, 2005,23(5):388-390.
Zou J, Shang R, Ling JQ , et al. Study on the horizon-tal transmission of oral Streptococcus mutans in children[J]. West China J Stomatol, 2005,23(5):388-390.
[9] 王伟健, 李仪红, 卞金有. 北京儿童乳恒牙患龋状况八年纵向研究[J]. 中华口腔医学杂志, 2003,38(4):279-281.
Wang WJ, Li YH, Bian JY . An eight-year longitu-dinal study for caries status on primary and per-manent dentitions in Beijing children[J]. Chin J Stomatol, 2003,38(4):279-281.
[10] Köhler B, Andréen I. Mutans streptococci and caries prevalence in children after early maternal caries prevention: a follow-up at eleven and fifteen years of age[J]. Caries Res, 2010,44(5):453-458.
doi: 10.1159/000320168 pmid: 20838044
[11] Jiang EM, Lo ECM, Chu CH, et al. Prevention of early childhood caries (ECC) through parental tooth-brushing training and fluoride varnish application: a 24-month randomized controlled trial[J]. J Dent, 2014,42(12):1543-1550.
doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2014.10.002 pmid: 25448437
[12] Simón-Soro A, Mira A. Solving the etiology of dental caries[J]. Trends Microbiol, 2015,23(2):76-82.
doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2014.10.010 pmid: 25435135
[13] Xiao J, Huang XL, Alkhers N, et al. Candida albicans and early childhood caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Caries Res, 2018,52(1/2):102-112.
doi: 10.1159/000481833
[14] Tao Y, Zhou Y, Ouyang Y, et al. Dynamics of oral microbial community profiling during severe early childhood caries development monitored by PCR-DGGE[J]. Arch Oral Biol, 2013,58(9):1129-1138.
doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.04.005
[15] Macek MD, Heller KE, Selwitz RH, et al. Is 75 percent of dental caries really found in 25 percent of the population[J]. J Public Health Dent, 2004,64(1):20-25.
pmid: 15078057
[16] 杨琳, 张君平, 李继遥. 龋病风险评估系统的研究进展[J]. 牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志, 2015,25(3):179-183.
Yang L, Zhang JP, Li JY . Research progress on caries risk assessment system[J]. Chin J Conserv Dent, 2015,25(3):179-183.
[17] Mejàre I, Axelsson S, Dahlén G, et al. Caries risk assessment. A systematic review[J]. Acta Odontol Scand, 2014,72(2):81-91.
doi: 10.3109/00016357.2013.822548
[18] Hemadi AS, Huang RJ, Zhou Y, et al. Salivary pro-teins and microbiota as biomarkers for early childhood caries risk assessment[J]. Int J Oral Sci, 2017,9(11):e1.
pmid: 29125139
[19] Guo LH, Shi WY. Salivary biomarkers for caries risk assessment[J]. J Calif Dent Assoc, 2013, 41(2): 107-109, 112-118.
pmid: 23505756
[20] 邹静. 儿童龋病的风险性评估[J]. 华西口腔医学杂志, 2014,32(1):1-4.
doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2014.01.001
Zou J . Caries risk assessment in children[J]. West China J Stomatol, 2014,32(1):1-4.
doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2014.01.001
[21] Hujoel PP, Cunha-Cruz J, Banting DW, et al. Dental flossing and interproximal caries: a systematic review[J]. J Dent Res, 2006,85(4):298-305.
pmid: 16567548
[22] Kumar S, Tadakamadla J, Johnson NW. Effect of toothbrushing frequency on incidence and increment of dental caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Dent Res, 2016,95(11):1230-1236.
pmid: 27334438
[23] Pinto GDS, Azevedo MS, Goettems ML, et al. Are maternal factors predictors for early childhood caries? Results from a cohort in southern Brazil[J]. Braz Dent J, 2017,28(3):391-397.
pmid: 29297562
[24] Marinho VC, Higgins JP, Logan S, et al. Topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels or varnishes) for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents [J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2003(4): CD002782.
pmid: 25900414
[25] Walsh T, Worthington HV, Glenny AM, et al. Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2010(1): CD007868.
pmid: 26799001
[26] Marinho VC, Worthington HV, Walsh T, et al. Fluoride varnishes for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2013 (7): CD002279.
pmid: 26214143
[27] Marinho VC, Worthington HV, Walsh T, et al. Fluo-ride gels for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2015 (6): CD002280.
pmid: 27327415
[28] Marinho VC, Higgins JP, Sheiham A, et al. Combina-tions of topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels, varnishes) versus single topical fluoride for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents [J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2004(1): CD002781.
pmid: 26799001
[29] Tubert-Jeannin S, Auclair C, Amsallem E, et al. Fluoride supplements (tablets, drops, lozenges or chewing gums) for preventing dental caries in chil-dren[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2011(12): CD007592.
pmid: 26690977
[30] 王静, 王艳, 王川东, 等. 甘草及其提取物在防治口腔感染相关疾病中的应用[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2018,45(5):546-552.
Wang J, Wang Y, Wang CD , et al. Application of liquorice and its extract to the prevention and treat-ment of oral infections and associated diseases[J]. Int J Stomatol, 2018,45(5):546-552.
[31] Cagetti MG, Mastroberardino S, Milia E, et al. The use of probiotic strains in caries prevention: a syste-matic review[J]. Nutrients, 2013,5(7):2530-2550.
pmid: 23857225
[32] Ferrazzano GF, Cantile T, Sangianantoni G, et al. The effects of short-term consumption of com-mercial yogurt on salivary mutans streptococci and lactobacilli counts: an in vivo investigation[J]. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2011,65(10):1170-1172.
doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.54
[33] Sönmez IS, Aras S. Effect of white cheese and su-garless yoghurt on dental plaque acidogenicity[J]. Caries Res, 2007,41(3):208-211.
pmid: 17426401
[34] Rodríguez G, Ruiz B, Faleiros S, et al. Probiotic compared with standard milk for high-caries children: a cluster randomized trial[J]. J Dent Res, 2016,95(4):402-407.
pmid: 26747421
[35] Ashwin D, Ke V, Taranath M, et al. Effect of pro-biotic containing ice-cream on salivary mutans strep-tococci (SMS) levels in children of 6-12 years of age: a randomized controlled double blind study with six-months follow up[J]. J Clin Diagn Res, 2015, 9(2): ZC06-ZC09.
pmid: 25859515
[36] Caglar E, Cildir SK, Ergeneli S, et al. Salivary mu-tans streptococci and lactobacilli levels after inges-tion of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55730 by straws or tablets[J]. Acta Odontol Scand, 2006,64(5):314-318.
pmid: 16945898
[37] Palmer CA, Kent R Jr, Loo CY, et al. Diet and caries-associated bacteria in severe early childhood caries[J]. J Dent Res, 2010,89(11):1224-1229.
doi: 10.1177/0022034510376543
[38] Moynihan PJ, Kelly SA. Effect on caries of restric-ting sugars intake: systematic review to inform WHO guidelines[J]. J Dent Res, 2014,93(1):8-18.
doi: 10.1177/0022034513508954
[39] AAPD. Policy on dietary recommendations for in-fants, children, and adolescents[J]. Pediatr Dent, 2018,40(6):65-67.
[40] AAPD. Policy on the use of xylitol[J]. Pediatr Dent, 2018,40(6):55-57.
[41] Wright JT, Crall JJ, Fontana M, et al. Evidence-based clinical practice guideline for the use of pit-and-fissure sealants: a report of the American Dental Association and the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry[J]. J Am Dent Assoc, 2016, 147(8): 672-682.e12.
doi: 10.1016/j.adaj.2016.06.001 pmid: 27470525
[42] Adler P. The incidence of dental caries in adolescents with different occlusion[J]. J Dent Res, 1956,35(3):344-349.
pmid: 13332136
[43] Stahl F, Grabowski R. Malocclusion and caries pre-valence: is there a connection in the primary and mixed dentitions[J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2004,8(2):86-90.
pmid: 14691677
[44] Gao XL, Jiang S, Koh D, et al. Salivary biomarkers for dental caries[J]. Periodontol 2000, 2016,70(1):128-141.
doi: 10.1111/prd.12100 pmid: 26662487
[45] Picco DCR, Lopes LM, Rocha Marques M, et al. Children with a higher activity of carbonic anhydrase Ⅵ in saliva are more likely to develop dental caries[J]. Caries Res, 2017,51(4):394-401.
doi: 10.1159/000470849 pmid: 28633135
[46] Burne RA, Marquis RE. Alkali production by oral bacteria and protection against dental caries[J]. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 2000,193(1):1-6.
doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09393.x pmid: 11094270
[47] Zheng X, He JZ, Wang L, et al. Ecological effect of arginine on oral microbiota[J]. Sci Rep, 2017,7(1):7206.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-07042-w pmid: 28775282
[48] Acevedo AM, Machado C, Rivera LE, et al. The inhibitory effect of an arginine bicarbonate/calcium carbonate CaviStat-containing dentifrice on the de-velopment of dental caries in Venezuelan school children[J]. J Clin Dent, 2005,16(3):63-70.
pmid: 16305004
[49] Acevedo AM, Montero M, Rojas-Sanchez F, et al. Clinical evaluation of the ability of CaviStat in a mint confection to inhibit the development of dental caries in children[J]. J Clin Dent, 2008,19(1):1-8.
pmid: 18500152
[50] Kraivaphan P, Amornchat C, Triratana T, et al. Two-year caries clinical study of the efficacy of novel dentifrices containing 1.5% arginine, an insoluble calcium compound and 1,450 ppm fluoride[J]. Caries Res, 2013,47(6):582-590.
doi: 10.1159/000353183
[51] Hu S, Meyer B, Duggal M. A silver renaissance in dentistry[J]. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent, 2018,19(4):221-227.
doi: 10.1007/s40368-018-0363-7 pmid: 30094547
[52] Chu CH, Lo EC, Lin HC. Effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride and sodium fluoride varnish in arresting dentin caries in Chinese pre-school chil-dren[J]. J Dent Res, 2002,81(11):767-770.
doi: 10.1177/0810767 pmid: 12407092
[53] Llodra JC, Rodriguez A, Ferrer B, et al. Efficacy of silver diamine fluoride for caries reduction in pri-mary teeth and first permanent molars of school-children: 36-month clinical trial[J]. J Dent Res, 2005,84(8):721-724.
doi: 10.1177/154405910508400807 pmid: 16040729
[54] Zhi QH, Lo EC, Lin HC. Randomized clinical trial on effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride and glass ionomer in arresting dentine caries in preschool chil-dren[J]. J Dent, 2012,40(11):962-967.
doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.08.002 pmid: 22892463
[55] Fung MHT, Duangthip D, Wong MCM, et al. Rando-mized clinical trial of 12% and 38% silver diamine fluoride treatment[J]. J Dent Res, 2018,97(2):171-178.
doi: 10.1177/0022034517728496 pmid: 28846469
[56] Fung MHT, Duangthip D, Wong MCM, et al. Arres-ting dentine caries with different concentration and periodicity of silver diamine fluoride[J]. JDR Clin Trans Res, 2016,1(2):143-152.
pmid: 28989974
[57] Yee R, Holmgren C, Mulder J, et al. Efficacy of silver diamine fluoride for arresting caries treat-ment[J]. J Dent Res, 2009,88(7):644-647.
doi: 10.1177/0022034509338671 pmid: 19641152
[58] AAPD. Chairside guide: silver diamine fluoride in the management of dental caries lesions[J]. Pediatr Dent, 2018,40(6):492-517.
pmid: 32074924
[59] Innes NP, Evans DJ, Stirrups DR. The Hall technique; a randomized controlled clinical trial of a novel me-thod of managing carious primary molars in general dental practice: acceptability of the technique and outcomes at 23 months[J]. BMC Oral Health, 2007,7:18.
doi: 10.1186/1472-6831-7-18 pmid: 18096042
[60] Innes NP, Evans DJ, Stirrups DR. Sealing caries in primary molars: randomized control trial, 5-year results[J]. J Dent Res, 2011,90(12):1405-1410.
doi: 10.1177/0022034511422064
[61] Santamaria RM, Innes NP, Machiulskiene V, et al. Caries management strategies for primary molars: 1-yr randomized control trial results[J]. J Dent Res, 2014,93(11):1062-1069.
doi: 10.1177/0022034514550717
[62] 陈智, 卢展民, Schwendicke F , 等. 龋损管理: 龋坏组织去除的专家共识[J]. 中华口腔医学杂志, 2016,51(12):712-716.
Chen Z, Lu ZM, Schwendicke F , et al. Managing carious lesions: consensus recommendations on carious tissue removal[J]. Chin J Stomatol, 2016,51(12):712-716.
[63] Coll JA, Seale NS, Vargas K, et al. Primary tooth vital pulp therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Pediatr Dent, 2017,39(1):16-123.
pmid: 28292337
[64] Wunsch PB, Kuhnen MM, Best AM, et al. Retrospe-ctive study of the survival rates of indirect pulp the-rapy versus different pulpotomy medicaments[J]. Pediatr Dent, 2016,38(5):406-411.
pmid: 28206897
[65] Lenzi TL, Montagner AF, Soares FZ, et al. Are to-pical fluorides effective for treating incipient carious lesions? A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Am Dent Assoc, 2016, 147(2): 84-91.e1.
doi: 10.1016/j.adaj.2015.06.018 pmid: 26562737
[66] Murakami C, Bönecker M, Corrêa MS, et al. Effect of fluoride varnish and gel on dental erosion in pri-mary and permanent teeth[J]. Arch Oral Biol, 2009,54(11):997-1001.
doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.08.003
[67] Zhou CH, Zhang DL, Bai YX, et al. Casein phos-phopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate reminera-lization of primary teeth early enamel lesions[J]. J Dent, 2014,42(1):21-29.
doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2013.11.005 pmid: 24269831
[68] Memarpour M, Fakhraei E, Dadaein S, et al. Efficacy of fluoride varnish and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate for remineralization of primary teeth: a randomized clinical trial[J]. Med Princ Pract, 2015,24(3):231-237.
pmid: 25895964
[69] Sitthisettapong T, Doi T, Nishida Y, et al. Effect of CPP-ACP paste on enamel carious lesion of primary upper anterior teeth assessed by quantitative light-induced fluorescence: a one-year clinical trial[J]. Caries Res, 2015, 49(4): 434-441.
pmid: 26228178
[1] Gao Ruofan,Xia Bin.. Severe early childhood caries management based on chronic disease management [J]. Int J Stomatol, 2023, 50(3): 341-346.
[2] Zhu Jinyi,Fan Qi,Zhou Yuan,Zou Jing,Huang Ruijie. Research progress of salivary proteins as predictive biomarkers for early childhood caries [J]. Int J Stomatol, 2022, 49(2): 212-219.
[3] Wang Chunyan, Zhang Kun, Jiang Songlei. Research progress on polylactic acid post for the repairment of residual crown and root in deciduous teeth [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2018, 45(1): 74-77.
[4] Zheng Liwei1, Zou Jing1, Xia Bin2, Liu Yingqun3, Huang Yang4, Zhao Jin5. Restoration of preformed metal crown on dental caries of primary molars [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2017, 44(2): 125-129.
[5] Zou Jing1, Qin Man2, Wang Jun3, Huang Hua4, Lin Juhong5, Zhou Xuedong1.. Common dental diseases in children and malocclusion [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2016, 43(6): 619-623.
[6] Huang Hui, Zhang Qiong, Zou Jing. Research progress on oral microbiota of early childhood caries [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2016, 43(3): 295-297.
[7] Yang Xiaoqiong1, Zou Jing2.. Researches of oral microbiota associated with early-childhood caries [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2011, 38(4): 455-459.
[8] QIU Rong-min, ZHAO Wei. Impact of the mother on early childhood caries [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2010, 37(3): 341-341～343，347.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(06): .
[2] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(05): .
[3] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(05): .
[4] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(05): .
[5] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(05): .
[6] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(04): .
[7] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 2005, 32(06): 458 -460 .
[8] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 2005, 32(06): 452 -454 .
[9] . [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2008, 35(S1): .
[10] . [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2008, 35(S1): .