Int J Stomatol

Int J Stomatol ›› 2020, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2): 152-158.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2020040

• Original Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Comparative study of the retention force of titanium-alloy clasps fabricated through selective laser melting and casting

Liu Chunxu,Lu Yuqing,Jia Luming,Dong Bo,Zhang Qianqian,Yu Haiyang()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2019-06-11 Revised:2019-12-04 Online:2020-03-01 Published:2020-03-12
  • Contact: Haiyang Yu E-mail:yhyang6812@scu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81571006)

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Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to determine the effects of 3D printing and casting on the retention force of titanium-alloy clasps by simulating clasp removal and wear by patients to provide a reference for the clinical design and manufacture of clasps. Methods Preparatory abutment teeth, crowns, and clasps were designed through computer-aided design. The clasps were designed with two undercut depths of 0.25 and 0.75 mm while the other parameters were held constant. The processing technology was divided into three groups. The experimental group used EOSINT and Concept Laser to 3D print the designed data, whereas the control group used casting technology. A total of 36 groups were set. A universal mechanical tester was used to simulate the cycle test of the clasps with a total cycle of 15 000 times. The initial retention force was recorded, and the retention force was recorded every 1 500 times. Results By using the same processing technology, the retention force of the undercut depth of 0.75 mm was greater than that of 0.25 mm. The retention force of the titanium-alloy clasp formed through selective laser melting (SLM) with the same parameters was greater than that of the clasps fabricated through casting. EOSINT and Concept Laser did not have different retentive forces. Conclusion The retention force of the titanium alloy clasp produced through SLM technology was higher than that of the clasp fabricated through casting. The undercut depth of titanium-alloy clasps machined by casting should be 0.75 mm. Titanium-alloy clasps that can meet clinical requirements can be produced through using digital design, 3D printing, and an undercut depth of 0.25 mm. The retention forces of titanium-alloy clasps fabricated through EOSINT and Concept Laser SLM systems were the same.

Key words: 3D printing, clasp, retention force, titanium alloy

CLC Number: 

  • R783.1

TrendMD: 

Fig 1

Three-dimensional design sketch of clasp, crown and abutment"

Tab 1

SLM parameter setting of titanium alloy clasp"

测量项目 激光功率/W 扫描速度/（mm·s-1） 厚度/mm 扫描间距/mm
实体 280 1 200 0.03 0.14
支撑 60 700 0.06 —

Fig 2

Samples of clasp after printing, heat treatment and polishing"

Fig 3

Three dimensional and physical comparison of two kinds of undercut depth of clasp samples"

Fig 4

Three-dimensional model of experiment sample and stationary fixture"

Tab 2

Retention force change of clasps during 15 000 cycles"

循环次数 EOS CL Cast
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅰ Ⅱ
0 8.93±0.64 11.46±0.60 9.66±0.40 11.94±0.43 6.91±0.57 9.68±0.50
1 500 8.19±0.62 10.14±1.22 8.51±0.55 10.97±0.68 6.54±0.89 8.92±0.50
3 000 7.88±0.57 9.64±1.31 7.81±0.65 9.97±0.59 5.92±0.16 8.44±0.50
4 500 7.64±0.61 9.08±1.14 7.36±0.64 9.43±0.73 5.71±0.29 8.13±0.49
6 000 7.28±0.67 8.57±0.97 6.85±0.65 8.95±0.72 5.23±0.36 7.70±0.50
7 500 6.86±0.68 8.12±0.90 6.57±0.70 8.32±0.57 4.98±0.44 7.16±0.30
9 000 6.55±0.51 7.81±0.81 6.42±0.70 7.61±0.63 4.68±0.49 6.67±0.27
10 500 6.25±0.38 7.34±0.78 6.22±0.58 7.22±0.59 4.36±0.22 6.24±0.18
12 000 5.99±0.38 6.98±0.55 6.12±0.54 7.09±0.51 4.14±0.60 5.85±0.20
13 500 5.59±0.40 6.67±0.49 6.03±0.49 7.04±0.47 3.93±0.57 5.50±0.38
15 000 5.37±0.52 6.58±0.44 5.98±0.49 7.01±0.43 3.75±0.56 5.19±0.39

Fig 5

Line chart of retaining force change in 15 000 cycles"

Tab 3

P-values of retention forces per 1 500 cycles for two kinds of undercut depth of clasp samples"

倒凹深度/mm 0 1 500 3 000 4 500 6 000 7 500 9 000 10 500 12 000 13 500 15 000
0.25 0.030 0.164 0.847 0.437 0.254 0.464 0.703 0.909 0.623 0.109 0.052
0.75 0.128 0.164 0.566 0.522 0.444 0.629 0.635 0.765 0.711 0.191 0.108

Fig 6

SEM images on the worn part of the clasp sample after the end of the cycle"

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