国际口腔医学杂志

国际口腔医学杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 640-649.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2019105

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

岭南地区广府民系人群下颌第二恒磨牙牙根和根管形态的锥形束CT研究

黎祺1,2,黄少宏1()   

  1. 1. 南方医科大学口腔医院特诊中心 广州 510280
    2. 肇庆医学高等专科学校口腔医学系 肇庆 526020
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-22 修回日期:2019-06-04 出版日期:2019-11-01 发布日期:2019-11-14
  • 通讯作者: 黄少宏
  • 作者简介:黎祺,副教授,硕士,Email： <email>Licy113@163.com</email>
  • 基金资助:
    广东省教育厅自然科学特色创新类项目(2017KTSCX03-6);广东省教育厅高水平大学建设经费南方医科大学临床研究项目(LC2017PY001)

Cone beam computed tomography study on root and root canal morphology of mandibular second permanent molars in Guangfu population in Lingnan area

Li Qi1,2,Huang Shaohong1()   

  1. 1. Special Dental Center, Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
    2. Dept. of Stomatology, Zhaoqing Medical College, Zhaoqing 526020, China
  • Received:2019-03-22 Revised:2019-06-04 Online:2019-11-01 Published:2019-11-14
  • Contact: Shaohong Huang
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by Natural Science Innovation Project of Guangdong Education Department(2017KTSCX03-6);Construction Funds for High Level Universities of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education—Clinical Research Project of Southern Medical University(LC2017PY001)

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摘要： 目的 研究岭南地区广府民系人群下颌第二恒磨牙的牙根和根管形态。 方法 收集广府民系患者815份锥形束CT（CBCT）影像学资料共1 279颗下颌第二恒磨牙,观察和统计牙根和根管形态,并与近年的国内外同类研究进行比较和分析。 结果 下颌第二恒磨牙双根型占57.16%、C形根型占32.84%、锥形融合根型占9.77%、三根型占0.23%,其中双根型检出率男性高于女性（P<0.05）,C形根型检出率女性高于男性（P<0.05）,女性中不同年龄段的双根型和C形根型检出率差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）;双根型的近中根的根管形态主要为Ⅳ型（2-2）38.58%、Ⅱ型（2-1）28.73%和Ⅰ型（1-1）22.98%,其中Ⅰ型（1-1）根管检出率女性明显高于男性（P<0.01）,Ⅳ型（2-2）根管检出率男性明显高于女性（P<0.01）,双根型的远中根以Ⅰ型（1-1）根管为主,占81.67%,近中根和远中根各个根管形态检出率的差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;C形根管检出率女性高于男性（P<0.05）,各种根管形态检出率在根管不同部位的差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;锥形融合根型的C形根管型62.40%、多根管型20.00%、单根管型17.60%,其中多根管型检出率男性明显高于女性（P<0.01）;双侧牙根形态对称68.10%,双侧牙根和根管形态完全对称62.93%。 结论 岭南地区广府民系人群下颌第二恒磨牙牙根及根管形态复杂多样,与国内外其他地区和种族有一定差异性。

关键词: 下颌第二恒磨牙, 牙根, 根管, 锥形束CT, 广府民系

Abstract: Objective To research the root and root canal morphology of mandibular second permanent molars in Guangfu population of Lingnan area.Methods A total of 1 279 mandibular second permanent molars were collected from the 815 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of Guangfu population. The root and root canal morphology were observed and counted. The results are compared and analyzed with similar studies at home and abroad in recent years. Results The double roots type, C-shaped root type, conical fusion root type, and three roots type of mandibular second permanent molar accounted for 57.16%, 32.84%, 9.77% and 0.23%, respectively. The detection rate of double roots type in males was higher than that in females (P<0.05), but that of C-shaped root type was on the contrary. There were significant differences in the detection rate of double roots type among different age groups in women, and so was that of C-shaped root type (P<0.01). The root canal morphology in mesial root of the double roots type was 38.58% in type Ⅳ (2-2), 28.73% in type Ⅱ (2-1) and 22.98% in type Ⅰ (1-1), and the detection rate of type Ⅰ (1-1) root canals in females was significantly higher than that in males (P<0.01), but that of typeⅣ (2-2) root canals was the opposite. Type Ⅰ (1-1) root canals were the main type of distal root, accounting for 81.67%, and the difference among the root canal morphology detection rate of distal and mesial roots had statistical significance (P<0.01). The detection rate of C-shaped root canals in females was higher than that in males (P<0.05), and the detection rates of various root canal morphology in different parts of root canal had statistical significance (P<0.01). Among conical fusion root types, C-shaped root canal type was 62.40%, multiple root canal type was 20.00%, single root canal type was 17.60%, and the detection rate of multiple root canal type in males was significantly higher than that in females (P<0.01). The morphological symmetry of bilateral root was 68.10%, and that of bilateral root and root canal was 62.93%. Conclusion The root and root canal morphology of mandibular second permanent molars in Guangfu population of Lingnan region is complex and diverse, which is different from other regions and races at home and abroad.

Key words: mandibular second permanent molar, tooth root, root canal, cone beam computed tomography, Guangfu population

中图分类号: 

  • R322.4 +1

"

表 1

1 279颗下颌第二恒磨牙的牙根形态"

牙根形态 总计 性别 男性组 女性组
男 女 18~35岁 36~55岁 ≥56岁 18~35岁 36~55岁 ≥56岁
双根型 731 365 366 144 120 101 112 110 144
C形根型 420 179 241 80 56 43 101 82 58
锥形融合根型 125 53 72 13 25 15 30 23 19
三根型 3 3 0 0 2 1 0 0 0
合计 1 279 600 679 237 203 160 243 215 221

表 2

双根型下颌第二恒磨牙近中根的根管形态"

根管形态 总计 性别 男性组 女性组
男 女 18~35岁 36~55岁 ≥56岁 18~35岁 36~55岁 ≥56岁
Ⅰ型（1-1） 168 66 102 23 25 18 36 32 34
Ⅱ型（2-1） 210 108 102 49 33 26 29 38 35
Ⅲ型（1-2-1） 32 32 16 7 3 6 6 1 9
Ⅳ型（2-2） 282 159 123 59 54 46 35 33 55
Ⅴ型（1-2） 28 9 19 2 2 5 5 3 11
Ⅵ型（2-1-2） 3 3 0 1 2 0 0 0 0
Ⅶ型（1-2-1-2） 8 4 4 3 1 0 1 3 0
Ⅷ型（3-3） 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
合计 731 365 366 144 120 101 112 110 144

表 3

双根型下颌第二恒磨牙的根管形态"

牙根 Ⅰ型（1-1） Ⅱ型（2-1） Ⅲ型（1-2-1） Ⅳ型（2-2） Ⅴ型（1-2） Ⅵ型（2-1-2） Ⅶ型（1-2-1-2） Ⅷ型（3-3） 合计
近中根 168 210 32 282 28 3 8 0 731
远中根 597 17 31 43 43 0 0 0 731

"

表 4

420颗C形根型下颌第二恒磨牙的根管形态"

根管部位 C1型 C2型 C3型 C4型 C5型 合计
根管口 181 165 74 0 0 420
根中部 78 172 159 11 0 420
根尖部 15 68 274 61 2 420
合计 274 405 507 72 2 -

"

表 5

锥形融合根型下颌第二恒磨牙的根管形态"

根管形态 总计 性别 男性组 女性组
男 女 18~35岁 36~55岁 ≥56岁 18~35岁 36~55岁 ≥56岁
C形根管型 78 26 52 5 13 8 23 18 11
多根管型 25 18 7 5 8 5 2 2 3
单根管型 22 9 13 3 4 2 5 3 5
合计 125 53 72 13 25 15 30 23 19

表 6

25颗锥形融合根型下颌第二恒磨牙多根管型的根管形态"

根管 Ⅰ型（1-1） Ⅱ型（2-1） Ⅲ型（1-2-1） Ⅳ型（2-2） Ⅴ型（1-2） Ⅵ型（2-1-2） Ⅶ型 （1-2-1-2） Ⅷ型（3-3） 合计
近中方向根管 10 5 1 8 1 0 0 0 25
远中方向根管 19 2 0 2 2 0 0 0 25

图 4

下颌第二恒磨牙牙根和根管形态的对称性 A：双侧牙根和根管形态对称（双根型）;B：双侧牙根和根管形态对称（锥形融合根型）;C：双侧牙根形态不对称;D：双侧牙根形态对称而根管形态不对称。"

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