冲牙器在正畸患者口腔卫生维护中的研究进展

doi:10.7518/gjkq.2025091

Abstract

Abstract:

Orthodontic treatment is an effective intervention for the correction of malocclusion, contributing to improved masticatory function and facial aesthetics. However, the presence of orthodontic appliances can impede oral hygiene practices and elevate the risk of dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontal disease. Oral irrigators, a novel adjunctive oral hygiene tool, have gained popularity among orthodontic patients. This review summarizes the working principles and clinical application of oral irrigators, examines the unique oral hygiene challenges faced by orthodontic patients, and eva-luates the efficacy of oral irrigators in this population. Additionally, future directions for their use are discussed. Evidence suggests that oral irrigators, which employ pulsating water streams to disrupt plaque biofilms, are effective in reducing plaque accumulation and are particularly beneficial in areas that are difficult to access with traditional interdental brushes and dental floss.

Key words: oral irrigator, orthodontics, oral hygiene

CLC Number:

R783.5

TrendMD:

Xinyu Wen,Mo Zhou,Ruolin Ding,Ruiyang Ren,Zhihe Zhao. Progress in the study of oral hygiene maintenance for orthodontic patients with oral irrigators[J].Int J Stomatol, 2025, 52(6): 755-763.

Figures/Tables 1

Tab 1

References 62

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年份	研究类型	纳入人群年龄	正畸类型	人数	清洁方式	试验周期	评价指标	有效性	参考文献
2016	RCT	22~28岁	固定	50	①冲牙器+正畸牙刷； ②仅刷牙	84 d	PI、GI、BI	冲牙器+正畸牙刷更有效	[42]
2023	RCT	10~20岁	固定	40	①冲牙器+刷牙； ②仅刷牙	56周	PI、GI、BI	差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）	[43]
2023	RCT	11~15岁	固定	45	①冲牙器+刷牙； ②正畸牙刷； ③普通牙刷	单次使用	PI	差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）	[44]
2019	RCT	＞12岁	固定	50	①电动牙刷+冲牙器+漱口水； ②仅刷牙	28 d	菌斑百分比、GI、BS	电动牙刷+冲牙器+漱口水更有效	[45]
2022	RCT 同口对照	18~35岁	固定	34	①冲牙器+刷牙； ②牙线+刷牙	单次使用	RMNPI	均有效，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）	[46]
2024	RCT	成人	固定	30	①冲牙器+刷牙； ②牙线+刷牙	14 d	BI、PI、GI	均有效，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）	[47]
2023	RCT 交叉试验	成人	固定	17	①冲牙器+刷牙； ②牙线+刷牙	28 d	RMNPI、GBI	牙线更有效，冲牙器仅推荐用于牙线不容易到达的区域	[48]
2022	干预性研究	13~30岁	固定；隐形	50	①固定：正畸牙刷+邻间刷+单束刷； ②隐形：软毛牙刷+牙线； ③84 d后出现致病菌群的个体：电动牙刷+冲牙器	84 d（正畸）+ 84 d（冲牙器干预）	相差显微镜微生物分析	冲牙器结合电动牙刷可恢复有致病菌群受试者的口腔卫生	[49]

Progress in the study of oral hygiene maintenance for orthodontic patients with oral irrigators

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