Int J Stomatol

Int J Stomatol ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (3): 296-307.doi: 10.7158/gjkq.2025024

• Periodontitis • Previous Articles    

Clinical efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells on periodontal regeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Tianyuan Li1,2(),Tongxin Zhu2,Qing Liu2,Yingchun Dong3,Bin Chen2()   

  1. 1.Dept. of Stomatology, the 904th Hospital of Joint Logistics Unit of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Changzhou 213000, China
    2.Dept. of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
    3.Dept. of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
  • Received:2024-05-26 Revised:2024-09-22 Online:2025-05-01 Published:2025-04-30
  • Contact: Bin Chen E-mail:719022084@qq.com;361734128@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(82401135);Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Pro-vince(BK20220199);Nanjing Health Science and Technology Development Special Fund Project(ZKX22054)

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Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to compare the differences in clinical attachment level (CAL), periodontal probing depth (PPD), gingival recession (GR), and bone defect depth (BDD) between patients undergoing periodontal surgeries with and without mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and to evaluate the clinical efficacy of MSCs in periodontal regeneration through a meta-analysis. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and CBM were comprehensively searched for randomized controlled studies (RCTs) about MSC therapy for perio-dontal defects in patients with periodontitis up to April 1, 2024. Literature selection, data collection, and evaluation of bias were conducted by two researchers independently, and then data were analyzed through RevMan 5.4 software and Stata 15.1 software. Results Six studies were enrolled. The meta-analysis results showed that the experimental group had more significant improvement in CAL and decrease in PPD and BDD (P<0.05). However, no signi-ficant difference was found in efficacy between the two groups in terms of GR (P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with traditional periodontal regeneration methods, the application of MSCs may have some advantages. However, potential he-terogeneity among the included RCTs and limitations on the quantity and quality of these studies necessitate cautious interpretation of the findings. Further high-quality RCTs with a large sample size and a multicentral character are required to prove the efficacy of MSCs in periodontal regeneration.

Key words: mesenchymal stem cell, periodontal regeneration, periodontitis, alveolar bone loss

CLC Number: 

  • R781.4

TrendMD: 

Fig 1

Flow diagram of the literature search"

Tab 1

Basic characteristics of the included studies"

纳入文献国家受试者人数年龄/岁

干细胞

类型

缺损数量（T/C）

缺损类型

（T/C）

试验组

治疗

对照组

治疗

基线/mm结局指标随访时间/月
TCTC
Ferrarotti等[11]意大利

男：8

女：7

男：6

女：8

39~69自体牙髓干细胞15/14

骨下袋：

一壁（7/5）；

二壁（4/5）；

三壁（4/4）

①牙髓干细胞+胶原海绵支架；

②微创手术

①生理盐水+胶原海绵支架；

②微创手术

CAL：10.0±1.6

PPD：8.3±1.2

GR：1.7±1.2

BDD：6.4±1.4

CAL：9.4±1.5

PPD：7.9±1.3

GR：1.5±0.8

BDD：5.6±1.0

CAL

PPD

GR

BDD

12
Chen等[12]中国

男：2

女：18

男：6

女：15

18~65自体牙周膜干细胞20/21骨下袋异种骨替代材料+细胞膜片异种骨替代材料

CAL：5.15±1.52

PPD：6.43±1.92

GR：0.70±1.09

CAL：5.28±1.60

PPD：5.68±1.59

GR：0.62±0.89

CAL

PPD

GR

12

Abdal-Wa?

hab等[10]

埃及

男：5

女：5

男：4

女：6

32~50自体牙龈成纤维细胞+牙龈间充质干细胞10/10

骨下袋

二壁（7/6）；

三壁（3/4）

牙龈成纤维细胞+牙龈MSC+β-磷酸三钙+胶原膜β-磷酸三钙+胶原膜

CAL：6.30±2.06

PPD：7.50±2.42

CAL：5.30±0.95

PPD：6.50±0.53

CAL

PPD

6
Apatzidou等[8]希腊

男：3

女：6

男：7

女：11

20~68自体骨髓间充质干细胞

9/18

（阳性对照组：10；阴性对照组：8）

骨下袋

一壁（0/5）；

二壁（3/3）；

三壁（6/10）

①骨髓MSC+自体纤维蛋白/血小板裂解液+胶原支架；

②微创手术

阳性对照组：

①自体纤维蛋白/血小板裂解液+胶原支架；

②微创手术

阴性对照组：

微创手术

CAL：7.3±1.5

PPD：6.7±1.6

BDD：4.9±2.2

GR：0.7±1.0

阳性对照组：

CAL：9.1±2.7

PPD：7.6±2.4

BDD：4.3±0.9

GR：1.5±1.3

CAL

PPD

BDD

GR

12
Hernández-Monjaraz等[9]墨西哥

男：7

女：4

男：7

女：3

55~64同种异体牙髓干细胞11/10骨下袋牙髓干细胞+冻干聚乙烯吡咯烷酮海绵+胶原膜冻干聚乙烯吡咯烷酮海绵+胶原膜PPD：5.66±0.41PPD：5.58±0.38PPD6
Sánchez等[6]西班牙

男：7

女：3

男：7

女：3

T：38~60

C：49~65

自体牙周膜干细胞10/10

骨下袋

一壁（3/0）；

二壁（7/10）

①牙周膜干细胞+异种骨替代材料；

②冠向复位瓣

①生理盐水+异种骨替代材料；

②冠向复位瓣

CAL：10.60±2.22

PPD：6.60±1.07

GR：4.00±1.76

CAL：9.90±1.66

PPD：6.80±1.03

GR：3.20±1.81

CAL

PPD

GR

12

Fig 2

Risk of bias assessment"

Fig 3

Meta-analysis conducted to compare CAL between the MSC group and the control group after periodontal surgeries"

Fig 4

Meta-analysis (A) and subgroup analysis (B) conducted to compare PPD between the MSC group and the control group after periodontal surgeries"

Fig 5

Meta-analysis conducted to compare GR between the MSC group and the control group after periodontal surgeries"

Fig 6

Meta-analysis conducted to compare BDD between the MSC group and the control group after periodontal surgeries"

Fig 7

Sensitivity analysis of PPD"

Fig 8

Funnel plot comparing the PPD between the MSC group and the control group after periodontal surgeries"

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