Int J Stomatol

Int J Stomatol ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 59-66.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2026103

• Original Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Analysis of the status and influencing factors of stigma among mothers of children with cleft lip and palate

Rui Zhao1(),Dan Wang2,Yaqi Lü3,Ke Cui3,Ting Chi2,Hanyao Huang2,Yang Li2,Bing Shi2,Caixia Gong2()   

  1. 1.West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Dept. of Nursing, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & Natio-nal Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
    3.Dept. of Sociology and Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
  • Received:2024-11-19 Revised:2025-08-02 Online:2026-01-01 Published:2025-12-31
  • Contact: Caixia Gong E-mail:hxkqzoe@163.com;gongcaixia01@163.com

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Abstract:

[Abstract] Objective　This study aimed to investigate the current status and influencing factors of stigma among mo-thers of children with cleft lip and palate (CLP), providing new perspectives and intervention evidence for psychological support for CLP families. Methods　A total of 127 mothers serving as primary caregivers for children with CLP were selected as the study subjects. Surveys were conducted using the social impact scale, social support rating scale, psychological resilience scale, caregiver burden scale, and a self-designed demographic questionnaire. Scores from each scale were statistically analyzed, and correlation analysis was performed. Results　The extent of stigma among mothers of children with CLP showed significant relationships with monthly household income and the child’s age (<3 years vs. 7-12 years; P<0.05). This stigma was significantly associated with social support (P<0.05), but the correlation was not li-near. It was negatively correlated with psychological resi-lience (β=-0.241, P=0.002) and positively correlated with caregi-ver burden (β=0.428, P<0.001). Chain mediating effect analysis revealed that caregiver burden-psychological resilience-social support partially mediated the stigma experienced by these mothers (P<0.05). Conclusion　Stigma is prevalent among mothers of children with CLP. The factors influencing this stigma include the child’s age, economic status, psychological resilience, caregiver burden, and social support. Healthcare professionals should implement targeted interventions to reduce maternal stigma and improve the long-term quality of life for these child-centered families.

Key words: cleft lip and palate, cleft lip and palate family, stigma, chain mediation

CLC Number: 

  • R782.2

TrendMD: 

Tab 1

Comparison of SIS scores among mothers of children with cleft lip and palate by characteristics x±s"

测量项目n得分

t或

F值

P值
患儿情况

性别

男

女

61

66

46.03±12.91

50.18±12.27

-1.8570.066

年龄/岁

<3

3~6

7~12

13~17

74

16

22

15

49.34±12.48*

48.00±14.25

42.82±11.86

50.60±12.37

1.7230.166

诊断

唇裂

腭裂

唇裂＋腭裂

38

50

39

49.26±12.99

47.00±13.32

48.67±11.78

0.3790.686

手术次数

1

2

≥3

81

20

26

48.99±12.24

49.60±15.48

44.62±11.60

1.3190.271

医保

有

无

121

6

48.01±12.93

51.83±5.91

1.9980.160

是否为独生子女

是

否

62

65

49.95±13.05

46.51±12.23

1.5360.127
母亲情况

婚姻状况

已婚

未婚或离异或丧偶

121

6

48.05±12.91

51.00±7.64

1.885

0.581

年龄/岁

18~29

30~39

>40

35

80

12

47.94±13.77

48.50±12.35

46.83±12.79

0.0970.907

民族

汉族

少数民族

110

17

47.66±12.47

51.59±14.05

1.4100.237

家庭月收入/元

1 000以下

1 000~3 000

3 000~5 000

5 000~10 000

10 000~50 000

50 000以上

8

24

49

31

13

2

50.25±8.07

54.42±11.59

44.86±14.16

49.84±10.02

43.85±13.84

49.50±0.71

2.4110.040

文化程度

初中及以下

高中或中专

大专及以上

43

32

52

48.86±12.47

47.13±13.12

48.29±12.84

0.1720.842

Tab 2

Correlational analysis of caregiver burden, psychological resilience, and social support scores with stigma among mothers of children with cleft lip and palate"

项目得分/分病耻感照顾负担心理韧性社会支持
病耻感48.19±12.701---
照顾负担34.27±16.240.554***1--
心理韧性56.06±20.02-0.425***-0.381***1-
社会支持41.65±7.55-0.300**-0.353***0.218*1

Tab 3

Linear regression analysis of caregiver burden, psychological resilience, social support scores, and monthly household income with stigma among mothers of children with cleft lip and palate"

项目B值标准误β值t值P值95%置信区间
常量52.0287.103—7.3250.00037.968~66.088
心理韧性-0.1530.049-0.241-3.0970.002-0.251~-0.550
照顾负担0.3350.0640.4285.2760.0000.209~0.461
社会支持-0.1620.129-0.096-1.2520.213-0.418~0.094
家庭月收入-1.5461.022-0.134-1.5130.133-3.570~0.477

Fig 1

Chain mediation model of psychological resilience on stigma among mothers of children with cleft lip and palate"

Tab 4

Decomposition of total indirect, direct, and mediating effects of psychological resilience on stigma among mothers of children with cleft lip and palate"

项目效应值标准误95%置信区间相对效应占比
下限上限
总间接效应-0.1170.034-0.190-0.05643.49%
心理韧性-社会支持-病耻感-0.0130.012-0.4070.0054.83%
心理韧性-照顾负担-病耻感-0.0870.030-0.149-0.03332.34%
心理韧性-社会支持-照顾负担-病耻感-0.0170.107-0.042-0.0016.32%
直接效应-0.1520.049-0.251-0.05556.51%
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