国际口腔医学杂志

国际口腔医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 496-502.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2026126

• 种植专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

逆行性种植体周炎病因与治疗的研究进展

夏溦瑶1(),王婧2,屈依丽1()   

  1. 1.口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室 国家口腔医学中心 口腔疾病国家临床医学研究中心 四川大学华西口腔医院修复Ⅱ科 成都 610041
    2.口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室 国家口腔医学中心 口腔疾病国家临床医学研究中心 四川大学华西口腔医院种植科 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-22 修回日期:2026-02-09 出版日期:2026-07-01 发布日期:2026-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 屈依丽
  • 作者简介:夏溦瑶，医师，硕士，Email：xwy20000615@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2024YFFK0200);四川省自然科学基金青年项目(2024NSFSC1598)

Progress on etiology and treatment of retrograde peri-implantitis

Weiyao Xia1(),Jing Wang2,Yili Qu1()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Prosthodontics Ⅱ, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2025-04-22 Revised:2026-02-09 Online:2026-07-01 Published:2026-06-25
  • Contact: Yili Qu
  • Supported by:
    Key Research and Development Project, Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2024YFFK0200);Youth Project of Sichuan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2024NSFSC1598)

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摘要：

逆行性种植体周炎（RPI）是发生于种植体根尖部的罕见生物并发症，表现为围绕种植体根尖部的类圆形或不规则的低密度影像，是种植体早期失败的重要原因之一。目前，RPI的病因与发病机制尚不完全明确。现有研究表明该疾病可能与细菌感染、骨灼伤和异物反应等多种因素有关，同时该疾病的治疗决策也尚无统一定论。因此本文主要通过回顾RPI的潜在病因与治疗策略，总结其防治要点，为临床上该疾病的预防和诊治提供参考。

关键词: 逆行性种植体周炎, 根尖周炎, 防治决策

Abstract:

Retrograde peri-implantitis (RPI) is an infrequent biological complication that occurs in the apical region of implants, presenting as a circular or irregular low-density image surrounding the implant apex. It is one of the most important causes of early implant failure. The etiology and pathogenesis of RPI remain incompletely understood. Studies have shown that it may be related to multiple factors, including bacterial infection, bone overheating, and foreign body reactions. Furthermore, the treatment for RPI is not standardized. In this article, the etiology and treatment of RPI are reviewed to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of this disease in clinical practice.

Key words: retrograde peri-implantitis, apical periodontitis, prevention and treatment strategy

中图分类号: 

  • R781.4

图 1

邻牙牙髓感染或AP扩散的RPI影像学分型A、C：Ⅰ型，邻牙根尖投射影与种植体根尖部低密度暗影无直接联通；B、D：Ⅱ型，邻牙根尖透射影与种植体根尖部联通。"

图 2

RPI的治疗决策"

图 3

术前种植位点邻牙存在慢性根尖周病的处理"

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