国际口腔医学杂志

国际口腔医学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (3): 310-318.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2024034

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

种植钉支抗在口腔正畸领域的应用情况综述

陈梓柠(),王浩,李倩雯,赵宁睿,王雪东()   

  1. 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院正畸科 国家口腔医学中心 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-29 修回日期:2023-11-02 出版日期:2024-05-01 发布日期:2024-05-06
  • 通讯作者: 王雪东
  • 作者简介:陈梓柠，学士，Email：chenzining@pku.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重大疾病多学科合作诊疗能力建设项目(PKUSSNMP-202013);中国牙病防治基金会种子优选项目(A2021-021);国家自然科学基金面上项目(81671015)

Application of miniscrew implants in orthodontics: a literature review

Zining Chen(),Hao Wang,Qianwen Li,Ningrui Zhao,Xuedong Wang()   

  1. Dept. of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2023-05-29 Revised:2023-11-02 Online:2024-05-01 Published:2024-05-06
  • Contact: Xuedong Wang
  • Supported by:
    National Program for Multidisciplinary Cooperative Treatment on Major Diseases(PKUSSNMP-202013);Seed Selection Project of China Oral Health Foundation(A2021-021);National Natural Science Foundation of China(81671015)

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摘要：

种植钉支抗在口腔正畸领域应用广泛，而不同国家的使用情况存在差别。本文总结了相关的调查研究方法，种植钉的使用情况、优势与适应证、并发症以及影响种植钉应用的因素，结果发现：目前种植钉的使用率为43.7%~93.3%，但现有不同调查之间的标准存在差异，难以得出进一步的结论；种植钉适用于内收前牙、压低后牙等多种情况，在加强支抗的同时有利于减少对患者依从性的依赖；常见并发症有松动脱落、软组织反应和牙根损伤等；医生的年龄、性别、教育背景、治疗费用以及患者对种植钉的接受程度等因素可能影响其使用。目前尚缺少我国在种植钉支抗应用情况的相关调查研究。

关键词: 正畸支抗, 种植钉, 应用情况

Abstract:

Miniscrew implants are widely utilized in orthodontics, and their usage varies substantially among different countries. This review summarizes the methodology of related research as well as the advantages, indications, and complications of orthodontic miniscrew implants. Factors influencing the usage of orthodontic miniscrew implants are determined. The utilization rate of orthodontic miniscrew implants ranges from 43.7% to 93.3%. However, inconsistent criteria preclude us from reaching further conclusions. Orthodontic miniscrew implants are suitable for diverse conditions, such as anterior retraction and posterior intrusion, which contribute to the enhancement of anchorage and the reduction of dependence on patient compliance. Frequently occurring complications include failure of orthodontic miniscrew implants, soft tissue reactions, and root damage. Factors including orthodontists ’ age, gender, and educational background as well as the cost of treatment and the patients ’ acceptance of orthodontic miniscrew implants may have different effects on their usage. Nevertheless, similar research in China is lacking.

Key words: orthodontic anchorage, miniscrew implant, application situation

中图分类号: 

  • R783.5

表 1

文献情况汇总"

作者发表年份调查范围发放方式应答率/%种植钉使用率/%
Banks等[2]2010英国邮寄66.310.20
Patil等[3]2012印度现场发放85.7166.67
Barthelemi等[4]2015法国线上34.6366.36
Buschang等[6]2008全球线上5.9679.70
Ashton[7]2022全球线上11.4984.60
Meeran等[8]2012印度邮寄80.5243.70
Svensk等[9]2016瑞典线上67.4353.10
Keim等[10]2008美国邮寄7.6860.70
Keim等[11]2014美国线上1.9670.00
Keim等[12]2020美国线上1.6155.00
Hyde等[13]2010美国线上79.6691.49
Khan等[14]2016南非现场发放+线上41.8260.90
Alfaleh等[15]2021沙特阿拉伯线上13.9389.47
Acar等[16]2015土耳其线上32.3389.70
Van Sant[17]2020加拿大线上23.2365.80
Janagarathinam等[18]2021印度线上50.0081.10
Golshah等[19]2021伊朗线上72.1689.90
Azeez[20]2022伊拉克线上22.2593.30

表 2

种植钉常见并发症与可能的影响因素"

常见并发症可能的影响因素
松动脱落患者因素、种植钉因素、植入程序、操作因素[6,33-34]
周围炎症和感染角化黏膜量、植入时软组织受刺激的程度、患者口腔卫生情况、牙龈生物型[25,35]
软组织反应种植钉头部和其上附件有无缓冲、患者口腔卫生情况[27]
对牙根的接触与损伤植入位置、植入方向、操作因素[36-38]
移位与折断种植钉材质、应力集中、骨密度、操作因素[37,39-40]
组织穿孔植入位置、解剖因素[27]
植入后急性疼痛植入时有无翻瓣[37]
对正畸过程中的牙齿移动产生干扰植入位置[41-42]
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