Int J Stomatol

Int J Stomatol ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (6): 648-656.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2022076

• Original Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Comparative study of facial soft tissue angle between Mongolian and Han adults in Inner Mongolia

Fan Yongjie(),Dong Tingting.   

  1. Dept. of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Baotou 014030, China
  • Received:2022-03-06 Revised:2022-07-12 Online:2022-11-01 Published:2022-11-03
  • Contact: Yongjie Fan E-mail:13947240089@163.com

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Abstract:

Objective The purpose of the paper is to obtain the angle measurement data of facial soft tissues of Mongolian nationality and to establish the angle value database of human facial soft tissues of Mongolian and Han adults through studying their facial soft tissues with individual normal teeth occlusion in Inner Mongolia by using three-dimensional (3D) stereo photography technology. Methods A total of 295 normal dental occlusion samples were selected from students in Inner Mongolia, including 60 Han males, 90 Han females, 76 Mongolian females, and 69 Mongolian males. Using Morpheus 3D facial scanner, 14 soft tissue markers were identified, and 17 items were angled. SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis and the comparisons of facial differences. Results Statistically significant differences were observed in facial shape angle (G-Sn-Pg), facial convex angle (N-Sn-Pg), total convex angle (N-Prn-Pg), nasolabial angle (Cm-Sn-Ls), SNPG angle (Pg-N-Ls), INPG angle (Pg-N-Li), Na angle (N-T-Prn), and Mn angle (Ls-T-Pg) between Han and Mongolian males. Statistically significant differences were noted in G-Sn-Pg, N-Sn-Pg, N-Prn-Pg, Pg-N-Ls, Pg-N-Li, mentolabial sulcus angle (Pg-Sm-Li), Mx angle (Ls-T-Pg), Ls-T-Pg, 1/3 of the face angle (Tri-T-N), and 1/3 of the middle face angle (N-T-Sn) between Han and Mongolian females. Statistically significant differences were observed in N-Sn-Pg, nasofrontal angle (G-N-Prn), Cm-Sn-Ls, Pg-N-Ls, Pg-Sm-Li, SNI angle (Ls-N-Li), TV angle (N-T-Pg), Ls-T-Prn, Ls-T-Pg, Tri-T-N, and N-T-Sn between Han females and Han males. In the Mongolian male-female comparison, the female’s N-Prn-Pg, G-N-Prn, nasal tip angle (N-Prn-Sn), and Tri-T-N are all larger than the male’s, whereas the male’s Sn-T-Me is larger than the female’s. Conclusion Some differences exist in the facial profile between Mongolian and Han populations in Inner Mongolia.

Key words: three-dimensional photography, Mongolian nationality, Han nationality, facial soft tissue angle

CLC Number: 

  • R 783.5

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Fig 1

TVL line measurement"

Tab 1

Comparison of facial soft tissue angle between Han and Mongolian men"

测量指标汉族男性（n=60）蒙古族男性（n=69）P值
x±s95%置信区间x±s95%置信区间
G-Sn-Pg164.54±5.05163.23~165.84166.74±5.62165.39~168.090.022*
N-Sn-Pg160.88±4.98159.59~162.17163.60±5.75162.22~164.980.005*
N-Prn-Pg134.14±5.29132.77~135.50136.13±4.39135.07~137.180.021*
G-N-Prn143.19±7.81141.17~145.20143.78±7.13142.07~145.500.651
N-Prn-Sn119.21±5.96117.67~120.75117.92±6.16116.44~119.400.232
Cm-Sn-Ls103.05±2.91102.30~103.80101.62±2.88101.36~103.620.006*
Pg-N-Ls10.65±2.3510.04~11.259.28±2.558.67~9.890.002*
Pg-N-Li4.65±1.734.20~5.103.41±1.603.03~3.800.000*
Pg-Sm-Li142.97±11.32140.04~145.89144.61±9.53142.32~146.900.371
Ls-N-Li6.03±1.895.54~6.515.90±2.105.39~6.400.718
N-T-Prn19.04±1.7618.59~19.4919.69±1.3719.36~20.010.02*
N-T-Pg47.35±2.6046.68~48.0247.20±2.6546.56~47.840.75
Ls-T-Prn12.50±1.3412.16~12.8512.26±1.1111.99~12.530.266
Ls-T-Pg17.21±1.6216.79~17.6316.58±1.5816.20~16.960.026*
Tri-T-N31.58±3.2130.75~32.4130.59±3.3929.77~31.400.093
N-T-Sn27.35±2.0926.81~27.8927.51±1.5927.12~27.890.625
Sn-T-Me26.82±2.3026.23~27.4126.68±2.0326.19~27.160.705

Tab 2

Comparison of facial soft tissue angle between Han women and Mongolian women"

测量指标汉族女性（n=90）蒙古族女性（n=76）P值
x±s95%置信区间x±s95%置信区间
G-Sn-Pg166.27±5.75165.06~167.47168.20±4.36167.20~169.190.017*
N-Sn-Pg162.91±6.15161.62~164.19165.17±4.35164.18~166.160.008*
N-Prn-Pg135.43±4.47134.5~136.37137.77±3.77136.91~138.630.000*
G-N-Prn145.79±6.90144.34~147.23147.09±5.57145.82~148.370.186
N-Prn-Sn120.89±7.17119.39~122.40120.75±6.33119.30~122.190.891
Cm-Sn-Ls101.86±2.87101.25~102.46101.38±3.03100.69~102.070.303
Pg-N-Ls9.45±2.378.95~9.948.55±1.958.11~9.000.009*
Pg-N-Li4.65±2.464.13~5.163.24±1.372.92~3.550.000*
Pg-Sm-Li149.23±11.04146.91~151.54144.34±8.75142.34~146.340.002*
Ls-N-Li5.08±1.664.73~5.425.36±1.664.98~5.740.276
N-T-Prn19.76±2.4419.25~20.2719.25±1.5618.89~19.600.115
N-T-Pg48.76±2.8748.16~49.3651.84±44.9541.57~62.110.517
Ls-T-Prn14.05±4.6013.08~15.0112.28±1.1612.02~12.550.001*
Ls-T-Pg18.75±4.6017.79~19.7116.31±1.4015.99~16.630.000*
Tri-T-N34.11±3.7933.32~34.9032.34±3.0131.65~33.030.001*
N-T-Sn28.73±2.0528.30~29.1627.41±1.6427.04~27.790.000*
Sn-T-Me26.3±2.6225.76~26.8525.96±1.7425.56~26.360.326

Tab 3

Comparison of facial soft tissue angle between Han women and Han men"

测量指标汉族女性（n=90）汉族男性（n=60）P值
x±s95%置信区间x±s95%置信区间
G-Sn-Pg166.27±5.75165.06~167.47164.54±5.05163.23~165.840.060
N-Sn-Pg162.91±6.15161.62~164.19160.88±4.98159.59~162.170.035*
N-Prn-Pg135.43±4.47134.50~136.37134.14±5.29132.77~135.500.108
G-N-Prn145.79±6.90144.34~147.23143.19±7.81141.17~145.200.034*
N-Prn-Sn120.89±7.17119.39~122.40119.21±5.96117.67~120.750.135
Cm-Sn-Ls101.86±2.87101.25~102.46103.05±2.91102.30~103.800.014*
Pg-N-Ls9.45±2.378.95~9.9410.65±2.3510.04~11.250.003*
Pg-N-Li4.65±2.464.13~5.164.65±1.734.20~5.100.994
Pg-Sm-Li149.23±11.04146.91~151.54142.97±11.32140.04~145.890.001*
Ls-N-Li5.08±1.664.73~5.426.03±1.895.54~6.510.001*
N-T-Prn19.76±2.4419.25~20.2719.04±1.7618.59~19.490.050
N-T-Pg48.76±2.8748.16~49.3647.35±2.6046.68~48.020.003*
Ls-T-Prn14.05±4.6013.08~15.0112.50±1.3412.16~12.850.013*
Ls-T-Pg18.75±4.6017.79~19.7117.21±1.6216.79~17.630.014*
Tri-T-N34.11±3.7933.32~34.9031.58±3.2130.75~32.410.000*
N-T-Sn28.73±2.0528.30~29.1627.35±2.0926.81~27.890.000*
Sn-T-Me26.30±2.6225.76~26.8526.82±2.3026.23~27.410.217

Tab 4

Comparison of facial soft tissue angle between Mongolian women and Mongolian men"

测量指标蒙古族男性（n=69）蒙古族女性（n=76）P值
x±s95%置信区间x±s95%置信区间
G-Sn-Pg166.74±5.62165.39~168.09168.20±4.36167.20~169.190.081
N-Sn-Pg163.60±5.75162.22~164.98165.17±4.35164.18~166.160.064
N-Prn-Pg136.13±4.39135.07~137.18137.77±3.77136.91~138.630.017*
G-N-Prn143.78±7.13142.07~145.50147.09±5.57145.82~148.370.002*
N-Prn-Sn117.92±6.16116.44~119.40120.75±6.33119.30~122.190.007*
Cm-Sn-Ls101.62±2.88101.36~103.62101.38±3.03100.69~102.070.089
Pg-N-Ls9.28±2.558.67~9.898.55±1.958.11~9.000.055
Pg-N-Li3.41±1.603.03~3.803.24±1.372.92~3.550.477
Pg-Sm-Li144.61±9.53142.32~146.90144.34±8.75142.34~146.340.856
Ls-N-Li5.90±2.105.39~6.405.36±1.664.98~5.740.086
N-T-Prn19.69±1.3719.36~20.0119.25±1.5618.89~19.600.075
N-T-Pg47.20±2.6546.56~47.8451.84±44.9541.57~62.110.394
Ls-T-Prn12.26±1.1111.99~12.5312.28±1.1612.02~12.550.919
Ls-T-Pg16.58±1.5816.20~16.9616.31±1.4015.99~16.630.283
Tri-T-N30.59±3.3929.77~31.4032.34±3.0131.65~33.030.001*
N-T-Sn27.51±1.5927.12~27.8927.41±1.6427.04~27.790.731
Sn-T-Me26.68±2.0326.19~27.1625.96±1.7425.56~26.360.023*

Fig 2

Characteristic profile of Mongolian male, Han male, Han female and Mongolian female"

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