贵州省惠水地区成人牙齿缺失情况调查及影响因素分析

doi:10.7518/gjkq.2026219

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective　This study aimed to investigate adult tooth loss and its influencing factors in Huishui County, Qiannan Prefecture, Guizhou Province, where Buyi and Miao ethnic groups gather, identify risk factors, and carry out early prevention and treatment of tooth loss to reduce the risk of disease. Methods　A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select 4 216 adults in the Huishui area where the Buyi and Miao ethnic groups gather. Their oral missing teeth were examined, and a questionnaire survey was conducted. Statistical analysis was conducted on the survey results using single-factor, multi-factor Tamhane’s T2, and multi-factor Logistic regression analysis. Results　A total of 4 216 people were surveyed, including 1 594 males and 2 622 females, with an age range of 18-93 years and an average age of 50.5 years. A total of 7 214 teeth were missing, with a missing tooth ratio of 31.45% and an average of 1.7 missing teeth per person. The denture restoration rate for missing teeth is 32%. Single-factor analysis showed that age, ethnic group, educational background, occupation, family monthly income, smoking, length and frequency of tooth brushing, drinking, length and frequency of exercise, watching electronic products, acid, numbness, spicy and light diet, diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease had an impact on tooth loss. Multi-factor analysis showed that residents of the Miao ethnic group, those with high school or university education, and those with a monthly income of over 8 000 yuan are negatively correlated with tooth loss; being over 80 years old, farming, smoking for more than 40 cigarettes per day, smoking for more than 20 years, ne-ver brushing teeth, brushing for less than 1 min each time, drinking every day, watching electronic products for less than 2 h per day, never participating in exercise, doing outdoor exercise for more than 4 h per day, diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease are factors for having more serious tooth loss. Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that age, occupation, highest educational level, monthly family income, brushing time, alcohol consumption, exercise time, weekly exercise frequency, daily viewing time for electronic products acidity, lightness, and hypertension are important influen-cing factors for tooth loss. Conclusion　Residents in Huishui County, Guizhou Province, have a high incidence of tooth loss and a generally low rate of denture restoration. Efforts should be made to address the important influencing factors of tooth loss and increase the control of tooth loss diseases in this area.

Key words: Buyi ethnic group, Miao ethnic group, tooth loss, adult, influence factor

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Wei Liu,Guangliang Yang,Jing Yang,Shouyan Gan,Lijuan Luo,Liu Zhang,Wei Guo,Yongyu Huang,Bao Luo. Investigation and analysis of influencing factors for adult tooth loss in Huishui County, Guizhou Province[J].Int J Stomatol, 2026, 53(2): 216-224.

Figures/Tables 4

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References 36

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一般情况		n	牙齿缺失数	P值
性别	男	1 594	1.77±0.116	0.138
性别	女	2 622	1.72±0.091	0.138
年龄/岁	18~30	1 671	0.44±1.64^a	<0.001
	31~60	1 999	1.05±3.05^a
	61~80	510	7.75±8.38^a
	>80	36	15.11±9.94
民族	汉族	2 059	1.74±4.54^b	<0.001
	布依族	1 351	2.06±5.184^b
	苗族	654	1.26±4.04
	其他	152	0.93±2.87
学历	未读书	381	7.82±8.84^c	<0.001
	小学	491	3.55±6.24^c
	中学	863	1.32±3.61^c
	高中	580	0.78±2.42
	大学及以上	1 901	0.53±2.011
职业	干部	119	1.39±3.41^d	<0.001
	普通职员	635	1.07±3.32^d
	医生/老师	578	0.79±2.75^d
	个体或自由职业	495	0.85±2.83^d
	务农	916	5.09±7.56
	其他	1 473	0.64±2.42^d
家庭月收入/元	0~999	651	4.06±7.19^e	<0.001
	1 000~2 999	1 233	2.10±4.90^e
	3 000~8 000	1 747	0.91±3.09
	>8 000	585	0.86±3.13

变量		n	牙齿缺失数	F值	P值
日吸烟/支	从不	3 175	1.720±4.660^a	3.329	0.010
	1~10	462	1.580±4.214^a
	11~20	421	1.600±4.398^a
	21~40	123	2.540±5.364^a
	>40	35	4.060±7.596
吸烟年数/年	从不	3 131	1.740±4.686^b	30.695	<0.001
	<1	101	0.620±1.593^b
	1~10	469	0.710±2.650^b
	11~20	199	0.900±2.512^b
	>20	316	4.130±6.863
刷牙时长/min	<1	1 100	3.880±6.840	114.95	<0.001
	1~2.9	2 281	1.040±3.328^c
	3~5	804	0.810±2.867^c
	>5	31	1.100±5.016^c
日刷牙次数/次	1	725	3.440±6.369^d	67.944	<0.001
	≥2	3 340	1.240±3.765^d
	很少	75	5.160±8.328
	从不	76	4.040±8.065
饮酒状况	从不喝	1 904	2.520±5.665^e	39.960	<0.001
	很少喝	1 678	0.830±2.959^e
	每天喝	137	3.930±6.506
	每周喝	309	1.210±3.383^e
	已戒	188	1.190±3.703^e
周锻炼次数/次	从不	1 389	1.730±4.558	151.47	<0.001
	1~2	1 666	0.840±3.007^f
	3~4	553	0.740±2.258^f
	5~7	608	5.120±7.633^f
锻炼时长/h	<0.5	1 485	1.740±4.791^g	36.238	<0.001
	0.5~2	1 449	1.230±3.807^g
	2.1~4	661	1.270±3.425^g
	>4	621	3.430±6.456
日看电子产品时长/h	<2	1 283	3.630±6.727	109.86	<0.001
	2~4	1 283	1.010±3.201^h
	4.1~6	1 059	0.860±2.974^h
	>6	591	0.790±2.543^h

变量			n	牙齿缺失数	F值	P值
口味	酸	是	2 742	1.530±0.082^a	-4.989	<0.001
	酸	否	1 474	2.130±0.136	-4.989	<0.001
	麻	是	2 772	1.500±0.080^a	-5.054	<0.001
	麻	否	1 444	2.200±0.141	-5.054	<0.001
	辣	是	3 435	1.560±0.075^a	-7.107	<0.001
	辣	否	7 81	2.540±0.200	-7.107	<0.001
	清淡	是	2 632	1.320±0.078^a	-9.592	<0.001
	清淡	否	1 584	2.440±0.137	-9.592	<0.001
	咸	是	1 770	1.810±0.113	-0.699	0.485
	咸	否	2 446	1.690±0.092	-0.699	0.485
糖尿病		否	4 104	1.670±0.071	-4.563	<0.001
糖尿病		是	112	4.070±0.695	-4.563	<0.001
高血压		否	3 884	1.460±0.069	-15.139	<0.001
高血压		是	332	4.970±0.385	-15.139	<0.001
心脏病		否	4 156	1.700±0.071	-7.024	<0.001
		是	60	4.630±0.871	-7.024	<0.001

自变量	偏回归系数	标准误	标准化偏回归系数	t值	P值	95%置信区间
自变量	偏回归系数	标准误	标准化偏回归系数	t值	P值	下限	上限
年龄	2.264	0.115	0.339	19.771	0.000	2.040	2.489
职业	0.125	0.043	0.042	2.916	0.004	0.041	0.210
最高学历	-0.463	0.061	-0.137	-7.593	0.000	-0.582	-0.343
家庭月收入	-0.429	0.077	-0.084	-5.604	0.000	-0.579	-0.279
日刷牙次数	-0.275	0.126	-0.029	-2.187	0.029	-0.522	-0.028
刷牙时长	-0.244	0.099	-0.036	-2.455	0.014	-0.438	-0.049
饮酒状况	-0.140	0.062	-0.033	-2.246	0.025	-0.263	-0.018
周锻炼次数	0.411	0.073	0.090	5.651	0.000	0.269	0.554
日锻炼时长	-0.209	0.069	-0.047	-3.007	0.003	-0.345	-0.073
日看电子产品时长	-0.142	0.065	-0.032	-2.198	0.028	-0.269	-0.015
酸	0.289	0.149	0.030	1.933	0.043	-0.004	0.582
清淡	0.386	0.135	0.040	2.855	0.004	0.121	0.652
高血压	-0.851	0.244	-0.049	-3.482	0.001	-1.330	-0.372

Investigation and analysis of influencing factors for adult tooth loss in Huishui County, Guizhou Province

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