Int J Stomatol

Int J Stomatol ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5): 558-565.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2023079

• Reviews • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Research progress on the effects of prophylactic antibiotics on postoperative complications during the perioperative period of tooth extraction

Wang Renyi(),Zhao Chengzhi,Pan Jian.()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2023-02-08 Revised:2023-06-08 Online:2023-09-01 Published:2023-09-01
  • Contact: Jian. Pan E-mail:renyi.wang@foxmail.com;jianpancn@scu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Project of Research and Develop Program, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University(LCYJ2019-1);Medical Science & Technology Project of Sichuan Provincial Health Commission(21PJ062)

RichHTML

36

PDF (PC)

447

Abstract:

Complications, such as swelling, bleeding, infection, and dry socket, may occur after tooth extraction. Dentists often apply antibiotic treatment to reduce or prevent these complications. However, whether to use antibiotics during the perioperative period of tooth extraction remains controversial. Amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate combinations are the most frequently used antibiotics in the perioperative period of tooth extraction. No clear evidence has shown that the using time of antibiotic administration (preoperative, postoperative, or both) has significant effect on complication prevention, but the median postoperative duration is always 3-4 days after operation. The use of antibiotics depends on patients’ general condition and the locations of affected teeth during the perioperative period of tooth extraction. This review mainly focuses on antibiotic types, use principles, time, methods, and antibiotic administration to provide reference for alleviating complications after tooth extraction.

Key words: antibiotic, tooth extraction, postoperative complication

CLC Number: 

  • R 783.11

TrendMD: 
1 《抗菌药物临床应用指导原则》修订工作组. 抗菌药物临床应用指导原则（2015年版） [S]. 北京: 国卫办医发[2015]43号附件, 2015: 3-39.
Guiding principles for clinical application of antimicrobial agents revision working group. Guiding principles for clinical application of antimicrobial agents (2015 edition) [S]. Beijing: Attachment No. 43 [2015] issued by the National Health Office, 2015: 3-39.
2 Miclotte I, Agbaje JO, Spaey Y, et al. Incidence and treatment of complications in patients who had third molars or other teeth extracted[J]. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2018, 56(5): 388-393.
3 Barone A, Chatelain S, Derchi G, et al. Antibiotic’s effectiveness after erupted tooth extractions: a retrospective study[J]. Oral Dis, 2020, 26(5): 967-973.
4 Gbotolorun OM, Dipo-Fagbemi IM, Olojede AO, et al. Are systemic antibiotics necessary in the prevention of wound healing complications after intra-al-veolar dental extraction[J]. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2016, 45(12): 1658-1664.
5 唐海阔, 侯劲松. 浅谈牙拔除术后抗菌药物的使用[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2014, 41(5): 497-499.
Tang HK, Hou JS. Use of antibiotics following tooth extraction[J]. Int J Stomatol, 2014, 41(5): 497-499.
6 Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis[J]. Lancet, 2022, 399(10325): 629-655.
7 Zhao HY, Wei L, Li H, et al. Appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions in ambulatory care in China: a nationwide descriptive database study[J]. Lancet Infect Dis, 2021, 21(6): 847-857.
8 Sidana S, Mistry Y, Gandevivala A, et al. Evaluation of the need for antibiotic prophylaxis during routine intra-alveolar dental extractions in healthy patients: a randomized double-blind controlled trial[J]. J Evid Based Dent Pract, 2017, 17(3): 184-189.
9 Singh Gill A, Morrissey H, Rahman A. A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating antibiotic prophylaxis in dental implants and extraction procedures[J]. Medicina, 2018, 54(6): 95.
10 Lodi G, Azzi L, Varoni EM, et al. Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2021, 2(2): CD003811.
11 Yue Yi EK, Siew Ying AL, Mohan M, et al. Prevalence of postoperative infection after tooth extraction: a retrospective study[J]. Int J Dent, 2021, 2021: 6664311.
12 Cinquini C, Marchionni S, Derchi G, et al. Non-impacted tooth extractions and antibiotic treatment: a RCT study[J]. Oral Dis, 2021, 27(4): 1042-1051.
13 薛芃, 侯锐, 尚磊, 等. 抗菌药物对下颌阻生第三磨牙拔除后炎性并发症影响的临床观察[J]. 中华口腔医学杂志, 2014, 49(10): 603-606.
Xue P, Hou R, Shang L, et al. Effect of antibiotics on postoperative inflammatory complications after surgical extraction of the impacted mandibular third molar[J]. Chin J Stomatol, 2014, 49(10): 603-606.
14 Cho H, Lynham AJ, Hsu E. Postoperative interventions to reduce inflammatory complications after third molar surgery: review of the current evidence[J]. Aust Dent J, 2017, 62(4): 412-419.
15 Mariscal-Cazalla MDM, Manzano-Moreno FJ, Gar-cía-Vázquez M, et al. Do perioperative antibiotics reduce complications of mandibular third molar removal? A double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial[J]. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol, 2021, 131(3): 286-294.
16 Yamagami A, Narumi K, Saito Y, et al. Evaluation of the strategies to reduce third-generation oral cephalosporins in dentistry at a Japanese academic hospital: an interrupted time series analysis[J]. J Clin Pharm Ther, 2022, 47(7): 1010-1019.
17 Choi YY. Prescription of antibiotics after tooth extraction in adults: a nationwide study in Korea[J]. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2020, 46(1): 49-57.
18 Yoshida K, Kodama Y, Nagai T, et al. Clinico-statistical survey of oral antimicrobial prophylaxis and surgical site infection regarding ordinary tooth extraction and mandibular wisdom tooth extraction in the dental outpatient clinic[J]. J Infect Chemother, 2021, 27(2): 192-197.
19 Sato M, Yamana H, Ono S, et al. Trends in prophylactic antibiotic use for tooth extraction from 2015 to 2018 in Japan: an analysis using a health insu-rance claims database[J]. J Infect Chemother, 2022, 28(4): 504-509.
20 Gazal G, Al-Samadani KH, Alsaidalani HM, et al. A comparison of pre-emptive co-amoxiclav, postoperative amoxicillin, and metronidazole for prevention of postoperative complications in dentoalveolar surgery: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022, 19(7): 4178.
21 Dellinger EP, Gross PA, Barrett TL, et al. Quality standard for antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgical procedures. Infectious Diseases Society of America[J]. Clin Infect Dis, 1994, 18(3): 422-427.
22 Marcussen KB, Laulund AS, Jørgensen HL, et al. A systematic review on effect of single-dose preoperative antibiotics at surgical osteotomy extraction of lower third molars[J]. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2016, 74(4): 693-703.
23 López-Cedrún JL, Pijoan JI, Fernández S, et al. Efficacy of amoxicillin treatment in preventing posto-perative complications in patients undergoing third molar surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled study[J]. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2011, 69(6): e5-e14.
24 Leaper DJ, Edmiston CE. World Health Organization: global guidelines for the prevention of surgical site infection[J]. J Hosp Infect, 2017, 95(2): 135-136.
25 Yoshida K, Kodama Y, Nishikawa A, et al. Comparison between the prophylactic effects of amoxicillin 24 and 48 hours pre-operatively on surgical site infections in Japanese patients with impacted mandi-bular third molars: a prospective cohort study[J]. J Infect Chemother, 2021, 27(6): 845-851.
26 Spanou A, Nelson K, Ermer MA, et al. Primary wound closure and perioperative antibiotic therapy for prevention of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw after tooth extraction[J]. Quintessence Int, 2020, 51(3): 220-228.
27 Iguchi R, Moroi A, Saito Y, et al. Evaluation of intravenous prophylaxis antibiotics for third molar extraction under general anesthesia[J]. Odontology, 2020, 108(4): 681-687.
28 Reiland MD, Ettinger KS, Lohse CM, et al. Does administration of oral versus intravenous antibiotics for third molar removal have an effect on the incidence of alveolar osteitis or postoperative surgical site infections[J]. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2017, 75(9): 1801-1808.
29 Caniff KE, Young LR, Truong S, et al. Postextraction infection and antibiotic prescribing among ve-terans receiving dental extractions[J]. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 2021, 42(12): 1431-1436.
30 Yanine N, Sabelle N, Vergara-GV, et al. Effect of antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing infectious complications following impacted mandibular third molar surgery. A randomized controlled trial[J]. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal, 2021, 26(6): e703-e710.
31 Menon RK, Kar Yan L, Gopinath D, et al. Is there a need for postoperative antibiotics after third molar surgery? A 5-year retrospective study[J]. J Investig Clin Dent, 2019, 10(4): e12460.
32 Nejat AH, Eshghpour M. Dry socket following surgical removal of impacted third molar in an Iranian population: incidence and risk factors[J]. Niger J Clin Pract, 2013, 16(4): 496.
33 Menon RK, Gopinath D, Li KY, et al. Does the use of amoxicillin/amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in third molar surgery reduce the risk of postoperative infection? A systematic review with meta-analysis[J]. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2019, 48(2): 263-273.
34 胡丽茹, 代子佳, 曹志炜, 等. 下颌阻生智齿拔除术后辅助药物应用的疗效观察[J]. 中国口腔医学继续教育杂志, 2021, 24(6): 350-354.
Hu LR, Dai ZJ, Cao ZW, et al. Observation on the curative effect of adjuvant drugs after extraction of mandibular impacted wisdom teeth[J]. Chin J Stomatol Contin Educ, 2021, 24(6): 350-354.
35 Soma T, Iwasaki R, Sato Y, et al. Osteonecrosis development by tooth extraction in zoledronate treated mice is inhibited by active vitamin D analogues, anti-inflammatory agents or antibiotics[J]. Sci Rep, 2022, 12(1): 19.
36 Cabras M, Gambino A, Broccoletti R, et al. Lack of evidence in reducing risk of MRONJ after teeth extractions with systemic antibiotics[J]. J Oral Sci, 2021, 63(3): 217-226.
37 潘剑, 刘济远. 药物相关性颌骨坏死的发病机制及其防治[J]. 华西口腔医学杂志, 2021, 39(3): 245-254.
Pan J, Liu JY. Mechanism, prevention, and treatment for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws[J]. West China J Stomatol, 2021, 39(3): 245-254.
38 Ruggiero SL, Dodson TB, Aghaloo T, et al. American association of oral and maxillofacial surgeons’ position paper on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws-2022 update[J]. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2022, 80(5): 920-943.
39 Hallmer F, Andersson G, Götrick B, et al. Prevalence, initiating factor, and treatment outcome of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw-a 4-year prospective study[J]. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol, 2018, 126(6): 477-485.
40 Pick E, Leuenberger N, Kuster I, et al. Evaluation of preventive treatment protocols for patients under antiresorptive therapy undergoing tooth extraction at a Swiss university clinic[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021, 18(18): 9924.
41 Al-Bazie SA, Bahatheq M, Al-Ghazi M, et al. Antibiotic protocol for the prevention of osteoradionecrosis following dental extractions in irradiated head and neck cancer patients: a 10 years prospective study[J]. J Cancer Res Ther, 2016, 12(2): 565-570.
42 Reis LC, Rôças IN, Siqueira JF Jr, et al. Bacteremia after supragingival scaling and dental extraction: culture and molecular analyses[J]. Oral Dis, 2018, 24(4): 657-663.
43 Marttila E, Grönholm L, Saloniemi M, et al. Prevalence of bacteraemia following dental extraction-efficacy of the prophylactic use of amoxicillin and clindamycin[J]. Acta Odontol Scand, 2021, 79(1): 25-30.
44 Rezazadeh F, Azad A, Khorami A, et al. Evaluation of antibiotic resistance pattern in dental bacteremia detected by multiplex PCR technique[J]. Biomed Res Int, 2020, 2020: 9502959.
45 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Prophylaxis against infective endocarditis: antimicrobial prophylaxis against infective endocarditis in adults and children undergoing interventional procedures[EB/OL]. [2016-07-08]. .
46 Kawase S, Okada Y, Isono K, et al. Cerebral abscess following the self-extraction of teeth in patient with Ebstein’s anomaly: a case report[J]. BMC Oral Heal-th, 2019, 19(1): 200.
47 Lopez R, Flavell S, Thomas C. A not very NICE case of endocarditis[J]. BMJ Case Rep, 2013, 2013: bcr2012007918.
48 郑飞波, 杨春勇, 崔云峰, 等. WSES/SIS-E/WSIS/AAST/GAIS制定的免疫功能低下患者急腹症管理指南解读[J]. 中华危重病急救医学, 2022, 34(3): 239-244.
Zheng FB, Yang CY, Cui YF, et al. Interpretation of acute abdomen in the immunocompromised patients: WSES/SIS-E/WSIS/AAST/GAIS guideline[J]. Chin Crit Care Med, 2022, 34(3): 239-244.
49 Greenberg JA, Hohmann SF, Hall JB, et al. Validation of a method to identify immunocompromised patients with severe sepsis in administrative databa-ses[J]. Ann Am Thorac Soc, 2016, 13(2): 253-258.
50 Palmer NO. Antimicrobial prescribing in dentistry: good practice guidelines[M]. 3rd ed. United Kingdom: Royal College of Surgeons of England, 2020: 91-100.
51 Salam S, Yusuf H, Milosevic A. Bleeding after dental extractions in patients taking warfarin[J]. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2007, 45(6): 463-466.
52 Iwata E, Tachibana A, Kusumoto J, et al. Does prophylactic antibiotic administration for tooth extraction affect PT-INR in patients taking warfarin[J]. BMC Oral Health, 2020, 20(1): 331.
53 Khan FR, Iftikhar K, Hashmi A, et al. Complications of extraction socket among diabetic, hypertensive and smokers in comparison to normal patients[J]. Adv Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2021, 2: 100032.
54 Mahmood A, Rahman Khan Z, Saleem B, et al. Post-operative complications after simple tooth extraction in diabetic patients with and without anti-biotic prophylaxis[J]. Pak J Med Health Sci, 2021, 15(12): 3614-3616.
[1] Pang Yu,Liu Xian,Wang Liao. Application of digital template in the extraction of embedded supernumerary tooth [J]. Int J Stomatol, 2022, 49(4): 448-452.
[2] Wu Qiuyue,Li Zhibang. Research progress on the adjunctive drug therapy of peri-implantitis [J]. Int J Stomatol, 2020, 47(4): 471-477.
[3] Weilin Pan,Yubin Cao,Chang Liu,Jiyuan Liu,Chunjie Li,Jian Pan,Chengge Hua. Flap design associated pain after the extraction of mandibular third molars: a systematic review and Meta-analysis [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2019, 46(2): 142-148.
[4] Tiancheng Li,Kai Xia,Shujuan Zou,Jun Liu. Effect of tooth extraction for the orthodontic treatment of the upper airway: a systematic review [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2019, 46(2): 156-165.
[5] Yuhao Wang, Dianri Wang, Jian. Pan. Lingual nerve injury in the tooth extraction [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2018, 45(5): 590-596.
[6] Ma Quanquan, Cai Xiaoxiao.. Current status of immediate implant placement and provisionalization in esthetics zone [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2017, 44(6): 731-736.
[7] Chen Yaqun, Xie Yijia, Hu Zhou, Zhao Qing. Research progress on the relationship between the floor of maxillary sinus and orthodontic tooth movement [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2017, 44(5): 550-554.
[8] Zhang Rui1, Zhang Lingge1, Li Xihong1, Li Rui2. Influence of improved triangular flap on postoperative complications after mandibular third molar removal and its clinical application [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2017, 44(2): 153-156.
[9] Ye Li, Hua Chengge, Pan Jian, Liao Xuejuan. A case of lidocaine hydrochloride allergy [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2015, 42(1): 37-39.
[10] Tang Haikuo, Hou Jinsong.. Use of antibiotics following tooth extraction [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2014, 41(5): 497-499.
[11] Hu Kaijin1, Zhao Jihong2, Pan Jian3. Need use antibiotics prophylacticly after tooth extraction [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2013, 40(6): 706-709.
[12] Ren Jing, Bai Ding.. Etiology and treatment of Angle class Ⅱ subdivision malocclusion [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2013, 40(1): 117-120.
[13] Cao Haotian, Wu Yeke, Pan Jian. . Perioperative management of patients long-time using of anticoagulant in tooth extraction [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2012, 39(5): 617-619.
[14] Liao Xuejuan, Zhao Forong.. Nursing of 934 cases of tooth extraction under the monitoring of electrocardiogram [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2012, 39(4): 459-460.
[15] Peng Minghui1, Wu Yan2, Kang Jing1, Zhou Jianming1, Li Xiaobing3.. Hard tissue outcomes of Class Ⅱ division 1 malocclusion with vertical growth pattern before and after treatment [J]. Inter J Stomatol, 2012, 39(3): 290-293.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(06): .
[2] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(06): .
[3] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(06): .
[4] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(06): .
[5] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(06): .
[6] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(06): .
[7] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(06): .
[8] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(06): .
[9] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(06): .
[10] . [J]. Foreign Med Sci: Stomatol, 1999, 26(06): .