国际口腔医学杂志

国际口腔医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (1): 123-132.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2025013

• 综述 • 上一篇    

智能响应型水凝胶及其在药物控释中的应用

罗启培(),张新春()   

  1. 中山大学光华口腔医学院·附属口腔医院修复科 广东省口腔医学重点实验室 广州 510055
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-19 修回日期:2024-09-15 出版日期:2025-01-01 发布日期:2025-01-11
  • 通讯作者: 张新春
  • 作者简介:罗启培，医师，硕士，Email：luoqp3@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    广东省自然科学基金(2022A1515012485)

Smart responsive hydrogels and their application in controlled drug release

Qipei Luo(),Xinchun Zhang()   

  1. Dept. of Prosthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
  • Received:2024-03-19 Revised:2024-09-15 Online:2025-01-01 Published:2025-01-11
  • Contact: Xinchun Zhang
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2022A1515012485)

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摘要：

水凝胶是一类易于功能化修饰及负载药物的聚合物材料，在药物递送领域已得到广泛的应用。智能响应型水凝胶相比传统水凝胶具有刺激响应性，避免了传统水凝胶的早期爆释药物现象，可响应病理情况下的微环境变化或响应外加刺激从而实现按需控释药物，是更为智能的药物递送系统。本文全面综述了pH、活性氧、化学、温度、磁、光、超声响应型水凝胶独特的响应机制以及在各类疾病治疗中药物控释的创新应用，展现了这一领域的前沿进展并指出了未来研究的发展方向。

关键词: 水凝胶, 智能响应型水凝胶, 药物递送, 药物控制释放

Abstract:

Hydrogels are polymeric materials with advantageous properties of facile functionalization and drug encapsulation, rendering them applicable in drug delivery. Compared with regular hydrogels, smart responsive hydrogels are superior drug delivery systems due to their ability to intelligently respond to stimuli and avoid burst drug release in the early stage. These hydrogels can effectively react to microenvironmental alterations in disease conditions or external stimuli, hence enabling precise and timely controlled drug release. In this work, the unique response mechanism of hydrogels responsive to pH, reactive oxygen species, chemical, temperature, magnetic, light and ultrasound and their innovative application in the treatment of various diseases are reviewed. The findings present the frontier progress in this field and point out the development direction of future research.

Key words: hydrogels, smart responsive hydrogels, drug delivery, controlled drug release

中图分类号: 

  • R452

图 1

pH响应型水凝胶的响应示意图A：阴阳离子基团型pH响应水凝胶控释药物示意图；B：化学键型pH响应水凝胶的结构与控释药物示意图（以希夫碱键为例）。"

图 2

ROS响应型水凝胶的响应示意图"

图 3

化学响应型水凝胶响应示意图A：葡萄糖响应型水凝胶的响应示意图（以硼酸酯键为例）；B：酶响应型水凝胶控释药物示意图。"

图 4

温度响应水凝胶的响应示意图A：温度超过LCST；B：温度超过UCST。"

图 5

磁响应水凝胶的响应示意图"

图 6

光响应水凝胶的响应示意图A：光异构响应型水凝胶的响应示意图；B：光裂解响应型水凝胶的响应示意图。"

图 7

超声响应水凝胶的响应示意图A：热效应；B：空化效应。"

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