Removal of partial and complete denture could damage the original microecological balance of the oral cavity. Denture removal could create conditions for the growth and engraftment of oral microorganisms, leading to oral diseases. Therefore, cleaning dentures and improving the self-cleaning ability of dentures are important. The methods for cleaning the surface of dentures can be divided into mechanical, chemical, and others. Mechanical methods include brushing and ultrasonic cleaning methods. Chemical methods mainly involve immersing dentures in hypochlorous acid salt agent, peroxide agent, acid agent, enzyme agent, natural medicines, and so on. All the above can effectively remove dental plaque, tartar, and pigmentation. However, the peroxide agent may change the color of the denture resin, and even bleach it. The acid agent exerts strong corrosion effects on the metal material and has harmful effects on the eyes, skin, and mucous membrane. Self-cleaning of dentures can be divided into denture-based surface treatment and simple treatment. The former mainly includes changes in the charge of the denture surface, nanometer amorphous diamond film on the denture surface, and polyelectrolyte multilayer film formed on the denture surface. The latter adds materials of drug controlled-release system, rich histone 5, quaternary ammonium salts, chitosan, nanometer silver-carrying antimicrobial agent, titanium dioxide, and nanometer zinc oxide to the denture resin materials, which will eliminate bacteria and fungi and inhibit subgingival bacterial adhesion. Single denture cleaning method could not obtain the best cleaning effect, so selecting composite cleaning methods is necessary.
