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20 November 2009, Volume 36 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Consideration on the surgical extraction of embedded teeth HUA Cheng-ge Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  627-634.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.001 Abstract ( 3102 )   HTML ( 52 )   PDF（pc） (843KB) ( 2786 )   Save Recently, as results of increasing odonto-maxillar deformity, more em1bedded teeth have been met in clinic. At the same time, the development of orthodontics needs supporting of exodontics on the complicated surgical extraction of embedded teeth. In the present work, the author would like to make a review on the extraction of such teeth, with emphases on the design and experiance of the surgical procedures. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of cariogenic factors of 3-6 year-old children in Xiamen city LI Yang, ZHANG Ye, ZOU Jing, YIN Jing-jing, KANG De-ying Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  635-638，642.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.002 Abstract ( 2210 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF（pc） (180KB) ( 1104 )   Save Objective To analysis the variables associated with deciduous dental caries for risk assessment, and provide the scientific foundation for preventing deciduous dental caries, particularly for the high-risk caries children′s oral health care. Methods The sampling method was multi-stage, stratified and whole flock in this study. The questionnaire was designed for aged 3 to 6 years old children to determine causing factors of caries on the aspects of growth, eating habits, oral behavior, family situation, living environment and interventions. These factors were analyzed by χ2 test, then Logistic forward regression was applied to select the interrelated ones and regression model was established. Results The prevalence of dental caries, dmft, dmfs of 3 to 6 years old children in Xiamen city was 71.77%, 4.70, 7.43, respectively. There was significant relationship between deciduous dental caries and age, frequency of consumption of carbonated drinks, eating before sleep, frequency of consumption of milky products, age to start brushing, education level of parents, nursery school type, residence, oral health knowledge of parents, topical fluoride, children number, frequency of consumption of sweet food. Gender, brushing frequency per day, income of family and the type of toothpaste were not found statistically significant in this study. Caries regression model was established and could predict the risk of children suffering from caries. Conclusion Prevention of caries in children should be integrate control. Culturing scientific dietary habits from childhood, strengthening dental care guidance for parent, and using topical fluoride can prevent caries effectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and significance of bone morphogenetic protein-2 in each stage of toot CHENG Min, CHENG Lin, FENG Zhi-yuan, LI Guang-yi Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  639-642.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.003 Abstract ( 1864 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF（pc） (288KB) ( 1190 )   Save Objective Observing the function and meaning of bone morphogenetic protein（BMP）-2 expression in different stages of tooth germ development. Methods Applied immunohistochemical techniques to examine the expression of BMP-2 in different stages of the tooth germs of human fetus in 8-36 weeks, the rat born after 1-22 d, and the dog postnatal in 6 weeks to 5 months. Results BMP-2 expressed in all stages of every tooth germ. In human fetus, the positive reaction observed in epithelium of tooth bud, dental plate, enamel organ, external and outer enamel epithelium, dental papilla and dental follicle at bud stage and cap stage. While at bell stage cells in external enamel, stratum intermedium cell, ameloblasts and odontoblasts showed strong positive expression. The ameloblasts, odontoblasts, Hertwig epithelial root sheath and dental follicle showed strong positive reaction in the unerupted human deciduous tooth, the tooth under the eruption of neonate rat and 6 week′s postnatal canal tooth. Positive expressions of BMP-2 were observed in root of tooth, peridental ligament and the osteoblasts adjoin to peridental ligament in the dog succession of deciduous teeth. Conclusion BMP-2 is one of critical regulators in tooth development, which regulate the differentiation and morphogenesis of tooth germ cells and control the eruption of teeth and succession of deciduous teeth at different stages. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of platelet-derived growth factor-BB and basic fibroblast growth factor o SHU Dan, YANG Si-wei Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  643-646.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.004 Abstract ( 1846 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (236KB) ( 1826 )   Save Objective To evaluate the effects of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor（rhPDGF）-BB and recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor（rh-bFGF） by combined usage on the proliferation of PDLC in vitro. Methods Periodontal ligament cell（PDLC） were cultured by tissue explant culture-combined enzyme digestion technique. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the effects of combined usage of rhPDGF-BB and rh-bFGF on the proliferation and proliferation index（PrI） of PDLC. Results The optimal concentration was rhPDGF-BB（10 μg·L－1） adding rh-bFGF（10 μg·L－1） and the optimal day was the 3rd day. Conclusion The synergistic effect of PDGF-BB and bFGF can significantly promote the proliferation of human PDLC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experiment on repair of mandible defect with nano-hydroxyapatite and compound mem ZHANG Li, MA Ning, CHE Yan -hai, BIAN Xiao -wei Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  647-649，654.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.005 Abstract ( 2034 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (407KB) ( 1155 )   Save Objective To study the effects of nano-hydroxyapatite（nHA） and collagen compound membrane on the repair of mandibular defects. Methods Put nHA and combine together to prepare nHA and collagen compound membrane. 20 healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were prepared rectangle bone defects of about 1.0 cm×0.5 cm×0.5 cm at middle part of bottom edge of both mandibles. The right side was the experimental one, whose defect was covered with nHA and collagen compound membrane. While the left group was sutured without any membrane. 28, 56 d after implantation, the effectiveness of bone formation was evaluated by means of X-ray observation and histological examination. Results nHA and complex group: New bone formation in the implanted defects were observed 28 d after operation, and the defects were replaced by mature bone tissue 56 d after operation and most of nHA and complex membrane was degra-ded. Blank contrast group: Fibrous tissue was found in the bone defects 8 weeks after operation. Conclusion nHA and collagen compound membrane may be feasible in the repair of bone defects. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of transforming growth factor-β1 and vascular endothelial growth fact FANG Hai-jun, GU Zhi-yuan Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  650-654.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.006 Abstract ( 1686 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (481KB) ( 1048 )   Save Objective The present study was designed to investigate the correlation of transforming growth factor （TGF）-β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） protein expression in repairing mandible defects of the rabbits. Methods The animals were divided into 4 groups randomly, each defect of two groups（the groupⅠ,Ⅱ）was grafted with bone morphogenetic protein（BMP） of different concentrations（1 mg·L－1，10 mg·L－1） reconstituted inpartly demineralized xenogeneic bone（PDXB）. In the group Ⅲ 12 rabbits（24 defects） were grafted with homogeneity bone. In the group Ⅳ 12 rabbits（24 defects） were grafted with PDXB. 16 animals were sacrificed in 2, 4 and 8 weeks after surgery respectively and the specimens were harvested and processed immuno histochemical examinations. Percentage of TGF-β1 and VEGF positive staining area were quantified by image analysis. Results The level of TGF -β1 and VEGF protein expression was the highest in group Ⅲ , and it is similar with the expression when the concentration of BMP is 10 mg·L－1 combinated with PDXB. Furthermore, there was a close positive correlation between levels of TGF -β1 and VEGF. Conclusion The results showed that BMP reconstituted in PDXB markedly up-regulated the expression of TGF-β1 and VEGF in the grafted area. In our study, the correlation of TGF-β1 and VEGF protein expression was conspicuous, and TGF-β1 could induce VEGF protein expression. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison on the effects of apical sealing by two kinds of root canal filling ma WANG Li-ming, ZHANG Jie Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  655-656，660.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.007 Abstract ( 2256 )   HTML ( 13 )   PDF（pc） (106KB) ( 1459 )   Save Objective To compare the apical sealing effects of two kinds of root canal filling materials at different space-preparation time with dye penetration method. Methods 90 adults upper incisals were randomly divided into two groups which were 45 teeth, and prepared with back step method and obturated with lateral condensation method with Cortisomol（A） and zinc-oxide-eugenol cement（B） as the root canal sealant. Then according to the post-space-preparation time, group A was randomly divided into 3 groups, which were A1, A2, A3, and each group had 15 teeth. And then the same was done to group B, which were B1, B2, B3, and eachgroup had 15 teeth: Immediately（A1/B1）, two weeks later（A2/B2）, and four weeks later（A3/B3）. The different apical sealing effects of the groups were evaluated with dye penetration method. Results There was significant difference on apical microleakage between group A and group B at every three space-preparation time（P<0.01）；and there was significant difference at three different space-preparation time of group A（P<0.01）；but there was no difference in group B（P>0.05）. Conclusion The root canals were better sealed with Cortisomol than with zinc-oxide-eugenol cement. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of apical transportation after shaping different curved root canals by ZHONG Sulan, YIN Shi-hai, CHEN Zhao-hui, JIE You-qiong, WANG Li Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  657-660.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.008 Abstract ( 1705 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (146KB) ( 1087 )   Save Objective To evaluate the apical transportation after shaping different curved root canals by Micro-CT. Methods The 30 roots of 10 maxillary malors were used. The canals were divided into three groups by curvature including 10 canals each group. Canals were prepared using stainless steel K-type files by the step-back technique. Then all the samples were scanned by Micro-CT before, in and after instrumentation. The extent of apical transportation were calculated. Results Statistical differences in apical transportation were found between test groups when prepared to the size 25. When canals were prepared to the size 35, the severe group showed more apical transportation than the other two groups. There was no statistical difference between the light and secondary groups. The apical transportation were statistical differences in every test groups no matter in size 35 or 25. Conclusion The canals showed more apical transportation when the curvature and the size of files were larger. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evidences of Cochrane systematic reviews on orthodontic treatments for children ZHANG Xiao-ge, YANG Fan, WU Tai-xiang, HUANG Ning, CHEN Yang-xi Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  661-664.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.009 Abstract ( 2107 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (136KB) ( 1190 )   Save Objective To assess the evidences of Cochrane systematic reviews of orthodontic treatment for children and the methodological quality of all randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials（RCT/qRCT） of the included systematic reviews. Methods Issue 4, 2008 of the Cochrane Library was searched for systematic reviews on orthodontic treatments for children. All randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials of Cochrane systematic reviews of orthodontic treatment for children were evaluated. Results Four systematic reviews with twelve RCT were included. The included reviews were orthodontic and orthopaedic treatment for anterior open bite in children, oral appliances and functional orthopaedic appliances for obstructive sleep apnoea in children, orthodontic treatment for prominent upper front teeth in children and orthodontic treatment for deep bite and retroclined upper front teeth in children. The risk of bias was assessed independently by two authors using the criteria which were described in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 5.0.0. The methods of 9 studies were rated of category C of the methodological quality with high risk of various bias. The methods of 2 studies were category A, and one study was category B. Conclusion Cochrane systematic reviews are received as the highest quality of research evidences. There is insufficient, consistent evidence to support orthodontic and orthopaedic treatment for children. Further high quality RCT need to be conducted. To improve the quality of RCT reporting, clinical trial registration and revised consolidated standards of reporting trial statement should be introduced into the trial design and strictly performed. Clinical evidence should be summarized in order to improve orthodontic treatment for children. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of quantity of periodontium on autotransplantation teeth with pre-extraction jiggling force YANG Qian, QU Hong, TAN Jun Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  665-668.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.010 Abstract ( 1658 )   HTML ( 4 )   Save Objective The present study was designed to determine whether pre-extraction jiggling force could affect the viability and quantity of periodontium on autotransplantation teeth. Methods The subjects consisted of 10 males and 10 females. Jiggling force was applied to the treated teeth before treated premolars were extracted. Control premolars were extracted without any force. The specimens were decalcificated and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and modified Mallory′s trichrome. The area of periodontium and area of cementum were calculated by computerized analysis. The data were analyzed statistically. Results 73 s was average time of extraction of treated teeth, 148 s was average of control teeth. And there was significant difference on the first premolars of both mandible and maxilla（P<0.01）. Quantitative analysis of quantity of periodontium on root showed jiggling force can leave more periodontium attached to the root surface on extracted human first premolars. Conclusion Jiggling force can reduce the time of extraction，so it can decrease the damage to periodontium. Pre-extraction jiggling force can leave more periodontium attached to the root surface on autotransplantation teeth. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of pingyangmycin and dexamethasone infusing therapy on infantile heman LIU Guo-lin, YAN Wei, CHEN Yong, MA Chao Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  669-671，678.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.011 Abstract ( 1900 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (133KB) ( 830 )   Save Objective To evaluate the effect of pingyangmycin and dexamethasone infusing therapy on infantile hemangioma in oral and maxillofacial region. Methods 27 cases of infantile hemangioma in oral and maxillofacial region were treated with pingyangmycin and dexamethasone infusing therapy and were observed the curative effect. Results 22 cases were cured（81.5%）, 5 cases were relieved（18.5%）, and the total efficiency rate was 100%. There were no recurrence after 1-2 years. Conclusion Pingyangmycin and dexamethasone infusing therapy on infantile hemangioma in oral and maxillofacial region is a safe, convenient and efficient method. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of embryonic stem cells differentiation into neural stem cells< LIU Zhi -ming, LONG Xing Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  672-674.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.012 Abstract ( 1842 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (106KB) ( 1973 )   Save Stem cells is a pluripotential cells, which can differentiate to bone, cartilage, muscle, blood vessels and neurogenesis. Neural stem cells can be used to repair neural system and regenerate neuron and neuroglia cells of atrophy, necrosis or defect in tissue engineering and in clinic. In different mediums and special grow factors, stem cells such as embryonic stem cells, bone marrow stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, epidermal stem cells and adipose stem cells can be differentiation into neurogenesis. The capital of multi-directional differentiation of synovial stem cells will be used to nerve defect and regeneration in many nervous system diseases. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary of research progress of embryonic stem cells differentiation into neural stem cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of innate immunity-associated cells in dental pulp ZHANG Li, LIN Zheng-mei Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  675-678.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.013 Abstract ( 1582 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (137KB) ( 851 )   Save The innate immune system is the first line of defense against invasion of exogenous microbial pathogens. Various cells in he dental pulp participate in the defensive immune response to protect the dental pulp when the dentin-pulp complex encounters extraneous stimulus or injuries. The aim of this study was to review the characteristic and function of the cells including odontoblast, fibroblast, mononuclear macrophage, dendritic cell and natural killer cell, which are involved in innate immunity of dental pulp. Related Articles | Metrics

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Review: Recent studies on the antibacterial performance of glass ionomer cement i QIU Yu-lei, ZHOU Xue-dong Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  679-681.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.014 Abstract ( 2137 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (105KB) ( 1123 )   Save The application of glass ionomer cement（GIC） in filling restorative treatment（FRT） is widening. However, the bacterial biofilms which form on restoration surface often make secondary caries happened, a common complication of failed FRT. As a result, the antibacterial activity of GIC is more and more concerned, which is related to kinds of its components. This article is going to discuss the components of GIC and review the recent studies about their functions on adhesion of oral microbes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Anti -Porphyromonas gingivalis immunoglobulin yolk immune in prevention and treat JIANG Da-chuan, XU Yan Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  682-684.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.015 Abstract ( 1999 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (113KB) ( 832 )   Save Periodontitis is a bacterial infectious disease caused by microbial pathogens, and Porphyromonas gingivalis（P.gingivalis） is one of the prominent pathogens. Hen immunized with certain micro-organism can produce specific antibodies against the micro-organism，which can be transferred to the egg yolk in large numbers. The purification of the antibodies is also known as the immunoglobulin yolk（IgY）. Anti-P.gingivalis IgY may provide a promising insight into the prevention and treatment of periodontitis. This review reported the research progress of the nature and characteristic of IgY and the use of IgY in prevention and treatment of periodontitis research. Related Articles | Metrics

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Promoting effect of receptor for advanced glycation end product in periodontitis< MA Ying, FU Yun Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  685-685～687.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.016 Abstract ( 1931 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (111KB) ( 1354 )   Save The receptor for advanced glycation end products（RAGE） is a multi-ligand member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules. RAGE/ligand interaction can activate several signal transduction pathways and enhance inflammion. The pathologic expression of RAGE in periodontal tissue indicates RAGE may be the stimulative factor of periodontal inflammation, and possibly involve in the periodontal destruction in diabetes or smokers. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of stepwise mandibular advancement on the treatment of Angle class Ⅱ mal ZHOU Limei, LIN Xin-ping Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  688-690.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.017 Abstract ( 1482 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (105KB) ( 1436 )   Save Angle class Ⅱ malocclusion is prevailing. Enhancement of mandibular growth and amelioration in esthetics are the goals of orthodontic treatment. Recently, considerable success has been achieved in the studies about the advantages, late treatment effects, and anchorage control of stepwise mandibular advancement in the treatment of Angle class Ⅱ malocclusion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on Matrilin family MAI Jun-ni, CHEN Chan -chan, LING Jun -qi Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  691-693，697.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.018 Abstract ( 1705 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (141KB) ( 1131 )   Save Matrilin family is a non-collagenous extracellular matrix protein family. They are mainly expressed in bone and cartilage, and participate in the formation of extracellular matrix. Mutations of them can contribute to multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, osteoarthritis, and so on. Many signaling pathways modulate the extracellular matrix indirectly by regulating the expression of Matrilins. Matrilins may be markers of cells with high potency of differentiation and proliferation. Matrilin-4 was reported recently only expressed in odontoblast but not in pulp tissue. It may be related to the formation and mineralization of dentin, dentinogenesis imperfecta and so on. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advance on release system of bone morphogenetic protein-2 HE Qi-fen, DENG Fei-long Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  694-697.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.019 Abstract ( 1818 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (128KB) ( 1886 )   Save Bone morphogenetic protein（BMP）-2 has been shown as a key molecule in bone regeneration. It can induce the undifferentiated mesenchyma stem cell to differentiate to osteoblast cell. To develop a stable and sustained releasing system of BMP-2 is the focus, not only for treatment, but also for reducing the complication. This paper was to summarize the necessity, the materials, the property and the research tendency of the release system. Related Articles | Metrics

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New progress on application of liposomes in medicine CAI Jie-ming, WANG Qian Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  698-700.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.020 Abstract ( 1700 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (102KB) ( 806 )   Save Liposomes are made of lipid bilayer and aqueous phase with the lipid core. A variety of drugs can be wrapped in its aqueous phase and lipid bilayer membrane. So it will be a new type of drugs which could encapsulate other drugs and release these drugs targeting and slowly increasing the local drugs concentration. The liposomes appear targeting property, long circulation, low toxicity, slow releasing, non-immunogenicity and protection potential. The advantage of the new type of drug has interested a lot of medical researchers. And it has become research hot topic at home and abroad, and the speed of research progress and development of liposomes is very quickly. At present, their application has been throughout the life science and membrane engineering, and gradually to the development of clinical applications. On clinical, they are more used as anti -cancer drugs in oral medicine and clinical medicine. In this paper, the latest developments on application of the liposomes in medicine, in particular the application of oral medicine was reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on cyclic fatigue of nickel-titanium rotary instruments DOU Lei, ZHUANG Hong-ren, YE Ling, TAN Hong Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  701-703.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.021 Abstract ( 1760 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF（pc） (103KB) ( 997 )   Save Compared to stainless steel instruments, Ni-Ti rotary instruments are more flexible. They could not only allow for a higher quality of root canal shaping and cleaning, but also decrease the working time when applied in the curved canals. But instrument fracture is still a major concern. Instruments separation may add to the difficulty of the root canal therapy, even lead to the failure of the treatment. Cyclic fatigue is the main mechanism for instruments fracture in clinic. Lots of factors influence cyclic fatigue of instruments including internal and external factors. This paper reviewed cyclic fatigue of Ni-Ti rotary instruments in the recent years, with an emphasis on factors influencing cyclic fatigue. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on hidden caries LI Li, WU Hong-kun Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  704-707.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.022 Abstract ( 1898 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF（pc） (121KB) ( 1494 )   Save The hidden caries is a sub-type of the occlusal pit and fissure caries type, and is defined as a dentinal caries lesion nearby the occlusal surface of the tooth, seen on a radiograph, where the occlusal enamel remains intact or is minimally perforated. Optical detective technology has great potential in early diagnosis of hidden caries, but it still needs further study and improvement. Hidden caries should be diagnosed by radiographs in clinic. Hidden caries present the dentist with challenges in prevention, diagnosis, treatment planning, research, and patient education. This review was focused on the research progress of its pathophysiology mechanism, clinical diagnosis and treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on chelating agent used as root canal irrigation SHI Yan, YANG Jian Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  708-711，715.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.023 Abstract ( 1925 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF（pc） (148KB) ( 1143 )   Save There are many defects in the alternating use of 3% hydrogen peroxide and saline during and after root canal instrumentation in most of hospitals in China. Sodium hypochlorite is widely used abroad in endodontics because of its strong antimicrobial action and tissue solvent activity. And now, sodium hypochlorite is used in China step by step, but chelating agent is seldom used as root canal irrigation in endodontics. Chelating agent′s advantage has been focused recently which is capable of removing the smear layer formed during root canal instrumentation, but is inefficient in dissolving pulpal remnants while sodium hypochlorite can. It is widely accepted that the most effective method to remove smear layer is to irrigate the root canal with chelating agent followed by sodium hypochlorite. This paper reviewed the research process in aspects of chelating agent used as root canal irrigation, contributing to popularize its internal clinical application. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on massive osteolysis XIE Ke-xian, LIU Deng-gao, WU Yun-tang Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  712-715.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.024 Abstract ( 1578 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (135KB) ( 1076 )   Save Massive osteolysis is a rare disease of unknown etiology primarily affecting bones. It is characterized by lysis of affected bone on radiograph, which can get across joints and intervertebral disks to adjacent bone by progression. Histologically, it is characterized by nonmalignant vascular proliferation with fibrosis background of intertrabecular spaces or in later phases dense fibrotic tissue with minimal vascularity. It is generally classified as a benign vascular tumor or vascular malformation. The disease can cause deformity and disability, with chylothorax and cervical vertebral involvement it can be lethal. More than one hundred cases have been reported in the English literature. Several cases have been reported in China, but most of them lack effective treatment. This review was focused mainly upon the pathology, clinical features, laboratory tests and radiographic appearance, diagnosis criteria and treatment modalities of the disease. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress and clinical usage of skeletal anchorage system LIAO Zhen-gui, XIONG Hui Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  716-718，722.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.025 Abstract ( 1781 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (123KB) ( 768 )   Save Proper design and control of anchorage are critical to a successful orthodontic treatment. The traditional methods for anchorage control are difficult to provide absolute stability, and lack of anchorage is an important factor of restrictions in orthodontic treatment. In recent years, the exploitation and clinical usage of different kinds of implant anchorage systems make the effective control of anchorage, especially in some hard cases. As one of the implanting anchorage family, the skeletal anchorage system also developed a lot. The presented paper was aimed to summarize the experimental and clinical usage of skeletal anchorage system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Disputes of ferrule effect LI Qi, SU Jian-sheng Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  719-722.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.026 Abstract ( 2018 )   HTML ( 22 )   PDF（pc） (123KB) ( 1893 )   Save Post-core-crown is a widely used clinical restorative method. Ferrule effect is applied to post-corecrown restoration. Despite that there are series of theoretical experimental and clinical studies about the effect of ferrule on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with post-core-crown, there also remains disputes. This review made a summary to those ferrule-related factors and the relation with fracture resistance of post-core-crown. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influential factors of the abradability of dental materials ZHANG Jie, LI Chang-yi Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  723-725.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.027 Abstract ( 1859 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (100KB) ( 1233 )   Save Dental prosthetic restorations replace natural teeth with occlusal function for years in vivo, and the process of chewing is the wear of themselves and natural teeth. The abrasion resistance is the important factor when one chooses dental restorative materials. As the complexity of process of chewing and the oral environment, many factors effect abradability. The main influential factors of abrasion resistance are reviewed in this article. Related Articles | Metrics

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Present study and progress of the initial stability of implant WU Ying-ying, GONG Ping Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  726-728.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.028 Abstract ( 3399 )   HTML ( 37 )   PDF（pc） (107KB) ( 2922 )   Save Along with the comprehensive use of implant to restore the lost teeth by the dentists and patients, the implantology attracts more and more attention. Nowadays most scholars believe the primary stability after the implantment is the principle requirement of success. This is a review about studies in the measurements of the primary stability and its influence factors. Related Articles | Metrics

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The current research situation about the effect of Angle class Ⅲ malocclusion or AO Tong-jiang, YANG Si-wei, YUAN Xiao-ping Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  729-731.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.029 Abstract ( 1544 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (103KB) ( 1405 )   Save The influence of Angle class Ⅲ malocclusion on patients′ oral function, profile and psychological health is severe. So the early orthopedic intervention is often provided to the patient in clinic. During early treatment, the orthopedic force is used to interfere the growth of mandible. The mandibular condyle, which influences directly the morphology and function of mandible, is one of the major growth and development sites of the face. Close attention has been paid to the influence of Angle class Ⅲ malocclusion orthopedic force on condyle. In this article, the influence of Angle class Ⅲ malocclusion orthopedic force on condyle was reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of tissue engineering strategies in reparating cleft palate CHEN Mu , HUANG Hong-zhang Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  732-734.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.030 Abstract ( 1840 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF（pc） (108KB) ( 767 )   Save Cleft palate is one of the most prevalent congenital craniofacial birth defects in human. The complexity of the tissues and structures involved in cleft palates poses a significant challenge in stomatology. Current treatments for cleft palate involve well -described surgical techniques. However, surgical intervention has some complications. The application of tissue engineering principles could significantly improve the treatment effect. This review would briefly introduce the application of tissue engineering strategies, with an emphasis on the areas in which tissue engineering could have a significant impact, such as soft and/or hard palate tissue regeneration and alveolar bone regeneration. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of X-ray cephalometrics to occlusal rehabilitation LUO Yuan, LI Yan Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  735-737.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.031 Abstract ( 1663 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF（pc） (98KB) ( 1227 )   Save Occlusal rehabilitation could change patients′ original infraocclusion state into physiological occlusal relationship. The effect of occlusal rehabilitation to the facial soft and hard tissue has not been clarified. X-ray cephalometrics, which can precisely describe the structure of teeth, facial bones, soft and hard tissues, has been widely used in orthodontics and dentalfacial orthopedics, and now is being applied to prosthodontics. This paper summarized X-ray cephalometrics applied to occlusal rehabilitation. Related Articles | Metrics

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The influence of shortened dental arch on oral function DAI Jing, CHENG Xiang-rong, LI Zhi-yong Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  738-740.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.032 Abstract ( 1873 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF（pc） (183KB) ( 1626 )   Save Since the concept of shortened dental arch was raised more than 20 years ago, many studies have suggested that the shortened dental arch could provide enough function including mastication, aesthetics, comfort and so on, and would not have negative effect on the stability of occlusion and temporomandibular joint or periodontal supporting tissues. In a word, the shortened dental arch comprising the anterior and premolar regions can meet the requirements of a functional dentition and will be a kind of new prosthetic treatment. This paper was reviewed the influence of the shortened dental arch on oral function and periodontal support to offer theory basis to clinic treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Inter J Stomatol. 2009, 36 (6):  741-743.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2009.06.033 Abstract ( 1266 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF（pc） (77KB) ( 1776 )   Save Related Articles | Metrics