Int J Stomatol

Int J Stomatol ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 195-202.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2023034

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Research progress on the application of KTiOPO4 laser in tooth bleaching

Zhao Yali1(),Wang Zhi2,Gao Yang3,Xin Pengfei3,Zhang Kuanshou2,Liu Qingmei1,3()   

  1. 1.Shanxi Medical University School of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
    3.Dept. of Stomatology, The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China
  • Received:2022-08-05 Revised:2022-12-02 Online:2023-03-01 Published:2023-03-14
  • Contact: Qingmei Liu E-mail:719941324@qq.com;liuqingmei2006@sina.com
  • Supported by:
    Fund for Shanxi Bethune Hospital “Beacon Project” Talent Training(2022FH18);Open Program of State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Shanxi University(KF202105)

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Abstract:

Laser can greatly improve the curative effect of tooth bleaching because of its high efficiency, safety, and convenience. In recent years, many kinds of lasers have been used in tooth bleaching, among which KTiOPO4 laser can be used in combination with a photosensitizer to exhibit a photodynamic effect, produce excellent bleaching effect, and confer higher safety. The special wavelength (532 nm) of this laser can also play a direct role in the photochemical oxidation of tetracycline-stained teeth. KTiOPO4 laser is expected to be used in clinical treatment of refractory tooth coloring, especially in tetracycline-stained teeth. This paper reviews the characteristics, mechanism, efficiency, and safety of KTiOPO4 laser and its comparison with other methods to provide reference for its application in clinical tooth bleaching.

Key words: tooth bleaching, KTiOPO4 laser, photodynamic effect, bleaching effect

CLC Number: 

  • R 781

TrendMD: 

Tab 1

Laser types and characteristics commonly used in tooth bleaching"

激光种类波长性质漂白特点常用参数
KTP激光532 nm（可见光波段）组织透过性激光，波长在血红蛋白和黑色素中有较高的吸收峰可通过光热、光氧化（四环素族螯合物）、光动力作用提高漂白效率，牙体组织几乎不吸收该波长的激光，使用较为安全连续波模式，光斑直径6~8 mm，距牙面10~12 mm，功率0.8~1.0 W，照射时间30 s×3[21，25]
Nd: YAG激光1 064 nm（近红外波段）组织透过性激光可通过光热作用提高漂白效率，并可通过止痛作用降低漂白后敏感症状，但可造成髓腔温度较高脉宽60 Hz，光斑直径6 mm，距牙面20 mm，功率8 W，照射时间20 s[8]
半导体激光810 nm（近红外波段）；组织透过性激光可通过诱导止痛、抗炎的生物刺激作用减少漂白术后的敏感性连续波模式，功率1.5 W，距牙面5~6 mm，照射时间30 s[26]；
940 nm（近红外波段）；连续波模式，功率7 W，距牙面1 mm，照射时间30 s[52]；
980 nm（近红外波段）连续波模式，功率7 W，距牙面5 mm，照射时间12 s[53]
Er: YAG激光2 940 nm（中红外波段）组织表面吸收性激光，波长在水和羟磷灰石中有较高的吸收峰激光被漂白凝胶中的水吸收，减少激光向深层组织穿透造成的不利影响；激光照射牙面通过微爆破而产生蚀刻作用，增强了牙面的粘接性能脉冲能量40 mJ，脉冲持续时间1 000 μs，脉宽10 Hz，光斑直径5 mm，距牙面20 mm，照射时间20 s×3[51-52]
CO2激光10 600 nm（远红外波段）组织表面吸收性激光，波长在水和羟磷灰石中有较高的吸收峰用于牙齿漂白可造成髓腔温度升高超过牙髓组织安全阈值，已不建议用于牙齿漂白无
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