国际口腔医学杂志

国际口腔医学杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 413-419.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2019059

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

青少年正畸患者的心理状况研究

何育薇1,张智君1,谢雨朗1,梁英豪2()   

  1. 1.达州北平口腔门诊部 达州 635000
    2.四川文理学院教师教育学院 达州 635000
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-22 修回日期:2019-03-18 出版日期:2019-07-01 发布日期:2019-07-12
  • 作者简介:何育薇,主治医师,硕士,Email：83873089@qq.com

Psychological status of orthodontic adolescents

He Yuwei1,Zhang Zhijun1,Xie Yulang1,Liang Yinghao2()   

  1. 1. Beiping Dental Clinic, Dazhou 635000, China
    2. Teacher Education College, Sichuan University of Arts and Science, Dazhou 635000, China
  • Received:2018-10-22 Revised:2019-03-18 Online:2019-07-01 Published:2019-07-12

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摘要：

目的 探讨配戴固定矫治器的青少年与未矫治的青少年的心理状况差异。方法 采用青少年心理韧性量表、自尊量表、大五人格量表、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、主观幸福感问卷、生活满意度问卷和容貌满意度问卷,对689名青少年（229名固定正畸青少年为试验组,231名有治疗需要但未矫治的青少年为对照组,229名无矫治需求未矫治的青少年为空白组）进行了心理问卷调查,比较组间差异。结果 心理韧性水平试验组最高,空白组次之,对照组最低;自尊水平试验组最高,对照组次之,空白组最低;大五人格中神经质试验组低于对照组和空白组,严谨性试验组高于对照组和空白组,宜人性试验组最高、对照组次之、空白组最低,开放性试验组高于对照组和空白组,外向性试验组高于对照和空白组;抑郁和焦虑水平试验组和空白组均低于对照组;幸福感指数空白组最高,对照组次之,试验组最低;生活满意度试验组最高,空白组次之,对照组最低;容貌满意度试验组和空白组均高于对照组。结论 青少年正畸患者的心理状态与未接受正畸治疗的同龄人有差异,有其独特的心理状况,在正畸治疗过程中,临床医生应充分调动其积极心理要素,以获得更好的治疗预后效果;应及时对青少年错畸形患者进行正畸治疗,以期改善其心理状况,从而促进其身心健康发展。

关键词: 青少年, 正畸治疗, 心理学, 心理韧性, 大五人格, 自尊

Abstract:

Objective To examine mental health status between adolescents with fixed appliance and those who did not receive orthodontic treatment. Methods The adolescent mental resilience scale, self-esteem scale, Chinese big five personality inventory (brief version), self-rating depression scale, self-rating anxiety scale, subjective well-being questionnaire, life satisfaction questionnaire, and appearance satisfaction questionnaire were used. A total of 689 adolescents (229 adolescents with fixed orthodontics as experimental group, 231 adolescents requiring treatment but without orthodontic treatment as control group, 229 untreated adolescents without orthodontic needs as blank group) were investigated using psychological questionnaires. The mental state of each group was analyzed statistically, and differences among groups were compared.Results The ranking of mental resilience level among the groups in decreasing order was experimental, blank, and control groups. The experimental group showed the highest self-esteem level, followed by the control group and then the blank group. In the big five personalities, the neuroticism of experimental group was lower than that of the control and blank groups. The experimental group showed higher conscientiousness, openness, and extraversion compared with the control and blank groups. The experimental group showed the highest agreeableness, followed by the control group and then the blank group. The experimental group showed lower levels of depression and anxiety compared with the blank and control groups. The blank group showed the highest subjective well-being index, followed by the control group and then the experimental group. The experimental group showed the highest life satisfaction, followed by the blank group and then the control group. The experi-mental and blank groups showed higher appearance satis-faction compared with the control group.Conclusion The psychological status of adolescent orthodontic patients was different from that of their peers who did not undergo orthodontic treatment. During treatment, positive psychological factors should be fully mobilized to achieve improved prognosis. Adolescent patients with malocclusion should be treated in a timely fashion to improve their psychological status and promote physical and mental health development.

Key words: adolescents, orthodontic treatment, psychology, mental resilience, big five personalities, self-esteem

中图分类号: 

  • R78

表 1

不同群组青少年心理状况与群组差异比较结果"

变量试验组对照组空白组F值事后检验
心理韧性96.27±13.0587.02±13.8992.99±13.4127.97***试验组>空白组>对照组
自尊30.35±4.8324.22±4.2022.69±3.76205.51***试验组>对照组>空白组
大五人格神经质24.21±7.5331.45±4.8430.70±3.68116.82***试验组<对照组、空白组
严谨性32.69±7.4124.93±4.0224.69±3.85165.97***试验组>对照组>空白组
宜人性35.83±6.2127.67±4.1726.74±3.80244.30***试验组>对照组>空白组
开放性35.36±7.7630.08±4.8330.62±4.4658.37***试验组>对照组>空白组
外向性31.99±7.0929.77±3.8930.67±3.7910.76***试验组>对照组、空白组
抑郁40.64±9.9646.88±11.8542.53±10.0820.66***试验组、空白组<对照组
焦虑36.48±11.4940.25±12.2136.24±10.719.02***试验组、空白组<对照组
幸福感指数10.45±2.7641.05±12.4045.98±11.53864.68***试验组<对照组<空白组
生活满意度20.20±5.2217.69±5.5819.04±5.1612.80***试验组>空白组>对照组
容貌满意度21.43±3.9720.31±4.4221.96±3.5010.25***试验组、空白组>对照组
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