Abstract: Objective To prepare and explore the antibacterial activity of dental antibacterial zinc phosphate cement（ZPC）． Methods Silver base inorganic antibacterial agent（Conval PAg-40） was mixed into ZPC powder with mortar. To verify the process technique, the structure of antibacterial ZPC was observed grossly and scanned by electronic microscopy, and was compared with the common ZPC. Then inoculate quantitative oral pathogens （Streptococcus mutants, Saccharomyces albicans, Porphyromonas gingivalis） on zinc phosphate cement. Viable count in the samples was detected after cultured for a certain time and the antibacterial rate was figured out. Results There was little difference between the antibacterial ZPC and the common ZPC. When observed by a scanning electronic microscope, Conval PAg-40 were well dispersed in ZPC and there were few air bubbles and crannies in the structure. Antibacterial ZPC had antibacterial effect to the pathogens and the antibacterial effects had significant difference. Conclusion There is little influence on surface structure of the ZPC. The ZPC which added silver based inorganic antibacterial agents has determinate antibacterial activity．