国际口腔医学杂志

国际口腔医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5): 621-626.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2025082

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

种植基台几何形状对氧化锆冠轴向固位力的影响

张红(),俞青()   

  1. 南京大学医学院附属口腔医院·南京市口腔医院修复科南京大学口腔医学院研究所 南京 210008
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-01 修回日期:2025-06-18 出版日期:2025-09-01 发布日期:2025-08-27
  • 通讯作者: 俞青
  • 作者简介:张红，医师，硕士，Email：15755264551@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    南京市科技计划项目(202205051)

Effect of implant abutment geometry on the axial retaining force of zirconia crown

Hong Zhang(),Qing Yu()   

  1. Dept. of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
  • Received:2024-11-01 Revised:2025-06-18 Online:2025-09-01 Published:2025-08-27
  • Contact: Qing Yu
  • Supported by:
    Nanjing Science and Technology Program(202205051)

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摘要：

目的 探讨种植基台龈高度、聚合角度、基台直径对于氧化锆冠轴向拉伸力的影响，以及龈高度、聚合角度、基台直径三者之间有无交互作用。 方法 通过Solidworks软件设计出具有聚合角度（12°和6°）、龈高度（3和5 mm）、基台直径（3.5、5和6 mm）的12种基台，每种6个，共72个样本，采用选择性激光熔化（SLM）技术进行3D打印，通过计算机辅助设计和计算机辅助制造（CAD/CAM）制作相应氧化锆冠共72个，粘接48 h后采用万能力学试验机进行轴向拉伸测试和统计学分析。 结果 在轴向拉伸实验测试中，固位力表现为直径3.5 mm组<5 mm组<6 mm组（P<0.05）；固位力表现为聚合度6°组>12°组（P<0.05）；固位力表现为龈高度5 mm组>3 mm组（P<0.05）。三者之间不具有交互作用，其中龈高度和直径及聚合度和直径间具有交互作用，当龈高度为3 mm，直径3.5 mm组与直径5 mm组间的固位力差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。当聚合度为12°，直径5 mm组与直径6 mm组间的固位力差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论 氧化锆冠固位力随着基台直径的增大，聚合度的减小，龈高度的增加而增大；当龈高度较低时，减小聚合度比增加基台直径更重要；修复间隙较小时，在保证聚合度较小的情况下，选择小直径的基台，也能产生较好的固位能力。

关键词: 种植基台, 高度, 聚合度, 直径, 全冠, 固位力, 固位强度

Abstract:

Objective This study investigated the effects of occlusal gingival height, convergence angle, and abutment diameter on the axial tensile force of zirconia crowns and explores the interactions among these three factors. Methods Using Solidworks software, twelve types of abutments with varying convergence angles (12° and 6°), occlusal gingival heights (3 and 5 mm), and diameters (3.5, 5, and 6 mm) were designed, which resulted in a total of 72 samples (six of each type). These abutments were manufactured via selective laser melting (SLM) three-dimensional printing. Corresponding zirconia crowns (72 total) were produced via computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and bonded for 48 h. Axial tensile tests were then conducted using a universal testing machine, followed by statistical analysis. Results In axial tensile tests, the retention force increased with the abutment diameter in the order of 3.5<5<6 mm groups (P<0.05). In addition, retention force was higher in the 6° convergence angle group compared with the 12° group (P<0.05) and greater in the 5 mm occlusal gingival height group compared with the 3 mm group (P<0.05). No interaction was observed among the three factors. However, interactions were noted between occlusal gingival height and diameter and between convergence angle and diameter. Notably, when the occlusal gingival height was 3 mm, no significant difference was detected in the retention force between the 3.5 and 5 mm diameter groups (P>0.05). Similarly, at a 12° convergence angle, no significant difference was observed in the retention force between the 5 and 6 mm diameter groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The retention force of zirconia crowns increases with a large abutment diameter, small convergence angle, and great occlusal gingival height. Reducing the convergence angle is more critical than increasing the abutment diameter when the occlusal gingival height is low. In cases with minimal restorative space, the selection of a small diameter abutment while ensuring a small convergence angle can also achieve satisfactory retention.

Key words: implant abutment, height, convergence angle, diameter, crown, retaining force, retention strength

中图分类号: 

  • R783.4

图 1

实验流程A：12种基台设计图；B：3D打印基台模型；C：氧化锆冠设计图；D：氧化锆块铣削图；E：拉伸实验装置。"

表 1

基台高度、聚合度、直径对于氧化锆冠固位影响的多因素方差分析"

测量项目Ⅲ类平方和自由度均方F值P值
高度1 282 774.83611 282 774.836139.7730.000
聚合度1 317 767.89411 317 767.894143.5860.000
直径1 114 262.0972557 131.04860.7060.000
高度×聚合度25 117.876125 117.8762.7370.103
高度×直径208 180.9352104 090.46811.3420.000
聚合度×直径128 026.217264 013.1086.9750.002
高度×聚合度×直径39 944.335219 972.1682.1760.122

图 2

不同基台高度、直径、聚合度对固位力影响的统计数据数据以平均值和相应的95%置信区间表示，不同的字母代表组间有明显差异，同字母代表组间固位力无明显差异。"

图 3

失效模式A、B：粘接剂多位于冠内；C、D：粘接剂多位于基台表面。"

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