Int J Stomatol

Int J Stomatol ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (5): 689-695.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2026123

• Original Article • Previous Articles    

Clinicopathological and radiographic image analysis of 185 cases of odontomas

Haiyang Song1,2,3(),Min Wu2,3,4,Yue Jiang2,3,4,Kang Dai2,3,Diya Leng2,3,5,Chang You2,3,Yuyao Zhang2,3,Yi Zhong2,3,4()   

  1. 1.Dept. of General Dentistry, the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
    2.State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing 210029, China
    3.Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing 210029, China
    4.Dept. of Oral Pathology, the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
    5.Dept. of Radiology, the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
  • Received:2025-07-16 Revised:2025-12-24 Online:2026-09-01 Published:2026-08-28
  • Contact: Yi Zhong E-mail:335929606@qq.com;ohpzy@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(82203580);Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center(CXZX202227);Medical Research Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission(M2020003)

RichHTML

2

PDF (PC)

16

Abstract:

Objective This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics, imaging findings, and pathological features of odontomas and to provide a reference for their clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A re-trospective analysis was conducted on the data of 185 patients diagnosed with odontomas in the Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Stomatological Hospital from January 2019 to December 2024. The data included clinical manifestations, pathological results, and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging features were collected and analyzed. Results he mean age of the patients was 17.4 years, and the median age was 13 years. The male-to-female ratio was 97∶88. Among the cases, 114 were compound odontomas and 71 were complex odontomas (including three developing complex odontomas). Patients with compound odontomas were significantly younger than those with complex odontomas (P=0.009). The lesions were predominantly located in the maxilla (60.5%, 112/185), and compound odontomas were commonly found in the maxillary anterior region (58.8%, 67/114). Complex odontomas were primarily distributed in the maxillary anterior (40.8%, 29/71) and mandibular molar regions (21.1%, 15/71). Dental eruption abnormalities were present in 70.3% (130/185) of patients, primarily including impacted permanent teeth, delayed eruption, and retained deciduous teeth. Additionally, 22.7% (42/185) of the patients had concurrent odontogenic lesions, which were primarily odontogenic calcifying (11.4%, 21/185) and dentigerous cysts (9.7%, 18/185). Conclusion Odontomas predominantly affect adolescents, and compound odontomas occur at an earlier age than complex odontomas. The two types exhibit differences in anatomical distribution but both considerably affect the eruption of adjacent teeth. Odontomas show a high coincidence rate with odontogenic calcifying and dentigerous cysts. Thus, clinical treatment should include the thorough removal of surrounding cystic wall tissues while preserving the integrity of adjacent dental structures.

Key words: odontoma, clinicopathology, imaging analysis

CLC Number: 

  • R739.82

TrendMD: 

Tab 1

Gender and age distribution of odontoma patients"

性别年龄/岁
0~910~1920~2930~3940~4950~5960~69
合计28924213442
男1548246121
女1344187321

Tab 2

Age distribution of patients with compound and complex odontomas"

病理类型年龄/岁
0~910~1920~2930~3940~4950~5960~69
合计28924213442
组合性2354248221
混合性538185221

Tab 3

Regional distribution of 185 cases of odontoma"

病理类型病例总数上颌骨下颌骨
前牙区前磨牙区磨牙区前牙区前磨牙区磨牙区
合计1859697441118
组合性11467423173
混合性71295513415

Fig 1

Odontoma associated with different odontogenic lesions HE ×10"

Tab 4

Analysis of associated lesions with odontoma"

病变类型组合型牙瘤混合型牙瘤
合计2121
含牙囊肿126
牙源性钙化囊肿912
成釉细胞瘤02
牙本质生成性影细胞瘤01

Fig 2

CBCT images of odontoma patientsmisdiagnosed as odontogenic calcifying cyst"

Fig 3

CBCT images of odontoma patients with permanent dentition, mixed dentition, and primary dentition"

Fig 4

CBCT images of patient with odontoma and supernumerary teeth"

[1] Soluk-Tekkesin M, Cakarer S, Aksakalli N, et al. New World Health Organization classification of odontogenic tumours: impact on the prevalence of odontogenic tumours and analysis of 1 231 cases from Turkey[J]. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2020, 58(8): 1017-1022.
[2] Vered M, Wright JM. Update from the 5th edition of the World Health Organization classification of head and neck tumors: odontogenic and maxillofacial bone tumours[J]. Head Neck Pathol, 2022, 16(1): 63-75.
[3] Vizuete-Bolaños MX, Salgado-Chavarria F, Ramírez-Martínez CM, et al. Compound odontoma associated with a calcifying odontogenic cyst. Case report and systematic review[J]. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2022, 123(3): e97-e105.
[4] Gwartzman B, Trinh K, Hassan A, et al. Dentinoge-nic ghost cell tumor associated with odontoma: report of a rare case and review of literature[J]. Quintessence Int, 2023, 54(8): 652-657.
[5] Nguyen DK, Huynh DV. Clinical and radiological characteristics of odontomas: a retrospective study of 90 cases[J]. Imaging Sci Dent, 2023, 53(2): 117-126.
[6] Siriwardena BS, Tennakoon TB, Tilakaratne WM. Relative frequency of odontogenic tumors in Sri Lanka: analysis of 1677 cases[J]. Pathol Res Pract, 2012, 208(4): 225-230.
[7] DeColibus KA, Rasner DS, Okhuaihesuyi O, et al. Clinicoradiopathologic analysis of odontomas: a re-trospective study of 242 cases[J]. DentJ (Basel), 2023, 11(11): 253.
[8] 刘宪光, 王晗溪, 郑明雪, 等. 牙瘤患者53例诊治分析[J]. 口腔颌面外科杂志, 2023, 33(3): 178-182.
Liu XG, Wang HX, Zheng MX, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of odontomas: a retrospective study of 53 cases[J]. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2023,33(3):178-182.
[9] Cuesta SA, Albiol JG, Aytés LB, et al. Review of 61 cases of odontoma. Presentation of an erupted complex odontoma[J]. Med Oral, 2003, 8(5): 366-373.
[10] Hisatomi M, Asaumi JI, Konouchi H, et al. A case of complex odontoma associated with an impacted lower deciduous second molar and analysis of the 107 odontomas[J]. Oral Dis, 2002, 8(2): 100-105.
[11] Kämmerer PW, Schneider D, Schiegnitz E, et al. Clinical parameter of odontoma with special emphasis on treatment of impacted teeth‒a retrospective multicentre study and literature review[J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2016, 20(7): 1827-1835.
[12] Martín-Granizo-López R, López-García-Asenjo J, de-Pedro-Marina M, et al. Odontoameloblastoma: a case report and a review of the literature[J]. Med Oral, 2004, 9(4): 340-344.
[13] Iatrou I, Vardas E, Theologie-Lygidakis N, et al. A retrospective analysis of the characteristics, treatment and follow-up of 26 odontomas in Greek children[J]. J Oral Sci, 2010, 52(3): 439-447.
[14] Soluk Tekkesin M, Pehlivan S, Olgac V, et al. Clinical and histopathological investigation of odontomas: review of the literature and presentation of 160 cases[J]. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2012, 70(6): 1358-1361.
[15] Wolf J, Järvinen HJ, Hietanen J. Gardner’s dento-maxillary stigmas in patients with familial adenomatosis coli[J]. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 1986, 24(6): 410-416.
[16] Lutz JC, Nicot R, Schlund M, et al. Dental and ma-xillofacial features of noonan syndrome: case series of ten patients[J]. J Craniomaxillofac Surg, 2020, 48(3): 242-250.
[17] Liu S, Lin ZT, Wen SH, et al. Epidemiological and CBCT characterizations of odontomas: a retrospective study of 87,590 subjects[J]. Oral Dis, 2024, 30(7): 4585-4597.
[18] Jiang Y, Ma XW, Wu YP, et al. Epidemiological, clinical, and 3-dimentional CBCT radiographic cha-racterizations of supernumerary teeth in a non-syndromic adult population: a single-institutional study from 60,104 Chinese subjects[J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2020, 24(12): 4271-4281.
[19] Pontes FSC, Mosqueda-Taylor A, de Souza LL, et al. Hybrid odontogenic lesions: a systematic review of 203 cases reported in the literature[J]. J Oral Pathol Med, 2022, 51(1): 5-12.
[20] Lucchese A, Petruzzi M, Scivetti M, et al. Calcif-ying odontogenic cysts associated with odontomas: confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis of 13 cases[J]. Ultrastruct Pathol, 2011, 35(3): 146-150.
[21] Cheng FC, Chang JY, Chen MH, et al. Radiographic characteristics of odontomas in patients in the National Taiwan University Children’s Hospital[J]. J-Dent Sci, 2023, 18(1): 392-399.
[1] Xiaojie Zhou,Benxiang Hou. Research progress on the methods for caries diagnosis based on deep learning [J]. Int J Stomatol, 2025, 52(5): 579-585.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!