国际口腔医学杂志

国际口腔医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (1): 82-91.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2025017

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

口腔局部麻醉药治疗颌面部疼痛的研究进展

马博1(),柯博文2,梁新华1()   

  1. 1.口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室;国家口腔医学中心 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心;四川大学华西口腔医院牙槽外科 成都 610041
    2.四川大学华西医院 麻醉转化医学国家地方联合工程研究中心麻醉与危重急救研究室 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-15 修回日期:2024-09-30 出版日期:2025-01-01 发布日期:2025-01-11
  • 通讯作者: 梁新华
  • 作者简介:马博，住院医师，硕士，Email：320143643@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    四川大学华西口腔医院交叉学科创新项目(RD-03-202004)

Progress in research on oral local anesthetics in the treatment of maxillofacial pain

Bo Ma1(),Bowen Ke2,Xinhua Liang1()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Alveolar Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
    2.Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2024-05-15 Revised:2024-09-30 Online:2025-01-01 Published:2025-01-11
  • Contact: Xinhua Liang
  • Supported by:
    Research and Develop Program, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University(RD-03-202004)

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摘要：

口腔颌面部疼痛严重影响患者的生活质量，局部麻醉药在颌面部疼痛相关疾病的临床诊疗中占据重要地位。随着局部麻醉药作用机制的理论研究不断发展，疼痛治疗的临床需求逐步增加，新型口腔局部麻醉药的开发成为研究热点。本文讨论了局部麻醉药物治疗颌面部疼痛机制的研究进展，结合临床常见的多种疼痛相关疾病，阐述了局部麻醉药的临床应用与作用机制。此外，本文对口腔局部麻醉新药的新剂型和药物递送方式开发进行总结，以期为未来新型口腔局部麻醉药的开发提供依据。

关键词: 口腔局部麻醉药, 颌面部疼痛, 机制研究, 临床应用

Abstract:

Oral and maxillofacial pain considerably affects the quality of life of patients. Local anesthetics play a crucial role in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of pain-related maxillofacial disorders. Along with continuous advancements in theoretical research on the mechanism of local anesthetics, the clinical demand for pain management has gradually escalated, and the development of novel oral local anesthetics has emerged as a research focus. In this article, progress in research into the mechanism of local anesthetics is elaborated, and the clinical application and mechanism of action of local anesthetics and their role in the treatment of various common clinical pain-related diseases were explored. Addi-tionally, the development of novel drugs, new dosage forms, and new drug delivery methods for oral local anesthetics is reviewed. The aim was to provide insights into the mechanism and development of novel oral local anesthetics.

Key words: oral local anesthetics, maxillofacial pain, mechanism study, clinical application

中图分类号: 

  • R782.05+4

图1

VGSC/Nav拓扑结构图（a）及三维示意图（b）"

表 1

钙离子通道的分型及组织分布特征"

蛋白质分类分型组织分布
Cav1.1—Cav1.4L骨骼肌、心肌；心脏窦房结、耳蜗内毛细胞；视网膜突触
Cav2.1P/Q中枢突触与神经-肌接头
Cav2.2N中枢和外周突触
Cav2.3R中枢和外周突触（递质异步释放）
Cav3.1— Cav3.3T多种可兴奋细胞
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