国际口腔医学杂志

国际口腔医学杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 650-656.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2019098

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于氟牙症流行特征的天津市12~14岁青少年口腔健康抽样调查分析

胡静,戴艳梅,冯昭飞()   

  1. 天津市口腔医院 南开大学口腔医院口腔预防保健科 天津 300041
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-23 修回日期:2019-07-01 出版日期:2019-11-01 发布日期:2019-11-14
  • 通讯作者: 冯昭飞
  • 作者简介:胡静,主治医师,硕士,Email：hujing. kq@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家卫生与健康委员会科研基金项目(201502002);天津市科学技术协会科技团体决策咨询资助项目(TJSKX2015-JC12)

A sampling survey on oral health of 12-14-year-old adolescents in Tianjin based on the epidemiological characte-ristics of dental fluorosis

Hu Jing,Dai Yanmei,Feng Zhaofei()   

  1. Dept. of Oral Prevention and Health Care, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Stomatological Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300041, China
  • Received:2019-03-23 Revised:2019-07-01 Online:2019-11-01 Published:2019-11-14
  • Contact: Zhaofei Feng
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by Scientific Research Fund of National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China(201502002);Tianjin Science and Technology Association Decision Advisory Funding Project(TJSKX2015-JC12)

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摘要： 目的 通过调查天津市氟牙症及相关口腔疾病流行情况,分析氟牙症对于天津市12~14岁青少年口腔健康状况的影响。 方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法进行抽样,数据收集采取口腔健康检查及问卷调查结合的方式。 结果 氟牙症患病率为43.7%,氟牙症指数为0.97,氟牙症轻度流行。乡镇地区氟牙症患病率为63.9%,氟牙症指数为1.47,氟牙症水平属于中度流行,调查结果显示城乡之间的差异具有统计学意义;天津市12~14岁青少年受检人群患龋率为33.5%,龋均为0.67,牙龈出血检出率为61.3%,牙石检出率为55%,氟牙症患者严重程度增加,龋失补牙（DMFT）指数增加,氟牙症受检者自身评价影响社交,露齿笑等受影响高于非氟牙症者。 结论 天津市氟牙症轻度流行,仍需要继续采取公共卫生措施控制水氟浓度,氟牙症受检人群龋齿患病率高,尤其表现在第一、第二恒磨牙;氟牙症在一定程度上影响青少年人际交往等方面,提示应加强氟牙症人群专业口腔健康预防措施,进一步研究适合氟牙症人群的口腔保健措施,促进口腔健康习惯的养成,提高口腔健康水平。

关键词: 氟牙症, 随机抽样调查, 龋失补牙指数, 口腔健康教育

Abstract: Objective This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dental fluorosis and related oral diseases in Tianjin and analyse the influence of dental fluorosis on the oral health status of 12-14-year-old adolescents in Tianjin.Methods Stratified cluster random sampling was used for sampling. Data collection was combined with oral health examination and questionnaire survey.Results The prevalence rate of dental fluorosis was 43.7%, and the community index of dental fluorosis (CFI) was 0.97. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was mild. The prevalence rate of dental fluorosis in the urban area was 63.9%, and the CFI was 1.47. The level of dental fluorosis in the urban area was moderate, and a significant difference was noted between the urban and rural areas. The prevalence of dental caries was 33.5%, the decay missing filling tooth rate was 0.67, the gingival bleeding rate was 61.3% and the calculus rate was 55%. These rates of fluorosis were higher than those of non-fluorosis. The self-evaluation of fluorosis adolescents influenced social interaction, and teeth grinning was more affected than non-fluorosis.Conclusion The prevalence of dental fluorosis in Tianjin is mild, and public health measures are necessary to control the concentration of fluoride in water. The preva-lence of dental caries is high, especially in the first and second permanent molars. Professional oral health preven-tion for fluorosis adolescents should be strengthened, and further actions on oral health promotion are necessary.

Key words: dental fluorosis, random sampling survey, decay missing filling tooth, oral health education

中图分类号: 

  • R780.1

表 1

12~14岁受检人群氟牙症患病情况"

分区 性别 氟牙症严重程度DI分级/% 患病率/% CFI
人数 DI=0 DI=0.5 DI=1 DI=2 DI=3 DI=4
城市 男 748 56.30 21.10 13.20 7.10 2.10 0.10 22.60 0.45
女 767 57.96 18.41 12.60 7.96 2.61 0.39 23.60 0.47
合计 1 515 57.20 19.75 12.95 7.53 2.38 0.26 23.10 0.46
农村 男 785 19.00 15.94 16.90 23.60 21.05 3.57 65.10 1.49
女 760 18.97 18.31 16.60 22.40 20.95 2.77 62.60 1.44
合计 1 545 19.00 17.11 16.79 23.01 21.00 3.18 63.90 1.47
总计 男 1 533 37.10 18.50 15.10 15.50 11.80 1.90 44.40 0.98
女 1 527 38.60 18.30 14.60 15.10 11.70 1.60 43.00 0.95
合计 3 060 37.80 18.40 14.90 15.30 11.80 1.70 43.70 0.97

"

表 2

12~14岁受检人群患氟牙症与患龋情况的关系"

患氟牙症情况 患龋情况/%
否 是
否 70.80 29.20
是 60.90 39.10

表 3

12~14岁受检人群患氟牙症与第一及第二恒磨牙患龋情况的关系"

患氟牙症情况 第一恒磨牙 第二恒磨牙
患龋情况*/% 患龋情况#/%
否 是 否 是
否 77.70 22.30 91.50 8.50
是 68.80 31.20 86.40 13.60

表 4

12~14岁受检人群患氟牙症与第一及第二恒磨牙DMFT的关系"

患氟牙症情况 第一恒磨牙DMFT 第二恒磨牙DMFT
否 0.34 0.10
是 0.55 0.19

表 5

氟牙症患病情况与牙龈出血、牙石检出率的关系"

患氟牙症情况 牙龈出血检出率*/% 牙石检出率#/%
否 是 否 是
否 42.50 57.50 48.80 51.20
是 33.80 66.20 40.20 59.80

表 6

DMFT 可能相关危险因素logistic回归分析"

因数 回归系数 标准误差 OR P
城乡 0.252 0.064 0.102 0
刷牙次数 -0.023 0.044 0.007 0.595
甜点频率 0.056 0.019 0.046 0.003
饮料频率 0.009 0.02 0.035 0.645
氟牙症数值 0.085 0.02 0.103 0
父亲受教育年限分类 -0.051 0.072 -0.017 0.477
母亲受教育年限分类 0.056 0.072 0.023 0.435
性别 0.275 0.053 0.113 0

表 7

牙龈出血检出率可能相关危险因素logistic回归分析"

因数 回归系数 标准误差 OR P
城乡 0.21 0.025 0.216 0
刷牙次数 0.061 0.018 0.077 0
甜点频率 0.011 0.008 0.032 0.165
氟牙症数值 -0.01 0.008 -0.03 0.201
父亲受教育年限分类 0.014 0.029 0.015 0.63
母亲受教育年限分类 0.001 0.028 0.001 0.978
性别 0.009 0.021 0.009 0.662

表 8

牙石检出率可能相关危险因素logistic回归分析"

因数 回归系数 标准误差 OR P
城乡 0.086 0.026 0.086 0.001
刷牙次数 0.022 0.018 0.027 0.222
甜点频率 -0.016 0.008 -0.049 0.037
氟牙症数值 0.008 0.008 0.023 0.338
父亲受教育年限分类 -0.067 0.029 -0.07 0.022
母亲受教育年限分类 -0.03 0.029 -0.031 0.304
性别 -0.055 0.022 -0.055 0.011

表 9

12~14岁受检人群自我评价口腔问题的影响"

患氟牙症情况 人际交往*/% 容易烦恼#/% 露牙微笑&/%
无影响 有影响 无影响 有影响 无影响 有影响
否 74.40 25.60 69.20 30.80 57.60 42.40
是 69.60 30.40 65.50 34.50 52.30 47.70
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