Int J Stomatol

Int J Stomatol ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2): 144-152.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2022040

• Original Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Dental arch morphology between patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate and patients with non-cleft lip and palate with a class Ⅲ skeletal relationship in mixed dentition stage: a comparative study

Zhang Qi1,2(),Fan Cunhui1,2(),Yang Qian1,2,Li Ran3,Xu Xiaolin4,Ding Wei1,2,Wang Wenhui1,2,Yang Caixiu1,2   

  1. 1. Dept. of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
    2. School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
    3. Dept. of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
    4. Dept. of Orthodontics, Yantai Stomatological Hospital, Yantai 264010, China
  • Received:2021-07-09 Revised:2021-11-10 Online:2022-03-01 Published:2022-03-15
  • Contact: Cunhui Fan E-mail:525145681@qq.com;kysfch@126.com
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by “Clinical Medicine + X” Scientific Research Project of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University(2020-2021)

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Abstract:

Objective To explore the dental arch morphology between patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and patients with non-cleft lip and palate with a classⅢskeletal relationship in mixed dentition stage. Methods The objects of study were 23 patients with skeletal classⅢUCLP and 23 patients with non-cleft skeletal class Ⅲ UCLP in mixed dentition stage who were enrolled as the experimental groups. The control group comprised 24 subjects of the same age with normal occlusion. Measurements were made for the width and length of the dental arch on the plaster model. SPSS 26.0 software was used for data analysis. Results 1) In the UCLP group, the width and length of the dental arch on the maxillary fissure side were smaller than those on the non-fissure side (P<0.01), but no statistical difference was found between the two sides in the skeletal classⅢgroup (P>0.05). 2) The width and length of the dental arch on the maxillary fissure side were less in the UCLP group than those in the skeletal group Ⅲ group while both were less in the former two experimental groups than those in the normal occlusion group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the length of the dental arch on the maxillary non-fissure side was less than that in the skeletal class Ⅲ group, which was less in the former two experimental groups than that in the normal occlusion group. In addition, no statistical difference was found in the width of the dental arch when compared with the skeletal class Ⅲ group in the remaining areas, except for the canine zone (P>0.05). 3) There was no significant difference in the width and length of the mandibular arch between the two experimental groups (P>0.05), which were both larger in the former two experimental groups than those in the normal occlusion group (P<0.05). Conclusion The maxillary arch of the patients with UCLP in the mixed dentition stage is narrower, shorter, and more asymmetric than that of patients with skeletal classⅢUCLP while no significant difference is found in the mandibular arch between the patients with UCLP and patients with skeletal classⅢUCLP in the same stage. It is recommended that individualized and targeted differential arch expansion be adopted for the treatment of patients with UCLP combined with crossbite and intraversion.

Key words: mixed dentition, unilateral complete cleft lip and palate, skeletal class Ⅲ, arch morphology

CLC Number: 

  • R783.5

TrendMD: 

Fig 1

Determination of marker points and measurement of arch width and length"

Tab 1

Comparison of width and length of bilateral dental arch in UCLP group mm,$\bar{x}\pm s$"

测量项目 裂隙侧（n=23） 非裂隙侧（n=23） 差值 T值 P值
UW1 13.60±1.65 19.53±3.55 5.93 -7.385 0.000**
UW2 21.86±1.91 26.03±2.56 4.17 -9.315 0.000**
UW3 28.09±2.97 29.49±2.32 1.40 -3.083 0.005**
UL 29.05±2.03 29.99±2.26 0.94 -4.666 0.000**
LW1 17.01±2.10 16.70±1.99 -0.31 1.173 0.253
LW2 23.73±3.75 23.74±3.71 0.01 1.922 0.068
LW3 33.61±3.33 33.85±3.43 0.24 -0.909 0.373
LL 29.07±1.53 29.00±1.59 -0.07 0.360 0.722

Tab 2

Comparison of width and length of maxillary arch in UCLP fissure side, skeletal class Ⅲ group and normal group mm,$\bar{x}\pm s$"

测量项目 UCLP组裂隙侧（n=23） 骨性Ⅲ类组（n=48） 正常??组（n=48） F值 P值
UW1 13.60±1.65ab 17.13±1.65a 18.77±3.43 32.558 0.000**
UW2 21.86±1.91ab 24.45±2.44a 27.62±1.85 62.980 0.000**
UW3 28.09±2.97ab 29.87±2.18a 34.89±2.65 73.450 0.000**
UL 29.05±2.03ab 30.30±1.40a 31.54±2.69 11.383 0.000**

Tab 3

Comparison of width and length of maxillary arch in UCLP non-fissure side, skeletal class Ⅲ group and normalgroup mm,$\bar{x}\pm s$"

测量项目 UCLP组非裂隙侧（n=23） 骨性Ⅲ类组（n=48） 正常??组（n=48） F值 P值
UW1 19.53±3.55ab 17.13±1.65a 18.77±3.43 6.667 0.002**
UW2 26.03±2.56a 24.45±2.44a 27.62±1.85 23.977 0.000**
UW3 29.49±2.32a 29.81±2.18a 34.89±2.65 65.656 0.000**
UL 29.99±2.26ab 30.30±1.40a 31.54±2.69 5.694 0.004**

Tab 4

Comparison of width and length of mandibular arch in UCLP group, skeletal class Ⅲ group and the normal group mm,$\bar{x}\pm s$"

测量项目 UCLP组裂隙侧（n=23） 骨性Ⅲ类组（n=48） 正常??组（n=48） F值 P值
LW1 16.50±2.30a 17.23±2.38a 15.89±3.27 3.380 0.038*
LW2 24.49±4.52a 26.53±2.94a 23.73±3.69 4.783 0.010*
LW3 33.05±4.47a 33.19±3.14a 31.63±2.46 5.407 0.006**
LL 28.75±1.71a 29.02±2.02a 27.03±2.74 5.146 0.007**
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