Int J Stomatol

Int J Stomatol ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (1): 37-47.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2022027

• Orginal Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Data simulation optimization of root canal preparation sequence

Ji Xiao1(),Jing Fangqi1,Li Ya2,Xue Jing1()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Cariology and En-dodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
    2. West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2021-07-25 Revised:2021-10-18 Online:2022-01-01 Published:2022-01-07
  • Contact: Jing Xue E-mail:jixiao08@126.com;jing_xue_scu@163.com
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Sichuan University(201910611599)

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Abstract: Objective This study aims to evaluate the effect of existing nickel-titanium files in root canal preparation and explore the best root canal preparation sequence.Methods Excel 2016 was used to derive the formula for calculating the surface area and volume of the file with a specific diameter and taper. Numerical simulation was performed with the volume and surface area growth rate of the root canal taken as the main index, combining with line chart and taper coordinate chart.Results Among 26 products included, vTaper had the lowest average volume growth rate with the recommended preparation sequence. The best root canal preparation sequence corresponding to 1 glide path and 3 shaping files, 2 glide path and 3 shaping files, 1 glide path and 4 shaping files, 2 glide path and 4 shaping files were as follows: 2002—2003—2004—2504—3004, 2002—1803—1804—2004—2504—3004, 2002—1703—1704—2004—2504—3004,and 2002—1503—1703—1704—2004—2504—3004, individually.Conclusion According to data simulation, vTaper system with #20 K-file is the best sequence among the incorporated nickel-titanium file systems. The mean and variance of the root canal volume/surface area growth rates of the four optimal sequences are significantly lower than most existing systems. Results will provide a basis for subsequent experiments and help improve the success rate of root canal treatment and reduce complications.

Key words: root canal treatment, root canal file, nickel-titanium file, preparation sequence, numerical simulation


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Fig 1

Schematic diagram of root canal file model"

Fig 2

Derivation formula of the surface area (S) and volume (V) of the root canal files"

Tab 1

Basic information of 29 products"

产品 生产
年份		 厂家 类型 预备顺序
Bassi Logic 2018 BassiEndo公司,美国 通道锉+
成形锉		 2501—2505
Hero Shaper 2002 Micro Mega公司,法国 成形锉 简单病例：3006（2/3WL）—3004
中等难度病例：2506（2/3WL）—2504—3004
困难病例：2006（2/3WL）—2004—2504—3004
Hero 642 1999 Micro Mega公司,法国 成形锉 2006—2004—2504—3004
Hyflex CM Coltene 2011 Coltene-Whaledent公司,瑞士 成形锉 2508—2004—2504—2006—3004—4006
IRace 2011 FKG公司,瑞士 成形锉 1506—2004—3004
K3 2001 Sybron Endo公司,美国 成形锉 2004—2504
2506—3504
M3 2016 2016 常州益锐医疗器材有限公司 成形锉 2004—2504—3004
M3 PRO 2017 常州益锐医疗器材有限公司 成形锉 1406—2504—2506—3504
M3 2018 2018 常州益锐医疗器材有限公司 成形锉 1805—2504—3004
Pathfile 2011 Dentsply Sirona公司,美国 通道锉 1302
1602
1902
ProDesign Logic 2014 Easy Equipamentos Odontologicos公司,巴西 通道锉+
成形锉		 2501（通道锉）—2506—3005—3505—4005
ProFile 1993 Dentsply Sirona公司,美国 成形锉 1504—2004—2504—2006
Proglider* 2014 Dentsply Sirona公司,美国 通道锉 1602
ProTaper* 2001 Dentsply Sirona公司,美国 成形锉 SX—S1—S2—F1—F2—F3
ProTaper Next* 2013 Dentsply Sirona公司,美国 成形锉 1704—2506—30075—40065—5006
ProTaper Gold 2013 Dentsply Sirona公司,美国 成形锉 1904—1802—2004—2007—2508—3009—4006—5005
Reciproc 2011 VDW公司,德国 成形锉 狭窄根管：2508
中等宽度根管：4006
宽大根管：5005
Reciproc Blue 2016 VDW公司,德国 成形锉 狭窄根管：2508
中等宽度根管：4006
宽大根管：5005
R-Pilot 2017 VDW公司,德国 通道锉 尖端直径：0.125 mm,锥度：0.04
S3 2017 成都市萨尼医疗器械有限公司 成形锉 2004—2506—3004
SC 2015 佛山市森川精密器械有限公司 成形锉 2004—2504—3004—3504
TF（R-phase） 2009 Sybron Endo公司,美国 成形锉 2506—2508—3006—3506—4004—5004
TruNatomy* 2019 Dentsply Sirona公司,美国 通道锉+
成形锉		 1602（通道锉）—2004—2604—3603
TRUShape 2015 Dentsply Sirona公司,美国 成形锉 2006—2506—3006—4006
vTaper* 2015 SS White公司,美国 成形锉 1704—2006—2207—2506—2506—3006—3008—3506—4006—
4506—5006
Wave One 2011 Dentsply公司,瑞士 成形锉 狭窄根管：2106
中等根管：2508
宽大根管：4008

Fig 3

Numerical simulation method of optimal root canal preparation sequence"

Tab 2

The mean and variance of volume/surface area growth rates of 6 systems with lowest average volume growth rate"

锉系列 体积增长率平均值 体积增长率方差 表面积增长率平均值 表面积增长率方差
vTaper（#20 K锉） 0.172 0.047 0.081 0.008
vTaper（#15 K锉） 0.205 0.059 0.097 0.011
vTaper（#10 K锉） 0.258 0.128 0.119 0.024
Hero Shaper复杂根管（困难病例）系列（#20 K锉） 0.333 0.054 0.161 0.004
ProTaper Gold（#20 K锉） 0.365 0.253 0.120 0.029
SC（#20 K锉） 0.398 0.216 0.178 0.032

Fig 4

Line chart of the volume growth rate (left) and surface area growth rate (right) during the root canal preparation with the top six products in evaluation (the calculation didn’t include products containing only glide path)"

Fig 5

Line chart of volume and surface area growth rates of the best root canal preparation sequences"

Fig 6

Schematic diagram of the best root canal preparation sequences"

Tab 3

The mean and variance of volume/surface area growth rates under optimal root canal preparation sequence"

模式 X0 A1 A2 X1 X2 X3 X4 体积增长率平均值 体积增长率方差 体积增长率平均值差×方差差 表面积增长率平均值 表面积增长率方差 表面积增长率平均值差×方差差
3+1 2002 2003 / 2004 2504 3004 / 0.237 0.008 0.382 0.152 0.013 0.012
3+2 2002 1803 1804 2004 2504 3004 / 0.252 0.009 0.113 0.116 0.001 0.005
4+1 2002 1703 / 1704 2004 2504 3004 0.255 0.018 0.267 0.116 0.002 0.012
4+2 2002 1503 1703 1704 2004 2504 3004 0.218 0.018 0.090 0.100 0.006 0.004
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