国际口腔医学杂志

国际口腔医学杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 171-176.doi: 10.7518/gjkq.2019016

• 牙周专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

牙龈生物型的测量方法

黄满英1,付云2()   

  1. 1.合肥市第二人民医院口腔科 合肥 230011
    2.中山大学光华口腔医学院·附属口腔医院牙周科 广东省口腔医学重点实验室 广州 510055;
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-08 修回日期:2018-11-25 出版日期:2019-03-01 发布日期:2019-03-15
  • 通讯作者: 付云
  • 作者简介:黄满英,主治医师,硕士,Email： 156627722@qq.com

Gingival biotype and assessment methods

Manying Huang1,Yun Fu2()   

  1. 1. Dept. of Stomatology, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei 230011, China
    2.Dept. of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
  • Received:2018-06-08 Revised:2018-11-25 Online:2019-03-01 Published:2019-03-15
  • Contact: Yun Fu

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摘要：

牙龈生物型泛是指牙周组织以及牙体组织的形态特征,是预测修复、种植、牙周等美学治疗术后成功率的重要参考因素之一。个体间牙龈生物型存在差异,且不同牙龈生物型对外界刺激的反应不同。研究发现：薄龈生物型更容易出现治疗后牙龈退缩,厚龈生物型更容易出现探诊出血等炎症性改变。在目前的临床工作中,正确评估牙龈生物型特别是准确测量牙龈厚度是合理选择治疗方案及预后评估的基础。然而临床治疗中尚未有统一标准的测量方法,本文就牙龈生物型测量方法作一综述,以供临床及研究工作者参考。

关键词: 牙龈生物型, 牙龈厚度, 测量方法

Abstract:

Gingival biotype refers to the morphological characteristics of periodontal and tooth tissues. Gingival biotype is a reference factor in predicting the success rate of esthetic treatments, such as restoration, implantation, and periodontal surgery. Differences were observed in the gingival biotypes among individuals and the responses of different gingival biotypes to external stimulation. Thin gingiva biotype was prone to gingival recession after treatment, and thick gingiva biotype was prone to inflammatory changes, such as probe bleeding. Thus, the evaluation of gingival biotype is extremely important from the start of treatment plan to the final restorative placement to provide excellent esthetics. This review paper summarized several methods of assessing gingival biotype.

Key words: gingival biotype, gingival thickness, measurement method

中图分类号: 

  • R322.4 +1

图 1

视觉检测法的牙龈生物型分类 A：A1型;B：A2型;C：B型。"

图 2

牙周探针透视法的牙龈生物型分类 A：厚龈型;B：中间型;C：薄龈型。"

图 3

豪孚迪牙龈生物型探针"

图 4

穿龈测量法"

图 5

个性化的电子游标卡尺"

图 6

个性化的电子游标卡尺测量牙龈厚度"

图 7

改良艾万森测量仪"

图 8

改良艾万森测量仪测量牙龈厚度"

图 9

X线平行投照装置"

图 10

平行投照X线片"

图 11

CBCT结合三维扫描测量牙龈生物型 黄线表示扫描所得牙龈软组织轮廓线,牙龈厚度测量从牙槽嵴顶（A）开始向根方1~5 mm,并垂直于牙根中轴线（B）。"

图 12

利用显影剂形成“三明治”样结构"

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